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There are 26 messages totalling 800 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. Religious vestment exibition in chicago
  2. Time Periods
  3. Cunningtons (3)
  4. Whaleboning (3)
  5. Italian Corsets
  6. Cloth of Gold (2)
  7. Fiber Arts Mailing Lists
  8. corsets
  9. 19th c. Hair - New book!
 10. Please remove
 11. Cunningtons/reprints, etc (4)
 12. Books sadly out of print
 13. Orvus
 14. Corset Alternative (was Italian Corsets)
 15. Time periods (2)
 16. Barbara Johnson Book available
 17. New Costume Web Page

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 30 Oct 1996 23:15:26 -0600
From:    "Sara J. Davitt" <ophelia@GLACI.COM>
Subject: Religious vestment exibition in chicago

I just got back from a school trip to the Chicago Art Institute, and I
was touring the textiles department, and found that the exhibition du
jour is a collection of catholic clerical vestments... earliest peice is
1340, and it goes all the way up to the 17th cent.   Most of it is 15th,
and beyond.  when brocades, velvets, and gold and rich fabrics were
available... and the really neat thing is that they are not in some glass
case,  so you can really examine what is... but as always.. no touching!

I think that they take it down in a month or so... I liked it alot.

be well,
Sarahj

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 00:37:27 -0500
From:    Kirk Albrecht M311 <M311@AOL.COM>
Subject: Time Periods

Could someone please list the time periods and their names, up to the present
and back to aleast 1200.  (Ex. victorian)

Kelly
m311@aol.com

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 30 Oct 1996 23:08:09 -0800
From:    Joan M Jurancich <joanj@MAIL2.QUIKNET.COM>
Subject: Re: Cunningtons

You might want to check the Dover Books catalog.  I know that they reprinted
the Cunnintons' "History of Underclothes".

Ciao,

Joan

At 03:02 PM 10/30/96 -0500, Stacey wrote:
>New Text Item:  1630s suit/Cunningtons
>Does anyone know if these books are still in print?  I'd like to get a hold of
>the 19th C one.  Thank you!
>
>Stacey
>stacey_weinberger@wadsworth.com
>
>
>______________________________ Reply Separator
_________________________________
>Subject: 1630s suit/Cunningtons
>Author:  K.M.Bunting@derby.ac.uk @ BelmontSMTP at NOTES_DIRECTORY
>Date:    10/29/96 6:23 PM
>
[snip]The book I alluded to is "Handbook of
>English costume in the seventeenth century" by C.Willett Cunnington
>and Phillis Cunnington. They wrote a whole series covering different
>periods, including contemporary quotations and illustrations. The 17c
>one has been published in the USA (Boston, Mass.: Plays, 1972, ISBN 0823801357)
>but I don't know if it's still in print.
[snip]
>Kate Bunting (Library, University of Derby)
>(King's Lifeguard of Foote, SK)
>

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 09:16:00 GMT
From:    "Chandler, Sally A." <S.A.Chandler@SHU.AC.UK>
Subject: Whaleboning

Does anyone know how flexible / rigid, real whalebone or baleen actually is
when it's new?

Best wishes,

Sally Ann Chandler
The Historical Clothing Company
s.a.chandler@shu.ac.uk

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 30 Oct 1996 20:43:37 -0800
From:    don and carolyn richardson <benrumson@WORLDNET.ATT.NET>
Subject: Re: Italian Corsets

I've found that either a corset or a reasonably stiff interlinig can
work equally well. While I make all my Italians to go over a short
corset that holds my bust up, I've also successfully worn the same
dresses without it.  And that was *without* a heavy interlining.  But I
do bone the side seams (side opening on one side) with cable ties as
bones.  This keeps the dress from bunching up around the waist since I
like longer waisted Italians.

On the other hand, I've seen Italians that were supposed to go over some
sort of stiff underwear, or that needed stiffening, and looked terrible
witout either one.  I'd say use your judgement on what you want.  I
personally like a corset because I don't have to wash the dresses so
often, and I think it holds my breasts better (36D with a small back).

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 08:15:26 -0500
From:    Gary Stephens <garys@FLEXNET.COM>
Subject: Re: Cloth of Gold

Cassandra wrote:

>        When was cloth of gold first used?

        According to an article by Cole Cioran, published in the August
Ursus, a newsletter I produce, cloth of gold was first used:

"        The first appearance of cloth of gold is difficult to date.
Surviving examples have been found in China as early as the 4th century
A.D., but the first surviving examples appearing in the west seem to
coincide with the opening of trade with China in the 13th century . "

>Was it in minor decoration or major
>parts of clothing?  I seem to remember a reference to a cotehardie bi-coloured
>using velvet and cloth of silver.

        It was both a woven fabric, that is, woven with actual gold thread
and coloured textile warp, as well as a gold leafing process, which was the
down-and-dirty form. If you would like a copy of that issue of Ursus, I
would be pleased to send you a back issue for an SASE. I have only about
six copies of that issue left. Write me under private e-mail.

Lorina J. Stephens
author of _Touring the Giant's Rib_ & _Credit River Valley_
http://web.idirect.com/~canuck/stephens/stephen.html
------------------------------------------------------------
assistant editor, art director
Maple Syrup Simmering
http://web.idirect.com/~canuck/canzine.html

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 08:18:23 -0500
From:    Kelly A Rinne <rinneka@UCUNIX.SAN.UC.EDU>
Subject: Re: Whaleboning

It is identical to your own finger nail.




On Thu, 31 Oct 1996, Chandler, Sally A. wrote:

> Does anyone know how flexible / rigid, real whalebone or baleen actually is
> when it's new?
>
> Best wishes,
>
> Sally Ann Chandler
> The Historical Clothing Company
> s.a.chandler@shu.ac.uk
>

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 08:42:00 -0500
From:    Susan Evans <woofie@CAPITAL.NET>
Subject: Re: Cloth of Gold

The book "Renaissance Dress in Italy 1400-1500" by Jacqueline Herald, part
of the History of Dress series from Humanities Press has a chapter on
cloth of gold.  They date to early 15th century in Italy.
  Also contained in this chapter is information on other textiles that
incorporated gold thread embellishment in the weaving process.

Sue Evans

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 08:07:57 -0600
From:    Gunnora Hallakarva <gunnora@BGA.COM>
Subject: Fiber Arts Mailing Lists

Heilsa, All.

Attached is some useful information I received from another mailing list today:
=======================================
From: Ron Parker <rbparker@henning.cfa.org>
Subject: List of Fiber Lists

Here's the latest incarnation of the List of Fiber-related Mailing lists.
Please let me know of any changes, additions, or deletions that should be
made.

FIBER-RELATED LISTS - 10/29/96 version

Ashford-Spinners (mostly Ashford wheels) - e-mail to majordomo@bolis.com
with anything in Subject: and either 'subscribe ashford-spinners' or
'subscribe ashford-spinners-digest' as the message, or subscribe on line at
www.bolis.com  Susan Druding owner, druding@delphi.com or
ashford-spinning-owner@bolis.com

A Thing for String (fibers, beads) A moderated newsletter from user
submissions, which will include personal ads.  e-mail to
Shopper@craftwolf.com to be placed on the mailing list.  Include the
following in your message.
Your Full name:
Business Name :
E-Mail Address where to send ATFS:
Where did you learn about A THING FOR STRING:
Indicate your choices to be on the list for:
All subjects, Fiber & Yarns, Spinning & Weaving, Supplies: Beads & Jewelry,
Spinning & Weaving, Machine Knitting, Sewing & Serging, OTHER CRAFTS:
(list), YOUR PERSONAL WISH LIST includes: (like a bridal registry list of
gift to you things)

Beads (beading, beadmaking) e-mail to  BeadInfo@craftwolf.com
indicating your preference for the Beads-list or Beads digest format.
Wheat Carr owner,  WanderingWolf@Craftwolf.com, Wheat@craftwolf.com    CIS:
71774,3401

Cards-L (tablet weaving list, with an SCA emphasis) - e-mail to
listproc@frank.mtsu.edu with 'SUB CARDS-L YOUR_FIRST_NAME YOUR_LAST_NAME'
as the message or on line at http://www.mtsu.edu/~kgregg/SCA/cards.html
Kendall Gregg owner,  AKA Ronane Blackwell, kgregg@frank.mtsu.edu or
ronane@kgregg.mtsu.edu

Crafts-L (general hobby crafts with some fiber stuff) - e-mail to
listserv@bigvax.alfred.edu with subscribe Crafts-L as the message. The list
owner is coombs@BIGVAX.ALFRED.EDU.

