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H-Costume Digest       Wednesday, November 22 1995       Volume 3, Number 257

  Compilation copyright (C) 1995  Diane Barlow Close and Gretchen Miller
  Use in whole prohibited.  Individual articles are the property of
  the author.  Seek permission from that author before reprinting or
  quoting elsewhere.

Important Addresses:

  Send submissions to:   h-costume@lunch.engr.sgi.com (or reply to
			  this message).
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Topics:
    Re: Material for Tunic
    Corsets....
    Thanks...
    Re: velvet
    Tear-away clothes
    Re: Corsets in the SF Bay Area
    corsets and childbearing
    Re: Lavender's Green
    Corsets in Europe ?
    Corsets in the SF Bay Area
    Re: velvet
    Need advice on embroidery
    15th c. English Garb
    Gold thread
    Flax info. HELP!!!!!
    Flax info. HELP!!!!!
    Re: velvet
    Norman Gown ???

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date: Tue, 21 Nov 1995 17:59:19 -0700 (MST)
From: Wayfinder <cfree@unm.edu>
Subject: Re: Material for Tunic

On Fri, 17 Nov 1995, Sarah E. Goodman wrote:

> > > Wool? Was that what they wore in the summer?
> 
> Remember, most desert-dweller's robes are wool!
> 
> 

Reenacting out west you learn pretty fast that your wool uniform acts 
kinda like a swamp cooler.  It actually keeps you surprisingly 
comfortable in the heat.  The armies posted out west wore dark wool 
uniforms at least till the end of the century....

------------------------------

Date: Tue, 21 Nov 1995 18:24:46 -0700 (MST)
From: Wayfinder <cfree@unm.edu>
Subject: Corsets....

Something that should be noted in the reported waist measurements is that 
when someone stated their waist size, they were measuring the corset and 
not their own waists...

Also.. not all women wore corsets.. those in the upper classes of course 
wore them because society dictated... however, there are a number of 
photograhs which show women who were plainly not wearing corsets.  I was 
surprised at the numbers actually.  Corsets simply were not practical for 
women who had to work.

Crystal

------------------------------

Date: Tue, 21 Nov 1995 18:33:11 -0700 (MST)
From: Wayfinder <cfree@unm.edu>
Subject: Thanks...

Thanks... everyone for all of your input!...  You've all been very 
helpful.... now to the drawing board..<G>

And we.... the Civil War Ladies League (in New Mexico) put on a Winter 
Gala every year... this year however, we decided to do something a little 
different... hence the "Masqued Ball".

Crystal

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 00:03:12 GMT
From: David Brewer <db-cos@westmore.demon.co.uk>
Subject: Re: velvet

In message <199511211404.JAA12788@moe.coe.uga.edu> sschmidt@moe.coe.uga.edu (Stacia Schmidt) writes:
> Does anyone know when velvet first started to become a commonly used fabric
> for clothing?  Specifically looking at the countries of Italy, France, and
> England?

It's a bit of a grisly source; and not authoratative, but in her
book "The Princes in the Tower" Alison Weir writes (regarding two
child's corpses found in the tower with 'pieces of rag and velvet
about them':

"According to information given to the author by a textile expert 
contacted through the Archeological Resource Centre in York, velvet
was invented in the 1400's in Renaissance Italy, and was not made
in England before the sixteenth century."

Evidently they appeared earlier tho', another book I have quotes
'a crack-brained priest' John Ball who says although "we all
spring from the same father and mother [Adam and Eve]... [the
aristocracy] are clad in velvet and camlet lined with ermine,
while we go clad in coarse cloth".

Sumptuary Laws in England of 1463 mention Velvet: no batchelor
knights (except Knights of the Garter) were to wear velvet upon
velvet; no gentlemen or esquiers lower that the rank of knight were 
to wear velvet at all. In 1482 only those above the rank of knight
were allowed doublets or gowns of velvet.