Crochet-L (crochet list) e-mail to majordomo@ml.rpmdp.com
with 'subscribe crochet' as the message. Deb Arrowood owner, craftyd@prolog.net

CrochetPartners-L (crochet list) e-mail to Majordomo@lists.teleport.com with
'subscribe crochetpartners-l Your Real Name and Email Address' or
'subscribe crochetpartners-l-digest Your Real Name and Email Address' as
the message. Rae French owner, rfrench@teleport.com

Feltmakers (felting list) e-mail to majordomo@maillist.PEAK.ORG with
'subscribe feltmakers' as the message. Patricia Spark owner, spark@peak.org

FiberNet (fiber arts and crafts in general) e-mail to majordomo@bolis.com
with 'subscribe fibernet' or 'subscribe fibernet-digest' as the message or
on line at www.bolis.com  Ron Parker owner, rbparker@henning.cfa.org or
fibernet-owner@bolis.com

Knitting  (more off-topic chatty than KnitList) e-mail to
majordomo@ml.rpmdp.com with 'subscribe knitting' as the message.  Rob
McKenzie owner, rmckenzi@rpmdp.com

Knit (the big knitting list) e-mail to listserv@geom.umn.edu with
'subscribe knit' as the message.  Amy B. Detjen owner, abdetjen@mmm.com or
abdetjen@winternet.com

KnitDesign (knit sizing and design, fairly technical)  Teri Pittman is the
owner. At present, it is an automated list for mailing, but Teri manually
adds and unsubscribes people.  Anyone interested in being added to the list
should write to Teri at tpittman@xws.com."  Important Note: post messages
to KnitDesign@xws.com - the uppercase K and D are needed.

Lace (lacemaking) e-mail to Majordomo@panix.com with 'subscribe lace Your
Real Name and Email Address' or 'subscribe lace-digest Your Real Name and
Email Address' as the message. owner-lace@panix.com

Machine-Knit (machine knitting) e-mail to machine-knit-request@nyx.net or,
for the digest version, machine-knit-d-request@nyx.net, with the word
'subscribe' as the Subject:  Amy Stinson owner, amys@iquest.net

Plastic Canvas (P-C needle arts) e-mail to majordomo@ml.rpmdp.com with
subscribe plastic-canvas or subscribe plastic-canvas-digest as the message.
Cheryl Perkins owner,  victoria@rpmdp.com.

Quiltart (quilting) e-mail to  majordomo@quilt.net with
subscribe quiltart or subscribe quiltart-digest as the message.
Judy Smith owner,  judy@quilt.net

Rabbits (lots of show, but some fiber)  The rabbit email newsletter is
Showbunny@aol.com  Subscribers just email to there and ask to be added on.
A large number of Angora Rabbit folks are on the list.

Sewing (all sew topics) e-mail to majordomo@pobox.com with 'subscribe
sewinglist' or 'subscribe sewinglist-digest' as the message. Julie Page
owner,  owner-sewinglist@pobox.com or jkpage@inil.com

sheep-L (sheep husbandry, health, wool, etc.) e-mail to
listserv@listserv.uu.se with 'subscribe sheep-L' as the message.  Torbjorn
Wictorin owner,  Torbjorn.wictorin@itd.uu.se or
torbjorn.wictorin@udac.uu.se

Tabletweaving (tablet weaving) e-mail to majordomo@bolis.com with
'subscribe tabletweaving' or 'subscribe tabletweaving-digest' as the
message or on line at www.bolis.com  Ron Parker owner - on behalf of TWIST
(Tablet Weavers International Studies and Techniques), formerly called
TWINE. rbparker@henning.cfa.org or tabletweaving-owner@bolis.com

Tapestry (tapestry) e-mail to majordomo@ncn.com with 'subscribe tapestry'
as the message.  Kathe Todd-Hooker owner,  spider@mail.ncn.com (for any
list problems) or kathe <spider@ncn.com> for other matters.

TechKnit (on-topic knitting and spinning discussion) e-mail to
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techknit-digest' as the message.  Lois Baker owner, gypsy@magicnet.net

Wearable Art (garments, dyeing, treatments etc.) e-mail to
Majordomo@embroideryclubs.com with 'subscribe wearable' or subscribe
'wearable-digest' as the message.  Timothy E. Larson owner,
owner-wearable@embroideryclubs.com

Weaving (mostly weaving) e-mail to majordomo@quilt.net with 'subscribe
weaving' or 'subscribe weaving-digest' as the
messsage.  Amy Norris manager AmyFibre@aol.com
===============================
Wassail,
::GUNNORA::


Gunnora Hallakarva
Herskerinde
===========================================
Ek eigi visa (th)ik hversu o(dh)lask Lofstirrlauf-Kruna
heldr hversu na Hersis-A(dh)al

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 10:06:16 -0500
From:    Susan Carroll-Clark <sclark@CHASS.UTORONTO.CA>
Subject: Re: corsets

Greetings!

Dawn said,
>I'm using the term corset to mean a foundation garment that is supplemented
>with more than fabric- i.e. reeds, boning, busks, etc.  I do agree
>that a foundation bodice of stiff fabric was used, as the one Eleanora was
> buried in.

OK, we're on the same page, because that's what I was referring to
when I said that 16th century Italian women wore "corsets".  (I, too, have
not found any references to boned Italian corsets--just the "pair of bodies"
like those found with Eleanor's burial garments.  (This isn't my
primary period of interest, however--I just dabble in the 16th century).

By the way, Dawn, I'm looking forward to seeing your dress at some point.
I LOVE that dress!

Cheers--
Susan Carroll-Clark
(Nicolaa de Bracton in the SCA)
sclark@chass.utoronto.ca

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 08:53:45 -0800
From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Re: 19th c. Hair - New book!

EGerds@AOL.COM wrote:
>
> In a message dated 96-10-24 09:17:57 EDT, dloberger@ESRI.COM (Dale Loberger)
> writes:
>
> << I just got a notice from Harper House that, among other things, a new
>  book entitled "The Techniques of Ladies  Hairdressing of the 19th. C."
>  is available.  It is subtitled, "A compilation of original 19th c.
>  sources by Mark Campbell and Mons. A. Mallemont, edited by Jules &
>  Kaethe Kliot."
>   >>
>
> Jules & Kaethe run Lacis and they are the publishers of this book.  You can
> get it from them as well as Harper House and AlterYears.  (It came into the
> store last week and looks great!)
>
> Liz Gerds

The information from Mark Campbell on hairdressing is also contained in
CIVIL WAR LADIES   available from
fsbks@mcn.org

~!~ R.L. Shep

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 09:55:57 PST
From:    DGC3%Rates%FAR@GO50.COMP.PGE.COM
Subject: Re: Cunningtons

The Cunnington "Handbooks" for various centuries have been out of print
for years, as far as I know. The books turn up very rarely in used
bookstores. I've seen only a couple in the ten years I have been costume
booking, and they were about $60 each at Black Oak in Berkeley four years
ago. The Cunningtons also did books on dress for marriages, burials, and
christenings, and on working class dress. Plus a charming little
essay called "The Perfect Lady," with color photographs.

Another author deserving reprint, IMHO, is R. Turner Wilcox, whose books
on "Hats and Headresses" and "Shoes" were printed 50 years ago on
war-rationed paper. Her costume books are widely available in paperback,
especially for art students, but the accessories seem overlooked.

M. Channing Linthicum's "Costumes in Plays of Shakespeare and His
Contemporaries" is another out-of-print gem. And the charming books by the
woman whose collection is now at Bath.

Perhaps Mr. Shep can advise whom we might lobby for reprints? Is it a
problem with estates owning the rights to reprinting?

Danine

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Danine Cozzens                  Internet: dgc3@pge.com
Phone: 415/973-1388
Pacific Gas and Electric Company        San Francisco, CA
------------------------------------------------------------------------



Subject: Cunningtons

New Text Item:  1630s suit/Cunningtons
Does anyone know if these books are still in print?  I'd like to get a hold of
the 19th C one.  Thank you!

Stacey
stacey_weinberger@wadsworth.com

__________ Reply Separator _________________________________
Subject: 1630s suit/Cunningtons
Author:  K.M.Bunting@derby.ac.uk @ BelmontSMTP at NOTES_DIRECTORY
Date:    10/29/96 6:23 PM

 The book I alluded to is "Handbook of
English costume in the seventeenth century" by C.Willett Cunnington
and Phillis Cunnington. They wrote a whole series covering different
periods, including contemporary quotations and illustrations. The 17c
one has been published in the USA (Boston, Mass.: Plays, 1972, ISBN
0823801357)
but I don't know if it's still in print.