The Howard Household accounts detail brigandine body-armour being 
lent to his followers including at least one covered in purple 
velvet, a gift to Sir John Howard from King Edward. The family of
Sir John Paston had a few velvet pieces also, some of which came
via the estate of Sir John Fastolf.

- -- 
David Brewer

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 09:57:59 -0500
From: NeenH@aol.com
Subject: Tear-away clothes

>I a looking for information on how to make tear-away shirts.  I need to hide
>a yellow shirt under a purple one.  It also needs to be used repeatedly, so
I
>figure velco is involved somehow.  Does anyone have any technique ideas or
>places I could look to find some basic instructions?  I would appreciate any
>help you all can give.  
>Thanks,  Ange in Denver

I made a tear-away skirt for a play.  Velcro would not work, I tried.  It 
took too much force and support.  As soon as the tear started, it stopped 
for lack of support.  It would need to be a very short strip.  We ended 
up using a VERY long basting stitch and restitching yup the skirt every 
night.  It only took a minute (LONG stitches) and the tearing sound was 
right.  The velcro only comes in black and white and it always shows.  
Tearing the tear-away takes quite a bit of practice, even the basting 
needs some support to get it to finish.

NeenH

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 01:02:47 -0500 (EST)
From: BARBARASHU@delphi.com
Subject: Re: Corsets in the SF Bay Area

Let's not forget
B.R. Creations
P.O.Box 4201
Mountain View 94040
Phone/fax (415)961-5354
I've got their E-mail address around here somewhere. It's
Compuserve, that much I do remember. Can look for E-mail
address if anyone really needs it.
Barbara

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 09:58:08 -0500
From: NeenH@aol.com
Subject: corsets and childbearing

Uterin prolapse is usually a result (even today!) of medical 
mismanagement/interence of delivery.  Often caused by coercing a woman to 
push when there is no urge and the use of forceps.

There was a period of time when doctors were starting to be morecommonly 
engaged in childbirth, and often used forceps in a manner which caused 
permenant damage to the wall separating the vagina and the bladder, 
causing cronic seepage, infection, odor, and pain.  Many women were 
confined to their rooms as invalids due to this.  It took many years 
until a "young upstart" did some experiments (on charity women in a 
hospital for unwed mothers) to discover how to prevent this natural 
problem, he figured out how to stitch her up properly, then figured out 
how to leave them alone, so as to not cause the problem in the first place.

I believe the article on this was in Mothering Magazine.

Many women  had weak abdominal muscles due to the stays, then, while 
pregnant, that is asbacerated, leading to all the patent solutions to a 
problem caused by society, just like modern medicine!

(I had a post natal infection that was probably iatrogenic.  Many friends 
had all sorts of complications that were, also)

You can buy uterine supports through all the yuppie baby catalogs now!  
They don't call it prolasp, just support and comfort, but they still 
exist!  Of course, the standard pregnancy exercises (which are similar to 
back exercises) work as well, are cheaper and safer...

NeenH

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 08:48:30 -0800 (PST)
From: Julie Cheetham <cheetham@u.washington.edu>
Subject: Re: Lavender's Green

Barbara "in foggy L.A." asked about Lavender's Green of Hillsboro Oregon, 
which makes custom historic clothing.  I cannot speak to the various 
"levels".  However, my husband had one Regency era outift--wool tailcoat 
and breeches and satin vest--made, and we were very satisfied. I would say 
it was on the "dressmaking" level--much nicer and more authentically done 
than a costume, but for economy's sake, we compromised and used modern 
techniques where it wouldn't show. Both hand and machine work were high 
quality and effort was put into the detail work.

We did pick out and send our own fabric so as not to rely on what another
might select.  We also sent a photo of the outfit we wanted and it was
faithfully reproduced.  What impressed us most, however, was the fit she 
attained with only his measurements.  He never went down for a fitting, 
but everything was perfect.  Of course, it was probably helpful that I know
how to measure for sewing/tailoring.  If a person did not know how to do this
and was not going for a fitting, it would be wise to obtain the services of an 
experienced person to take the measurements.