Kate Bunting (Library, University of Derby)
(King's Lifeguard of Foote, SK)

 -----------------------------

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 13:27:21 -0600
From:    Silvestre Garcia <sgarcia@INFOSEL.NET.MX>
Subject: Please remove

If this is the right way, please remove sgarcia@infosel.net.mx to the list.
If it isnt, please tell me what can I do to remove.
Thanks.
Yolis

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 11:37:55 -0800
From:    Frances Grimble <lavolta@BEST.COM>
Subject: Cunningtons

Don't mean to put Danine on the spot but--although out-of-print costume
books in general are not that easy to come by, the Cunnington handbooks
can definitely be found.  They were prolific authors, and also worked
with Alan Mansfield.  I see various ones relatively often . . . I have a
number, all bought used except the large book on 19th-century costume
which was reprinted by Dover.  (I bought their underwear book, also
reprinted by Dover, in the original edition.)  Obviously, to buy them
you need to keep in touch with booksellers that sell used costume books.
 Such as Black Oak Books in Berkeley which Danine mentioned (they had
several Cunnington books when I was there a couple months ago) and Fred
Struthers' mail-order catalog.

Fran Grimble
http://www.best.com/~lavolta/dance/index.htm

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 11:59:01 -0800
From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Cunningtons/reprints, etc

DGC3%Rates%FAR@GO50.COMP.PGE.COM wrote:
>
> The Cunnington "Handbooks" for various centuries have been out of print
> for years, as far as I know. The books turn up very rarely in used
> bookstores.
>
> Perhaps Mr. Shep can advise whom we might lobby for reprints? Is it a
> problem with estates owning the rights to reprinting?
>
> Danine
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Danine Cozzens                  Internet: dgc3@pge.com
> Phone: 415/973-1388
> Pacific Gas and Electric Company        San Francisco, CA
> -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
According tothe old copyright laws, they ran 26 + 26 years (if
renewed).  The new ones since the late 80s run for the life of the
author + 50 years (automatically).

I agree that Wilcox deserves reprinting  - as does  Cunnington.  One of
the Cunnington books was reprinted by Dover because the authors &/or
their estate did not renew the copyright.   But there was a bit of a
stink about it. I would rather not play in that ballpark.  Therefore I
feel it is better to wait until books are clearly out of copyright and
into public domain before considering which ones should be reprinted,
which ones have enough market.  Even reprinting is expensive and it all
has to be aproached carefully.  Also I find that many older books need
additional material to make them suitable for today's readers, this is
especially true of tailoring manuals which do not have fashion
illustrations &/or where the terms are not used anymore.

I would point out to everyone that I used to have a used book business
which offered a lot of the books you are talking about on a regular
basis.  This is now owned and run by Fred Struthers.  He does a good job
and often has a lot of the books you mention for sale at reasonable
prices.  You can contact him for a catalogue at
fsbks@mcn.orgs
and to put it like Fran Grimble and other do: I have no financial stake
in that part ofhis business.  I am just glad that he had the time and
energy to take up that part of my business and continue it because I
feel it is a service that is needed by the people on this list and by
costumers, students , and researchers in these fields.

~!~ R.L. Shep

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 12:15:28 -0800
From:    Agnes Gawne <agnes_gawne@UROLOGY.UROL.WASHINGTON.EDU>
Subject: Books sadly out of print

REPLY:                Books sadly out of print                     10/31/96

10-31-96 Danine Cozzens said:
--------------------------------------
The Cunnington "Handbooks" for various centuries have been out of print
for years, as far as I know. The books turn up very rarely in used
bookstores. ...   <clipped>
... And the charming books by the woman whose collection is now at Bath.
--------------------
Two of those books are called :"Lady of Fashion" and "Child of Fashion" both
by Doris Langley Moore.  They are lovely books of photos of famous actors,
dancers, ladies of society, etc.  posed in period appropriate settings
wearing garments from her vintage costume collection (spanning 1800-1920).
Unfortunately, they were printed before the advent of affordable color
printing (late 40's early 50's) so all but the frontispieces are black and
white.  Luckily, she describes the colors and detail of each garment on the
facing page.  She has a wonderful way with words so you don't miss the color
too much.

I have those two, I don't know if there were others.  I have never seen them
anywhere except when I bought them (and I am often in used book stores).  If
anyone wants more information about these books I can look it up at home
(they never leave my house).

If you are interested in rare and old costume books you should get them if
you ever see them.

Agnes Gawne
Seattle, Washington, USA

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 16:39:06 -0400
From:    Joy Pye-MacSwain <jkpyemac@CYCOR.CA>
Subject: Re: Orvus

Afternoon:

>Orvus is Proctor and Gamble's brand name for the product.  I do not know if it
>is available outside the U.S.

It is available here in Canada through the International Gilders' Supplies,
Ottawa, Ont. and costs $18 Can. for a liter.
>
>with its weight.  I paid $20 US for it, which a co-worker said is a bit
>expensive for California.

Given the exchange rates that would be about $14 US if you ordered from
Canada but then once you added in the shipping costs (which for me are about
$9 Can)..... sounds to me like your costs are about the same as mine....:)
Anyone else have a cheaper source???

Joy/ Elyene of Lochcarron

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 14:27:31 -0800
From:    Frances Grimble <lavolta@BEST.COM>
Subject: Re: Cunningtons/reprints, etc

> > -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
> According tothe old copyright laws, they ran 26 + 26 years (if
> renewed).  The new ones since the late 80s run for the life of the
> author + 50 years (automatically).

This is British copyright law?

Fran

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 15:40:41 -0800
From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Cunningtons/reprints, etc

Frances Grimble wrote:
>
> > > -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
> > According tothe old copyright laws, they ran 26 + 26 years (if
> > renewed).  The new ones since the late 80s run for the life of the
> > author + 50 years (automatically).
>
> This is British copyright law?
>
> Fran
The above is a U.S. Copyright Law but is valid in all contries signing
the copyright convention (i.e. notChina, and probably Russia, etc).  The
new law devised in the 1980s was the same for all.

What this means (in effect) is that we have to abide by the above laws
whether the book was published here or in England.

~!~ R.L. Shep

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 19:10:09 -0500
From:    Stacey_Weinberger_at_WADSWORTH.WADSWORTH@CABELSMTP.WADSWORTH.COM
Subject: Corset Alternative (was Italian Corsets)

New Text Item:  Re: Italian Corsets
Greetings all,

I have found this thread very interesting because I plan to make my next
English liveried servant's bodice with the corset "built in." What would be
better to use for the stiffening material, Pellon heavy weight stabiliser
(stands up on it's own, polyester) or heavy weight canvas (cotton).  I've used
the Pellon for my lower class bodices, but am now concerned with the cloth
breathing as I will have sleeves and a higher necked bodice therefore less
access for cooling.  Would the thick canvas still breathe?

Thanks!

Stacey
stacey_weinberger@wadsworth.com

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 16:17:13 -0800
From:    Frances Grimble <lavolta@BEST.COM>
Subject: Re: Cunningtons/reprints, etc

Robb,

My understanding (which may be wrong; I'm not an attorney) is that
British and American copyright laws and terms of protection
differ, even though we agreed to respect their laws and vice versa.  And
that reprint publication is governed by the copyright laws of the
country the work was originally published in, not the country it is
reprinted in.  Maybe some British person on h-costume can recommend a
good book (for nonattorneys) on British copyright law. . .

Fran Grimble

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 19:27:39 -0500
From:    "Penny E. Ladnier" <s0peladn@EROLS.COM>
Subject: Re: Time periods

The following are the time periods in costume history as I was taught in my
C.H. class last year.

Middle Ages: 1110-1300 A.D
Early Gothic: 1300-1400
Late Gothic:  1400-1459
Transitional:  1460-1499
Renaissance: 1500-1580
Elizabethan:  1580-1620
Cavalier: 1620-1660
Restoration:  1660-1710
Early Georgian:  1710-1760
Late Georgian:  1760-1780
Empire:  1780-1820
Romantic:  1820-1850
Crinoline:  1840-1870
Bustle:  1870-1890
Fin de Seicle (Gay Ninties):  1890-1902
Edwardian:  1902-1913
The War Years: 1914-1920
Roaring 20's: 1920-1929
Then rest are referred to by the decade names.

Penny
Penny E. Ladnier, Virginia Commonwealth University
s0peladn@erols.com
http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/2157
"If it is out there, I'll find it..."

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 20:07:47 -0500
From:    Ed Safford & Carol Kocian <aquazoo@DCEZ.COM>
Subject: Barbara Johnson Book available

        _A Lady of Fashion: Barbara Johnson's Album_, edited
by Natalie Rothstein, is still available from the publisher
in England. I hope I got the title & author right - I don't
have my copy yet! This book is a repro of fashion illustrations
and FABRIC SWATCHES collected by Barbara Johnson in the late
18th & early 19thC. It's a terrific resource.

        This book was originally published around 1989, and I
was an idiot & didn't get a copy. I had been kicking myself ever
since I heard it was out of print. But Oh, Happy Day, it's still
available! Special thanks to June Brilliant, an 18thC clothier
from New Jersey, who gave me the information.

        The publisher is Thames & Hudson. From the US, phone
011-44-171-636-5488 or fax 636-1695. I guess those calling from
England can leave off a few digits on the front end of the phone
number. Ask for Rachel Kelley. She is also reachable through
their web page, feedback section:
   http://www.thameshudson.co.uk/feedback.htm
They don't have e-mail, so phoning would be the most efficient
approach.

        The book costs 48 pounds, which works out to about $79
(this week). It can be shipped either surface or air at an additional
cost.

        Thames & Hudson books are distributed through W.W. Norton
in the US. Their web page lists lots of interesting books:
   http:/www.wwnorton.com/thames/welcome.htm
They don't have the Barbara Johnson book in stock any more, though.

*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*
This account is shared by Carol Kocian and Ed Safford. Carol can also be
e-mailed at ckocian@epe.org  Ed can be reached here.

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 19:52:13 -0500
From:    "Penny E. Ladnier" <s0peladn@EROLS.COM>
Subject: New Costume Web Page

Check out this costume web page I found this week.
http://icecube.acf-lab.alaska.edu/~fftmm1
The last character in the URL is a one.

Penny

Penny E. Ladnier, Virginia Commonwealth University
s0peladn@erols.com
http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/2157
"If it is out there, I'll find it..."

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 22:07:07 -0400
From:    Margaret Rae Carignan <mcarigna@IS2.DAL.CA>
Subject: Re: Whaleboning

On Thu, 31 Oct 1996, Chandler, Sally A. wrote:

> Does anyone know how flexible / rigid, real whalebone or baleen actually is
> when it's new?
>
I have a piece of unprocessed baliene here at home. It is fairly black,
and quite rigid. Once it is boiled (or soaked in hot water, I'm not sure
which) it supposedly softens enough to cut with a sharp knife. It is very
fibrous and shiny, and has an obvious "grain". Sadly, the piece I have is
too short to use for bones, but I hope to acquire enough more to bone a
corset with it.

My instructor tells me that, up until the 1970's, whalebone was still the
boning of choice, and was easily obtainable. Boo hoo!

Meg/Francesca

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 22:17:33 -0400
From:    Margaret Rae Carignan <mcarigna@IS2.DAL.CA>
Subject: Re: Time periods

About the names of historic periods, keep in mind that these names are
strictly for English periods - we Italian specialists get pretty tired of
being overlooked all the time, and some of us have a complex about it! We
never had a Georgian period, for instance, and our Renaissance was about
150 years before anyone else's. There's nothing that makes me smirk more
than being complemented on my "lovely Elizabethan" Italian gowns! ;)

Meg/Francesca

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 30 Oct 1996 to 31 Oct 1996
****************************************************

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Subject:  H-COSTUME Digest - 31 Oct 1996 to 1 Nov 1996
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There are 28 messages totalling 818 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. Corset Sizes
  2. nalbinding
  3. Time periods (4)
  4. Cunningtons
  5. costume sources
  6. Terms (2)
  7. Cunningtons/reprints, etc
  8. Cloth of Gold.
  9. Hoop wire (3)
 10. copyright law etc..
 11. subscribe me, please...
 12. "Horsehair braid" (2)
 13. Re[2]: copyright law etc..
 14. Copyright law (3)
 15. 20000 Years of Costume
 16. Blatant Australian Feast Plug
 17. Re. 19th C. Hair Book
 18. Vestment Exhibition in Chicago
 19. Hair styles for many periods

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 23:16:06 -0800
From:    "erin k. gault" <gaulte@ELWHA.EVERGREEN.EDU>
Subject: Corset Sizes

Hello everybody.  I was wondering if anybody knows or knows where I can
find various corset sizes from the 1860's and the 1890's.  We have to do
projects in my Statistics class and I thought it would be interesting to
compare the two decades.  I need at least thirty measurements from each
decade.  I am not sure if this is something that I can find but I'm
trying!  Thanks!

*****************************************************************
*             Erin K. Gault  Evergreen State College            *
*              e-mail: gaulte@elwha.evergreen.edu               *
*****************************************************************

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 19:26:02 +1100
From:    Melissa Hicks <meliora@MACQUARIE.MATRA.COM.AU>
Subject: Re: nalbinding

Are you extending this offer overseas ??  If so how do you want to run the
costs ??

Melissa Hicks
4 Weir Pl
HIGGINS  ACT  2615
AUSTRALIA

At 09:41 AM 18/10/96 -0400, Tess Parrish wrote:
>In case my previous postings don't show up, I repeat the information: I will
>gladly send out the 30-page folder on nalbinding to anyone who sends me an
>S-mail address (use Email).  It costs me $4 to get it all together, so I
>would appreciate this when you receive your packet.  I will print out all
>names on the Hist-Cost. list as I send them out.  Tess
>
>

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 12:18:00 BST
From:    Mrs C S Yeldham <csy20688@GGR.CO.UK>
Subject: Time periods

I'm afraid I have to disagree with some of Penny's terms!  I'm working
strictly from an English point of view.


Penny wrote:

>The following are the time periods in costume history as I was taught in my
>C.H. class last year.

>Middle Ages: 1110-1300 A.D
>Early Gothic: 1300-1400
>Late Gothic:  1400-1459
>Transitional:  1460-1499

These sound architectural rather than costume to me!  I certainly wouldn't
apply the term 'Gothic' to the early 15th century.  The term 'Middle Ages'
or 'medieval', surely covers from ?end of Roman Empire ?500 AD (this is very
vague to me) to the 1490s.  Late Medieval is 1300 to 1490s.  We tend to
refer to terms such as Wars of the Roses for the 1450s - 1480s.

>Renaissance: 1500-1580

The English don't really have the Renaissance until Elizabeth.  Its more
useful in relation to Italy, when 1470 - 1520 is probably the span.

Tudor           1490s - 1558

>Elizabethan:   1580-1620

Elizabethan     1558 - 1603 (well that's when she reigned!)
Jacobean        1603 - 1620

>Cavalier: 1620-1660

Surely a term which relates to the Civil War, contrasted to the contemporary
Roundhead style, so 1640-1660.  I would refer to Charles I for 1620 - 1640
(I'm not sure of his date of accession).

>Restoration:  1660-1710
>Early Georgian:  1710-1760
>Late Georgian:  1760-1780
>Empire:  1780-1820
>Romantic:  1820-1850
>Crinoline:  1840-1870
>Bustle:  1870-1890
>Fin de Seicle (Gay Ninties):  1890-1902
>Edwardian:  1902-1913
>The War Years: 1914-1920
>Roaring 20's: 1920-1929
>Then rest are referred to by the decade name

Don't know enough to query these, but they seem rather general to me - what
about William and Mary (Dutch influence after 1688) or Queen Anne?  Surely
1780 to 1820 is too broad a stretch for Empire?  I thought Empire was late
1790s - and then it's Revolutionary really?

As for other countries, why don't people post their areas of knowledge and
what they call them and we'll see if we can line them up.

Caroline

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 07:10:18 -0600
From:    Michelle Powell-Smith <c578168@SHOWME.MISSOURI.EDU>
Subject: Re: Time periods

On Fri, 1 Nov 1996, Mrs C S Yeldham wrote:

> I'm afraid I have to disagree with some of Penny's terms!  I'm working
> strictly from an English point of view.
> >Middle Ages: 1110-1300 A.D
> >Early Gothic: 1300-1400
> >Late Gothic:  1400-1459
> >Transitional:  1460-1499
>
> These sound architectural rather than costume to me!  I certainly wouldn't
> apply the term 'Gothic' to the early 15th century.  The term 'Middle Ages'
> or 'medieval', surely covers from ?end of Roman Empire ?500 AD (this is very
> vague to me) to the 1490s.  Late Medieval is 1300 to 1490s.  We tend to
> refer to terms such as Wars of the Roses for the 1450s - 1480s.

Well, while I can't say for sure about costume, in reference to art and
architecture these periods are far from correct. I wouldn't even call
1300-1490's late medieval-while 1300-1400 might be, I would call post 1400
something like "transitional"
Michelle Powell-Smith
Just an art historian with an interest in costume

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 07:27:17 -0700
From:    "Morgan E. Smith" <mesmith@FREENET.CALGARY.AB.CA>
Subject: Re: Cunningtons

The "History of Underclothes", at least, is in print. We had it in stock
recently, and expect more copies soon.
Morgan

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 09:45:21 -0500
From:    Rebecca Marler <Rlmarler@AOL.COM>
Subject: Re: costume sources

Hello Everyone ~

I am new to this list so I hope that this posts okay.