Overall, we were pleased with the work and the service and felt it was 
good value for the price.  Julie "in foggy Seattle."  

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 19:18:48 +0200 (EET)
From: Lynoure Rajam{ki <lynoure@clinet.fi>
Subject: Corsets in Europe ?

Does anybody know good corsetieres in Europe ?  I live in Finland and 
have been searching for a corsetiere for years... Ordering 
made-to-measure corset from the other side of the Atlantic would cost so 
much extra (customs take about 20% extra... *sigh*)

						Lynoure

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 09:48:27 -0800
From: erin1@uclink4.berkeley.edu (Erin Harvey Moody)
Subject: Corsets in the SF Bay Area

My new studio is up and running, so:

I am currently taking orders for both custom and ready made corsets.  For
more information. please contact me direct.

Erin Moody
erin1@uclink4.berkeley.edu
510-444-6244

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 10:30:55 -0800 (PST)
From: Irene Joshi <imj@u.washington.edu>
Subject: Re: velvet

"Velvet" isn't always woven.  When I was at the V&A in the early 1980's 
they had an example of 15th cent. "velvet" which was actually what we 
would call "flocked".  Red on a natural ground as I recall.  I presume 
some type of wool lint glued to the ground.  The example was too heavy to 
be used for clothing but a lighter weight background fabric could have 
been used to produce clothing.  I have no idea what glued the "lint" to 
the ground but it had held up for nearly 500 years.

------------------------------

Date: 22 Nov 1995 15:07:44 -0400 (EDT)
From: Library - Vineland Research Station <LIBRARY@ONRSVI.AGR.CA>
Subject: Need advice on embroidery

Hello Everyone:

I would welcome any advice on embroidering the hem, sleeves and bodice of
a c. 1812 ladys' evening gown. Just to complicate things, my fabric is a
transparent silk.

I'll probably complete this project around the second millenium, but I 
would love to hear about your experience.

I'll be off for minor surgery for a week, so I won't be able to respond or
thank folks for a while.

Sheridan Alder 
library@onrsvi.agr.ca

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 17:10:09 -0500
From: monalisa@sover.net (Veda Crewe Joseph)
Subject: 15th c. English Garb

>It's time to re-make all my kit for next year, time to push all the
>other slobs in my group to do the same. A handbook for costume is 
>in order... and only I'm going to write it.
>
>Having asked the list for info regarding gloves and been pleasantly
>surprised by the volume of response, I'd like to ask more generally
>for pointers to sources regarding costume as a whole for, ideally,
>1460s England or, more loosely, for late medieval northern europe.
>
>I'm already working my way through the h-costume lists 
>bibliographies and I have to say the books my local library are 
>coming up with are quite unimpresive. Somewhere out there must be
>the material I'm looking for.
>
>For example, I have seen exactly one copy of a publication called
>"The Complete Anachronist", which was regarding coats-of-plates and
>brigandines. Not only was it a credible academic treatment of the 
>subject it was a splendid practical guide as well. I'm sure there
>are many more in this series: are they as good? and where can I get 
>some?
>
>All pointers much appreciated.
>
>-- 
>David Brewer, Sheffield, UK.
>
It seems that the information on the Complete Anachronists has already been
given. 

Have you investigated the Museum of London? They have a series of books from
the London digs which are loaded with artifacts from this time period.
There is "Knives and Scabbards", "Shoes and Pattens", "Dress Assesories" and
"Clothing and Textiles". (I am not completely sure of the titles, but they
are close enough. Anyhow, they have a wealth of useful information.
They are very scholarly and full of pictures and diagrams. 
        
Good luck.
_________________________________________________

                       VEDA CREWE JOSEPH

......Making haste to accomplish much, before the snow flies.

Known in the Medieval world as Mistress Morwynna Cryw.