First, I am just a dabbler in costume history, my main interest being the
Elizabethan period of writing as opposed to costume. Keeping this in mind
does anyone have some recommendations for IN PRINT books that provide an
overview of costume from the 1100 to 1900. I don't have access to a costume
bookstore around here so these books would have to be ordered, hopefully,
through our local bookstores here (including Barnes and Noble). Or I can try
out local libraries including several University libraries.

Second, if anyone has some sources for the following please email me the
info. I am starting a company that provides children's period costumes for
parties and am interested in finding some seamstresses in the United States
that could provide such costumes. These are costumes in the theatrical sense
as opposed to the re-anactment sense (meaning easy off and on, and perhaps
not strict attention to detail will happen...more like historical
interpertations). The time periods I am searching for English Renaissance,
Italian Renaissance, Elizabethan; Empire; and 1800's. Any leads are welcome.

Thanks again ~
Rebecca

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 16:52:00 BST
From:    Mrs C S Yeldham <csy20688@GGR.CO.UK>
Subject: Terms

I was interested in Michelle's note.  I was taught that for convenience,
1492 (Europe - discovery of America) and 1487 (England - end of Wars of
Roses, beginning of Tudor dynasty) were the dividing dates between late
medieval and early modern history - which have more importance for the
historian than for people living at the time.  We didn't use a term like
'transitional' at all - after all, every period could be described as
transitional, and if you used it in a neutral context who would know which
period you were talking about?

I've just purchased a book called 'Standards of Living in the Late Middle
Ages', which concentrates on the 14th and 15th century - 'Standards of
Living in the Transitional Age' doesn't sound half as interesting!  Its by
Christopher Dyos BTW, and if I ever get it off my husband I gather its very
interesting!

Caroline

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 08:42:29 -0800
From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Cunningtons/reprints, etc

Frances Grimble wrote:
>
> Robb,
>
> My understanding (which may be wrong; I'm not an attorney) is that
> British and American copyright laws and terms of protection
> differ, even though we agreed to respect their laws and vice versa.  And
> that reprint publication is governed by the copyright laws of the
> country the work was originally published in, not the country it is
> reprinted in.  Maybe some British person on h-costume can recommend a
> good book (for nonattorneys) on British copyright law. . .
>
> Fran Grimble
My understanding is just the opposite (& I am not a lawyer, either).  We
have to abide by the laws of the US.  If you or I chose to reprint
something then it must be done under our law, not the law of the country
that it was originally printed in.  This is why we are so upset at
China.  People are stealing our copyrights because their law says they
can.... our law says they can't, but they work under their own laws, not
ours.

As I said earlier - all this was cleared up for most countries in the
new 80s copyright laws.... but they only apply to books printed after
that date, other works are not 'grandfathered-in'.

If someone knows more about this I too would be glad to hear about it.

~!~ R.L. Shep

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 11:09:11 -0600
From:    "Sara J. Davitt" <ophelia@GLACI.COM>
Subject: Cloth of Gold.

I just remembered, is't there referances to 'golden cloth' in the Play
_Medea_, By Euripedies?  I know there was some attatcment to the
fleece... but she sent garments of gold to jason's new wife, and she met
a rather messy end.

take Care,
Sarahj

PS, in light of all the clerical garment talk as of late, there is an
exhibit in the chicago art institute, all composed to Priestly over
garments.  It was a very interesting thing to see, starting with the
1400's, and going up the the 1700's... all that embroidery, stitching and
wire wrapped thread... wow.

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 09:07:38 -0800
From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Time periods

I think it is really interesting, all these variations......

If we are talking about English periods then why Empire?  That has to
dowith France.  I consider 1810 Regency - or Late Georgian, if we are
talking about England.

If we are talking about the US then we have to look at  Colonial,
Revolutionary, Federalist, etc.

I suppose for all of us, since the net is spread out over the world and
the world gets smaller everyday it would be best to refer to all costume
periods by date and not these labels that don't make sense to others.
(of course some cultures don't use our dating system either, but they
usually do understand and accept it).

~!~ R.L. Shep
"The same costume will be:
Indecent...10 years before its time
Shameless... 5 years before its time
Outre...1 year before its time
Smart  (in its time)
Dowdy...1 year after its time
Hideous...10 years after its time
Ridicuoous...20 years after its time
Amusing ...30 years after its time
Quaint...50 years after its time
Charming...70 years after its time
Romantic...100 years after its time
Beautiful...150 years after its time"
            James Laver

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 09:13:07 -0700
From:    Karen Lovejoy <karen.lovejoy@TXGTWY.MCIS.WASHINGTON.EDU>
Subject: Hoop wire

A friend asked me if there was any place, particularly here in Seattle where
she can get wide, about 1-2" solid metal hoop wire.  She is making a costume
for Mother Ginger in Nutcracker and needs something very strong and sturdy to
hold up the fabric and handle the hieght required.  Thanks for any help.

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 12:46:15 -0500
From:    Rebecca Marler <Rlmarler@AOL.COM>
Subject: Re: copyright law etc..

There has been a "historical" problem with books being re-printed in the U.S.
that were originally from Britain, with the authors not getting proper
compensation during their own time. For example, Georgette Heyer.

Another problem is that after so many years after an authors' death (I *think
50 years) their works are no longer protected even though an estate still
exists that is managing their affairs. For example, JRR Tolkiens works are
being published outside of his foundation and this can legally be done.
Another example, is the works of Edgar Rice Burroughs and Beatrix Potter.

For my own sake I try to buy works that are so-called "authorized" versions
as I feel that the families of the authors should be reaping some of the
money for their ancestor's works. Particularly Beatrix Potter who gave the
rights to her works to the National Trust.

When it comes to using materials out of books, if the book is out of print
and has been published over 100 years ago than you can use the art out of the
book. I think you can do this if the book is 50 years old out of print.

To check out more about trademark and copyright protection, you can view the
website with the U.S. Copyright Office. http://www.uspto.gov

What I would like to know is how does the trademark for costumes work? For
example, a design by Disney for Snow White; how is that protected since an
"idea" can't be trademarked?

Rebecca

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 12:23:30 -0800
From:    Margo Anderson <wander@HOOKED.NET>
Subject: Re: Hoop wire

At 09:13 AM 11/1/96 -0700, you wrote:
>A friend asked me if there was any place, particularly here in Seattle where
>she can get wide, about 1-2" solid metal hoop wire.  She is making a costume
>for Mother Ginger in Nutcracker and needs something very strong and sturdy to
>hold up the fabric and handle the hieght required.  Thanks for any help.
>
>I don't know if there is a commercial product designed for the purpose, but
I've used lumber banding with great success. It's the metal strapping that
comes around bundles of lumber.  It can be bought new in rolls from large
hardware stores such as Home Depot, or you can scavenge it from lumber
yards, which can be amusing -- once I asked a lumber yard if they had any
and was told I could check the dumpsters.  While I was digging through the
trash, one of the staff asked me what I used it for.  I smiled sweetly and
said  " I'm making bridesmaid's dresses!"

The same stuff is sometimes used as a  sustitute for spring steel boning,
but it's not washable and I've had it rust through the fabric and stain a
corset just from body moisture..

I've heard that for costumes in which a performer needs to takes falls or do
other dangerous manuevers, a hoopskirt can be built from 2" foam pipe
insulation.  Has anyone tried this?  How are they made?  Was it rigid enough?

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 13:19:49 -0600
From:    Darleen Annette Knittle <dknittle@TENET.EDU>
Subject: Re: subscribe me, please...

I want to subscribe again, but every time I send a message it won't let
me....are you still there?

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 14:45:15 -0500
From:    Sheridan Alder & David Webb <alderweb@VAXXINE.COM>
Subject: Re: Time periods

R.L. Shep said:
>I think it is really interesting, all these variations......

Let's face it, between "newbies" and people becoming deeply involved
in a particular discussion, this is going to be a recurring problem.
The only solution will be to keep reminding each other, hopefully
with good nature and good humour, to be specific about "where" and
"when".

>If we are talking about English periods then why Empire?  That has to
>do with France.

One of my favorite experiences was the time we visited Deerfield Village
a couple of years ago. (A site designed for mega furniture freaks by
mega furniture freaks - the interpretors appeared to know nothing else)
One interpretor proudly announced that the Empire style was the first
"American" furniture style. It was difficult to fight down the temptation
to ask "But why was it called "Empire" then? The U.S. didn't have an
empire. Wasn't it called "Empire" after the French style? Then it was
part of an international style then, eh?" Later on another interpretor
pointed out a General Wolfe punch bowl and fireback and tentatively
explained it by wondering "Maybe he was a friend of the family?" She was
much surprised when we told her Wolfe was a popular hero as a result of
his conquest of Quebec. To be fair, though, so many sites have to rely on
volunteers and students now, and so often facts become fractured as they're
transmitted through the staff.

  I consider 1810 Regency - or Late Georgian, if we are
>talking about England.

This is my particular period of interest and quandary too! (Granted, if
you wanted to be tight-assed about it, the Regency didn't really start
until 1811, when the Prince was officially appointed Regent. My apologies
- and here I am claiming to be trying to avoid nit-picking and info-
bashing! A vile hyprocite! We do War of 1812, but I'm also interested in
costume c. 1795-1815. This doesn't fit into a neat category. While
the Connoisseur Period Guides consider late Georgian to be 1760-1810(!)
and the Regency 1810-1830, I've come across sources referring to up to
1836 as "late Georgian"! So the possibilities for squabbling are endless.

>If we are talking about the US then we have to look at  Colonial,
>Revolutionary, Federalist, etc.

>I suppose for all of us, since the net is spread out over the world and
>the world gets smaller everyday it would be best to refer to all costume
>periods by date and not these labels that don't make sense to others.
>(of course some cultures don't use our dating system either, but they
>usually do understand and accept it).

I second this, but we're going to have to keep jogging each other's memory.
Pleasantly, I hope.

Sheridan Alder
------------------------------------------------------------
           Name : Sheridan Alder & David Webb
        Company : Sheridan Alder & David Webb
        Address : 145 Dalhousie Avenue
           City : St. Catharines, ON, Canada, L2N 4X6

     Home Number: (905) 935-2729
------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 13:45:38 -0600
From:    Michelle Powell-Smith <c578168@SHOWME.MISSOURI.EDU>
Subject: Re: Terms

My terms weren't necessarily canonical, because there aren't really
canonical terms...I am usually inclined to think of the
fifteenth century as being "renaissance" (in the North) and the fourteenth
century as being "Late Gothic", however, there does seem to be some
"transition" in there somewhere-perhaps especially around the end of the
fifteenth century/ beginning of the sixteenth (directly pre-reformation).
It's really difficult to categorize periods, because artists, fashions,
etc. generally continued from one to another.  In many cases, the name of
the ruler is a convenient classification-ie Elizabethan, but that is
definitely country-specific. I'm not sure there is really an answer to
this question.
Michelle Powell-Smith
wondering if she'll ever figure out these distinctions!


On Fri, 1 Nov 1996, Mrs C S Yeldham wrote:

> I was interested in Michelle's note.  I was taught that for convenience,
> 1492 (Europe - discovery of America) and 1487 (England - end of Wars of
> Roses, beginning of Tudor dynasty) were the dividing dates between late
> medieval and early modern history - which have more importance for the
> historian than for people living at the time.  We didn't use a term like
> 'transitional' at all - after all, every period could be described as
> transitional, and if you used it in a neutral context who would know which
> period you were talking about?
>
> I've just purchased a book called 'Standards of Living in the Late Middle
> Ages', which concentrates on the 14th and 15th century - 'Standards of
> Living in the Transitional Age' doesn't sound half as interesting!  Its by
> Christopher Dyos BTW, and if I ever get it off my husband I gather its very
> interesting!
>
> Caroline
>

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 11:57:04 -0800
From:    Diana Habra <dch@INREACH.COM>
Subject: "Horsehair braid"

Hello Angela,

Just an update on my advice to use "horsehair braid".  I went to the
fabric store today and picked some more up.  Being ashamed that I did
not know the actual name of the stuff, I peeked at the label and here is
what I found....

It is actually called Hair Canvas.  And as the label said, it is for
"crisp shaping".  The contents (are you ready for this?) are 57% cotton,
32% rayon, and 11% goat hair.  That's right, GOAT HAIR.

Personally, I don't want to know where they get the goat hair from.  And
even though I am a purist when it comes to recreating period costume
styles and fabrics, I realize that we have to make due with what we have
in these modern times.  I will continue to use this stuff and will
continue to spout its virtues.

One side note, though.  It says dryclean only. I hate that.

Rose

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 13:41:48 -0800
From:    Joan M Jurancich <joanj@MAIL2.QUIKNET.COM>
Subject: Re: "Horsehair braid"

At 11:57 AM 11/1/96 -0800, Rose wrote:
>Hello Angela,
>
>Just an update on my advice to use "horsehair braid".  [snip]
>It is actually called Hair Canvas.  And as the label said, it is for
>"crisp shaping".  The contents (are you ready for this?) are 57% cotton,
>32% rayon, and 11% goat hair.  That's right, GOAT HAIR.
>
>Personally, I don't want to know where they get the goat hair from. [snip]
>Rose
>

Actually, it's probably from the stiffer fibers of the mohair goat (yes,
mohair, and cashmere for that matter, come from particular goat breeds).
Both goats and sheep actually have a "double coat", with firm guard hairs
and soft underhairs (modern sheep have been bred to have few, if any, guard
hairs).  Goats and sheep are very closely related, and spinning fibers have
been collected from both for millenia.

So the only "modern" fiber in the hair canvas is rayon.

>From a spinning/weaving enthusiast,

Joan Jurancich
joanj@quiknet.com

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 17:11:26 -0500
From:    Stacey_Weinberger_at_WADSWORTH.WADSWORTH@CABELSMTP.WADSWORTH.COM
Subject: Re[2]: copyright law etc..

New Text Item:  Re: copyright law etc..
Let me understand this.  We can't (or shouldn't) discuss the administration of
the list, ie, how one gets one's own messages, but we can discuss copyright
law.  That doesn't pertain to costuming either.

What are the guidelines for "proper topics?"  I don't find either topic
offensive and find both informative and helpful as a user of this list, but
let's call a spade a spade (deck of cards) here.

Stacey


______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________
Subject: Re: copyright law etc..
Author:  Rlmarler@aol.com (Rebecca Marler) @ BelmontSMTP at NOTES_DIRECTORY
Date:    11/1/96 12:46 PM



There has been a "historical" problem with books being re-printed in the U.S.
that were originally from Britain, with the authors not getting proper
compensation during their own time. For example, Georgette Heyer.
Another problem is that after so many years after an authors' death (I
*think
50 years) their works are no longer protected even though an estate still
exists that is managing their affairs. For example, JRR Tolkiens works
are
being published outside of his foundation and this can legally be done. Another
example, is the works of Edgar Rice Burroughs and Beatrix Potter. For my own
sake I try to buy works that are so-called "authorized"
versions
as I feel that the families of the authors should be reaping some of the money
for their ancestor's works. Particularly Beatrix Potter who gave
the
rights to her works to the National Trust.
When it comes to using materials out of books, if the book is out of
print
and has been published over 100 years ago than you can use the art out of
the
book. I think you can do this if the book is 50 years old out of print. To
check out more about trademark and copyright protection, you can view
the
website with the U.S. Copyright Office. http://www.uspto.gov
What I would like to know is how does the trademark for costumes work?
For
example, a design by Disney for Snow White; how is that protected since
an
"idea" can't be trademarked?
Rebecca

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 15:19:53 -0800
From:    Frances Grimble <lavolta@BEST.COM>
Subject: Copyright law

Stacey,

We got onto the copyright topic because someone suggested reprinting
British costume books.  Robb and I both work in publishing.  I was
taking the suggestion under serious consideration and I think Robb might
have been doing so also.  But of course neither of us would wish to do
anything illegal or unethical.  I was hoping for information from a
British attorney, which is hard to get in the US.  But you are right, a
discussion of copyright law does not belong on the h-costume list.  Any
attorneys who have free advice (also hard to get!) are welcome to
contact me directly.

Fran Grimble
http://www.best.com

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 19:31:56 -0400
From:    Margaret Rae Carignan <mcarigna@IS2.DAL.CA>
Subject: Re: Hoop wire

While I do not consider it ideal, metal packing strapping can be used for
hoops in a pinch, and is easily available everywhere. If skirts are very
heavy or wide, more than one layer of strapping will be needed in each
channel. Such a hoop will tend tobe heavy. Much preferable is the plastic
hoop wire available from Greenberg & Hammer in New York (toll-free
1-800-955-5135), a roll of which is 12 yards, and cost $9.85 in their 1994
catalogue. One roll is usually enough for a Spanish farthingale (moderate
hoop skirt).

Meg/Francesca

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 19:37:37 -0500
From:    Stacey_Weinberger_at_WADSWORTH.WADSWORTH@CABELSMTP.WADSWORTH.COM
Subject: Re: Copyright law

New Text Item:  Copyright law
But I do think the topic of copyright law belongs on h-costume, because it
effects costuming books, especially those ones that are out-of-print we would
so dearly want to have republished!  It might affect someone who wants to makes
copies to distribute, a la as Falconwood Press or reprint them a la Shep..