The student strives to learn to be a master, but the master is
always a student.                          Ancient Proverb.
_________________________________________________

------------------------------

Date: Mon, 20 Nov 1995 12:08:31 +1100
From: "GILLIAN RICHARDS (02) 716 3712" <gillian.richards@tafensw.EDU.AU>
Subject: Gold thread

    Re: The real gold thread.
    
    My mother used to take classes at the Royal School of Needlework - 
    the place they do the banners and coronation gowns and other such 
    sumptuous things. She bought most of her gold thread and stuff from 
    the School, and the rest from a little shop just near Salisbury 
    Cathedral. Now, this WAS 20 years ago, but knowing England, the 
    School is definitely still going and the shop probably is, and still 
    being run by the same little old lady or her daughter!
    
    Undoubtedly one of our British correspondents could give us the 
    address and telephone number of the School? (Please?)
    + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +
    | Gillian Richards - TAFE NSW - (02) 716 3712    |\__/|           |
    | aka:   gillian.richards@tafensw.edu.au         /     \          |
    |         "The Midnight Fox", "Mummy"           /_.~ ~,_\         |
    |  Australia's answer to the werewolf?             \ /            | 
    + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - @ - - - - - - +
    

------------------------------

Date: Thu, 23 Nov 1995 00:17:01 -0500
From: SyRilla@aol.com
Subject: Flax info. HELP!!!!!

Please help me with this crazy paper!!
I need to write a paper on flax or linen.  The origins, where it was first
used, what is it used for today, ect..  I also need to get samples from a
company that works with it, so I need an address.
PLEASE, If anyone has any tidbit of information I would be ever so greatful.
 I have not had time to research this very much, between a full job and full
time school.  Only 24 hours in a day, and I must sleep at least a few of
them.  

Thank you in advance for your kindness,

Kimberly

syrilla@aol.com

P.S. If you would not mind me quoting you please say so in your message.
 Thanks

HAPPY THANKSGIVING 

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 21:14:22 -0800
From: brettwi@ix.netcom.com (Brett Williams )
Subject: Re: velvet

You wrote: 
>
>"Velvet" isn't always woven.  When I was at the V&A in the early 
>1980's they had an example of 15th cent. "velvet" which was actually 
>what we would call "flocked".  Red on a natural ground as I recall.  I 
>presume some type of wool lint glued to the ground.  The example was 
>too heavy to be used for clothing but a lighter weight background 
>fabric could have been used to produce clothing.  I have no idea what 
>glued the "lint" to the ground but it had held up for nearly 500 
>years.
>

Fascinating! I wonder what the glue was....:)

I was leafing through a Compleat Anachronist I have, and came across 
this list:

First Known Mentions of Textiles from Linthicum

unless noted all dates are English.

B= before; A = after; ? means it is mentioned by Linthicum, but no date 
is given for its first appearance.

Woolen Cloths:

Bays (baise):  1546
Broadcloth:  mid-1300-s, plain weave 2 yards wide
Buffin 1572
Cambric: 1446, a woven tape
Callamanco; ca. 1550
Chamot: early 1400, worsted or silk
Crewel: 1467
Durance: ?
Flannel: 1345
Frieze: 1376
Frizado: 1527
Grosgrain (gros de Naples): ca 1599; hair, silk or worsted
Kendal: 1389
Kersey: 1389
Linsey-woolsey: b. 1483, linen and wool blend
Mockado (mock velvet): B. 1599 - silk and wool, or silk and linen with 
linen back
Motley: 1371; variegated colors
Penistone: 1520
perpetuana: B. 1599
Philip and cheney: A. 1600
Puke: 1466
Rash: 1575 wool; or silk
Rugg: ca. 1500
Russet: 1182, wool or silk
Saye: b. 1182
Serge: 1303
Shag: 1592; worsted or silk nap
Stammel: 1526
tamine: ca. 1550
Tawney: 1366

There's more-- but I wonder if the piece of mock velvet in the V&A you 
saw was mockado?

BTW, I'm quoting from CA #38, Costume Studies I, Articles from Seams 
Like Old Times, written by Linda Reams Fox and Joyce Cottrell. 