I was making a point.  Some non-specific costuming topies DO belong on
h-costume.  Deciding which ones is another matter.  I leave that up to the
discretion of the list owner.

Stacey (who also works in book publishing)


______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________
Subject: Copyright law
Author:  lavolta@BEST.COM (Frances Grimble) @ BelmontSMTP at NOTES_DIRECTORY
Date:    11/1/96 3:19 PM



Stacey,
We got onto the copyright topic because someone suggested reprinting
British costume books.  Robb and I both work in publishing.  I was
taking the suggestion under serious consideration and I think Robb might have
been doing so also.  But of course neither of us would wish to do anything
illegal or unethical.  I was hoping for information from a British attorney,
which is hard to get in the US.  But you are right, a discussion of copyright
law does not belong on the h-costume list.  Any
attorneys who have free advice (also hard to get!) are welcome to
contact me directly.
Fran Grimble
http://www.best.com

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 12:01:04 +1100
From:    Wendy Purcell <stilskin@NETSPACE.NET.AU>
Subject: 20000 Years of Costume

I have just stumbled across a copy of A History of Costume in the West,
the book also published as 20,000 Years of Fashion, by Thames and Hudson.

So what? Well, this is a new issue in soft cover, full size, un-abridged,
and at almost half the price of the hardcover.


-CHRISTOPHER BALLIS

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 17:03:34 -0800
From:    Frances Grimble <lavolta@BEST.COM>
Subject: Re: Copyright law

Stacey,

There are indeeed official guidelines for what topics are suitable to
discuss on h-costume.  I no longer have a copy of them since I switched
computers and mail systems.  However, I believe the guidelines say the
list focus on historic costume.  Not on other types of sewing, or
on reenactment in general, or on other peripherally related topics.  If
you also have lost your guidelines, I would suggest contacting Suzanne
Hader, the list owner.  Her address is smh@cs.brown.edu.

As for reprints of costume books, even if a book is still covered by
copyright that does not prevent its being reprinted, provided the
publisher gets permission from and compensates the copyright owner.  The
real issue is whether the reprint will make money after all the printing
and marketing expenses.  The opinions of list members on what
costume books they are longing to see reprinted might be an appropriate
topic.  But I honestly do not believe a discussion of copyright law in
general is appropriate.  Particularly since I don't think anyone other
than an attorney can give reliable information.

Fran Grimble

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 12:13:46 +1100
From:    Wendy Purcell <stilskin@NETSPACE.NET.AU>
Subject: Blatant Australian Feast Plug

Blatant Australian Feast Plug

The Australian Costumers' Guild presents

THE LONDON LOWLIFE'S FEAST,

Saturday, 15th February, 1997, 6:30pm, $26 per head includes full meal,
BYO alcohol. St Brigid's Hall, corner of Nicholson Street and Alexander
Avenue, North Fitzroy, Victoria.

Join the Australian Costumers' Guild in celebrating the home of Jack the
Ripper, Sweeny Todd, Oliver Twist, and Dracula's last stand (before all
the sequels).

Thrill to the exploits of destitute Jane Austen heroines, join lovely
ladies slumming it, or search out a busty wench to buy an orange or two.

Looking for that right cotume idea? You might try Charles Dickens, Fanny
by Gaslight, My Fair Lady, Hammer horror movies, Sherlock Holmes, Jekyll
& Hyde, or HG Wells.

What about Upstairs Downstairs, Flashman, Carmilla Karnstein, and Dick
Turpin (just visiting)? Places like Soho, smells like the fish market
(just kidding)...

The London Lowlife's Feast, February 15th, Melbourne.

For more information, contact the Australian Costumer's Guild at P.O. Box
322, Bentleigh, 3204; Tel. (03)9557 7088; E-mail. stilskin@netspace.net.au

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 02:39:43 GMT
From:    Mary <temple@GLOBALNET.CO.UK>
Subject: Re. 19th C. Hair Book

Does anyone have an address for Lacis (snail or E) or anywhere I could order
"The Techniques of Ladies Hairdressing of the 19th c." to be sent to me here
in the UK. I would be able to pay by US dollar cheque (check?)

Thanks

Mary
temple@globalnet.co.uk

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 21:26:34 -0600
From:    Kathy Whisler <kwhisler@RPSLMC.EDU>
Subject: Re: Vestment Exhibition in Chicago

The vestment exhibit at the Art Institute of Chicago that Sarah Davitt
described will be up until January 12.  I agree with her-- it has some
really beautiful and interesting things in it.  As she mentioned, the
objects are well-lit and most of them are not behind glass.  It is a good
opportunity to look at the actual textiles up close:  there is an embossed
wool "velvet" as well as embossed satin (16th cent), fabulous voided
velvets with gold looped pile, a 17th century surplice that is so
elaborately pleated it would make Fortuny envious, many examples of opus
anglicanum, and a German altarpiece (16th cent. if memory serves) with
three-dimensional stuffed embroidered figures-- like 17th cent.
stumpwork, but richer.  I could go on, but it must be seen to really be
appreciated.

The earliest object I noticed was German white on white embroidery from
1300/1310, the most recent object is a handwoven cope from 1975:
something for everyone.

Textile-geeking again,
Katharine

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 1 Nov 1996 20:04:58 PST
From:    Venus Envy <goddess@WONDERLAND.COM>
Subject: Hair styles for many periods

I'm looking for sources for styling *long* hair
for all the periods I re-enact in - 1560-1950.
I've mostly dealt with the issue by hiding my hair
before, but I'm trying to keep the look more complete -
I'm especially having a hard time with the 1920's - 50's
when shorter hair was fashionable... I *know* some women
kept their hair full length and just made it look shorter
somehow.

Any sources - all sources - would be wonderful.  I can
rarely find more than pictures - I need instructions too !

Maybe I'll just start collecting notes and publish my own...


-heather meadows

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 31 Oct 1996 to 1 Nov 1996
***************************************************

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There are 11 messages totalling 347 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. American Civil War
  2. HELP!!! (2)
  3. Costume interest
  4. Time periods
  5. Jude the Obscure
  6. 1753 gown in "Piecework" and miser's purses
  7. Hair styles for many periods
  8. Chatelaine book, was Re: 1753 gown in "Piecework" and miser's purses
  9. Time periods (long)
 10. leather source

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 23:46:25 +1100
From:    Greg & Jocelyn House <house@MACQUARIE.MATRA.COM.AU>
Subject: American Civil War

I am what I believe is usually described as a 'newby' to the Historical
costume list.  I live in Canberra, Australia and am involved in historical
reenactment mainly through several live steel groups, concentrating on two
periods - early Viking particularly those from Iceland and also late 15th,
early 16th century Italian.

However I am also involved in the Costumers' Guild here and am interested
in recreating costumes from the period of the American Civil War.  While
there are many excellent texts on military aspects of the War available
here I have not come across any that cover the clothing of the period.  My
interests tend to lie with the costume of the northern states though I have
friends who are also interested in those of the southern states.

Does anyone have any recommendations on useful texts in this area?

Thank you.

Jocelyn House

5 Hensman St
Latham ACT 2615
AUSTRALIA

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 11:35:06 -0800
From:    "b." <ba085@LAFN.ORG>
Subject: HELP!!!

We're staging a "community television" Dickens-style Christmas presentation
(skits and musical numbers).  Does anyone know of inexpensive (okay, REALLY
cheap!) sources for men's and women's Dickens period (i.e. Christmas Carol)
top hats, cut-away coats, etc.?  All sources appreciated, pref. with some
idea of price as we have (as usual) no real budget to speak of *sigh*
Thanks and best of the season's wishes!
Bill Dean

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 11:38:21 -0800
From:    Wayne Johnson <johnson100@ANDORRA-C.IT.EARTHLINK.NET>
Subject: Costume interest

I have been reading H-Costume for several months now. Everyone seems so
knowledgable.

I just wonder what got you started or interested in historical costumes, and
what you do with them after they are made?


Wayne
johnson100@earthlink.net

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 18:52:49 -0500
From:    Kirk Albrecht M311 <M311@AOL.COM>
Subject: Re: Time periods

What about the Victorian age?  What dates would you give it?
Kellym311@aol.com

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 17:19:21 -0800
From:    Kendra Van Cleave <bambi@RESORT.COM>
Subject: Jude the Obscure

so i went to see Jude (the movie version of Jude the Obscure), and of
course, as we all are, was completelly inspired by the costuming of the
film, and have decided i HAVE to have a dress a la Kate Winslet's in the
movie.

it appears the period of the movie is the late 1880s; the dresses are
definitely lower middle class to working class.  anyways, i have a couple
of questions:

1. it looked like she was not wearing a bustle, and from what i've read of
the period, at the end of this decade bustles went out of fashion for a
few years.  it looked to me like she was wearing a pettiocoat which had
the fullness gathered in back, and the same with her skirt.  is this
correct?  am i interpreting this right?