Karen Jolley-Williams

------------------------------

Date: Thu, 23 Nov 1995 01:03:09 -0500
From: margritt@mindspring.com (Margritte)
Subject: Norman Gown ???

Having been in the SCA for a number of years now, I pretty much know how to
make your basic Norman gown, complete with drapey sleeves, and gores on the
side if I feel particularly competent. So when I sat down to make an
"as-accurate-as-possible" gown, I thought I had a pretty good idea of what
I was doing. And then I started thinking about the questions I needed to
have answered. Things got scary real fast!

About the Fabric:
- - The fabric I have is a medium brown wool-blend. I don't know what the
other materials are, or in what proportions they appear. It is so finely
woven that I can see my hand through it if it is held up to the light. It
looks very close to what I have seen of hand-woven fabrics. Is this an
appropriate fabric for the overdress?
- - Recently, I've come across several references to fabric (particularly
wools) being "felted." But surely all fabric wasn't felted, was it?
- - In general, I pre-wash all my fabrics in hot water, and dry them on the
hottest setting, figuring that if I don't ruin them by this treatment,
they'll be OK for future mistakes. But I _really_ don't want to ruin this
fabric. Should I: A) plan on drycleaning; B) try hot-washing a small square
of it to see how it does; or C) plan on spot cleaning and airing it?

About the Dress Itself:
- - I've heard that period looms were rather narrow (about 30-40"). Should I
cut my 60" fabric into strips for my dress? This would presumably give me
one strip for the center of the dress, and then one strip for each arm, and
a gore on each side. Does this sound like the proper way to "build" it?
- - What treatment is used on hems? Should I double-roll it and double-stitch
it like I do on most of my garb, or is this too blatantly non-period? What
about a facing for the neck? Or should I turn it under and hem it, too? If
I plan to embroider the edges, should I try to hide the back side of the
stitching that might be visible if I make large "drapey" sleeves? Does this
mean I need facings for the sleeves, too?

And the Underdress:
- - Is linen a good material for the underdress?
- - Should the skirt be as full as the skirt of the overdress. That is, do I
need to put gores in it as well?
- - I know that the sleeves of the underdress were usually tight-fitting, and
often extended beyond the fingertips. When the dress was worn, the sleeves
were wrinkled up to rest at wrist level (Did that make sense?). In
practice, I've found it difficult to make a sleeve that fit tightly enough
in all the right places, and yet still gave me free movement at the elbow.
Any suggestions? Also, I recently came across a reference to women sewing
the sleeves at the wrist once they put them on to give a tighter fit.
However, my source for this is a fiction book, and I'd like to have more
evidence for or against.

About the Embroidery:
- - (Am I a glutton for punishment, or what!?) I'd like to embroider the
edges of the dress, but the fabric is a somewhat open weave, and I don't
know how well it will take the stitches. Several people have suggested
putting the embroidery on linen bands, and then attaching these to the
dress. I really don't like the idea of using a fairly tightly woven fabric
to trim a loosely woven fabric. Am I just falling victim to my modern
sensibilities? Or does perhaps the embroidery cover the entire band, so
that the fabric doesn't show at all?
- - Looking at the fabric, it strikes me as appropriate for a "workday"
dress. That is, not fancy "court" garb. Would embroidery even be
appropriate for this? I'm thinking of a fairly standard pattern I have seen
on several period garments, with a large circle then two smaller ones
stacked on top of each other, repeating (Hmm... not very clear, is it).
- - What should I use for the thread? Wool yarn? DMC floss? Silk floss? What
ply? What colors were commonly used?

Many thanks in advance to all good gentles who took the time to wade
through this post. I appreciate all your input!

- -Margritte

- ------------------------------------------------------------
Gryphon's Moon - Request our free catalog of Celtic jewelry.

email margritt@mindspring.com or check out our web page at
http://www.mindspring.com/~maclain/

------------------------------

End of H-Costume Digest V3 #257
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