2. are the skirts of this period gored?  it seemed like they were -- from
what i could tell, they were pretty flat in front and had the fullness in
pleats at the back.  is this right?

3. the bodices were square necked and came down low on the hips -- should
the bodice be longer in the back?  is it usual for the bodices to close in
front or in back, or does it vary?

any other suggestions or pointers would be much appreciated!

thanks,

Kendra Van Cleave
bambi@resort.com

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 21:10:13 -0500
From:    Sheridan Alder & David Webb <alderweb@VAXXINE.COM>
Subject: 1753 gown in "Piecework" and miser's purses

Greetings all:
There's an article in the magazine "Piecework" on the Eliza Lucas
Pinckney sacque. I believe it's been referred to in a couple of
costume books. She raised the silk herself in South Carolina, and
had the fabric woven in England. A front and back view of the gown
in included. There's also an article on "The Ingenious Miser's
Purse" in the same issue (Nov/Dec 1996) including a 1887 crochet
pattern. (Oh for a Regency pattern!)

I have no connection with this publication, but I've been keeping an
eye on it at my local magazine shop. It seemed like a likely source
for history and "how-to" articles that would be useful for costume
and accessories. The "Books in Review" section contained "Chatelaines:
Utility to Glorious Extravagance", by Genevieve E. Cummins and
Nerylla D. Taunton. Antique Collectors Clus, Suffok, England, distributed
by Lacis, 3163 Adeline St., Berkeley, CA 94703, 1994. Hardbound, 311 pages,
$69.50. ISBN 1-85148-206-2. Has anyone out there examined this book?
I'm interested in "Regency" accessories, although it's my understanding
that they were out of style, except for "ribbon" chatelaines worn by
the labouring classes.

Re: the "Victorian Age" - wouldn't that be the period of her reign, 1837-
1901 (???) I'm too lazy to verify that that right now.

Good night!

Sheridan
------------------------------------------------------------
           Name : Sheridan Alder & David Webb
        Company : Sheridan Alder & David Webb
        Address : 145 Dalhousie Avenue
           City : St. Catharines, ON, Canada, L2N 4X6

     Home Number: (905) 935-2729
------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 19:17:03 -0800
From:    Margo Anderson <wander@HOOKED.NET>
Subject: Re: Hair styles for many periods

At 08:04 PM 11/1/96 PST, you wrote:
 -
>I'm especially having a hard time with the 1920's - 50's
>when shorter hair was fashionable... I *know* some women
>kept their hair full length and just made it look shorter
>somehow.
>
>
Hi Heather!

My sister is the Art Deco period enthusiast in our family, and she tells me
that during the 1920's and 30's, many women, especially in Europe, didn't
bob their hair, but simply set the front in waves and rolled the back into a
chignon, French twist, or figure 8.

The "Marcel waves" in the front can be achieved by wetting the hair down
with hairspray, clipping it into place, and blow drying, then wetting it
again, drying again, untill you acheive a rock-hard state.  It feels
disgusting but looks totally period.  I managed to make my shoulder length,
layered hair look 30's this way.

Why don't you come over the hill some evening and we'll play beauty parlor?

Margo Anderson

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 19:11:46 -0800
From:    Joan M Jurancich <joanj@MAIL2.QUIKNET.COM>
Subject: Chatelaine book, was Re: 1753 gown in "Piecework" and miser's purses

>Date: Sat, 02 Nov 1996 19:15:52
>To: Sheridan Alder & David Webb <alderweb@VAXXINE.COM>
>From: Joan M Jurancich <joanj@mail2.quiknet.com>
>Subject: Chatelaine book, was Re: 1753 gown in "Piecework" and miser's purses
>
>At 09:10 PM 11/2/96 -0500, Sheridan Alder & David Webb wrote:
>>Greetings all:
>[snip] The "Books in Review" section contained "Chatelaines:
>>Utility to Glorious Extravagance", by Genevieve E. Cummins and
>>Nerylla D. Taunton. Antique Collectors Clus, Suffok, England, distributed
>>by Lacis, 3163 Adeline St., Berkeley, CA 94703, 1994. Hardbound, 311 pages,
>>$69.50. ISBN 1-85148-206-2. Has anyone out there examined this book?
>>I'm interested in "Regency" accessories, although it's my understanding
>>that they were out of style, except for "ribbon" chatelaines worn by
>>the labouring classes.
>[snip]
>
>I have a copy of this book.  It is marvelous! The authors are very clear
about when the word "chatelaine" started to describe waist-hung accessories
(c. 1838-9).  But they start in Chapter 1 by describing waist-hung
accessories from c.2000 B.C.E. to 1600; Chapter 2 covers the 16th & 17th
centuries; Chapter 3 the 18th (the first good collection of color plates of
actual! accessories).  Chapter 4 is "The evolution of the true chatelaine,
1800-1840".  Later chapters continue the decades until the 20th century.
All in all, it's a VERY good reference book, with LOTS of CLEAR PICTURES of
the real things, not just blurry photographs.
>
>Good hunting,
>
>
Joan Jurancich
joanj@quiknet.com

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 22:21:25 -0500
From:    "Penny E. Ladnier" <s0peladn@EROLS.COM>
Subject: Re: Time periods (long)

At 06:52 PM 11/2/96 -0500, you wrote:
>What about the Victorian age?  What dates would you give it?
>Kellym311@aol.com
>
When in London I kept asking this same question.  The best answer I got was
from the chair of fashion dept. and the curator of the Bath Museum of
Costume, which was:
1837 (or 38) to 1901.  The Victorian Era ran through several costume/fashion
periods, the end of Romantic, Crinoline, Bustle and Fin de Seicle.
But...
I was dicussing costume time periods with Dr. Tara Maginnis, head costume
instructor at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks.  The following are her
comments regarding costume time periods:

For example "Georgian", like "Victorian", is
purely a distinction of a time period set by monarch's reigns in
England, and is consequently technically irrelevant to all of costume
history which did not occur on that little island.  Dates used for
"Rennaisance" are also country-based, and dependent on a distinction
used by art historians.  The Renaissance in Italy is over 100 years
before the Northern European Renaissance, which in terms of art history,
slightly predates the "English Renaissance".  Then there is the thorny
topic of "The Middle Ages" and "The Dark Ages"  two perjorative terms
used by Italian Renaissance folks to essentially write off all the art
made "in the middle" ages between the Classical age and it's "rebirth"
or Renaissance.  And of course, this whole discussion is even narrow in
that it only pays attention to what Europe is doing.  So the
possibilities for coming up with a subjective grouping of "periods" is
endless.  There are some time periods where Western European Rich
people's clothes stay essentially stable for a big stretch of time like
Women's dress in the "Empire" period, or the 1980's, where for over a
decade the rate of major fashion change is extremely slow.  There are
others like the 1700-1780's where the changes are so gradual and even
that you can draw them on a chart of "evolution", and fancy you have
discovered a Darwinian theory of fashion.  However, there are so many
fun "transition periods" (ie. total chaos)like the French Revolution,
WWI, and the 1970's, plus periods where what is worn in Spain bears as
little relation ship to what is worn in Italy, or England or Poland,
that it amazes me that any intelligent person ever has the temerity to
declare any fixed timeline of even Western costume history.  In a class
syllibus, of course, one has to divide things up, simply in order to
conduct a coherent slide lecture; but I make a point with my classes to
let them know that these distinctions are merely my interpretation and
not some kind of absract truth.  Of course, most costume history classes
center around teaching students vocabulary and "period" by rote,
expecting students to spit out the same vocabulary lists and periods
that the teacher handed out as Xeroxes at the beginnning of the
semester.  I circumspect to preface your class' list with the fact that it was a
class list, and not a set of dictates written in stone.  I too divide up
my class syllibus (http://icecube.acf-lab.alaska.edu/~fftmm1/thr355.htm
) into periods, and I even make a list of one or two historical points I
intend to make for each class, but I regularly get sidetracked because
there are an infinite number of costume histories to tell, and if
somebody in my class is more interested in one or another one can just
stop to tell it.  That is why my classes big assignments are in doing
primary research.  Hand a student a box of assorted old clothes from the
1900's and tell them to pick out one, that they have to prove what it
is, and when it was worn, and they quickly learn that clothes, like the
people who wore them, don't fall into neat, easy to peg, categories very
often.  That is not to say that there isn't a zeitgeist to the objects
made at any given date, but that something like the zeitgeist of a
period is still capable of tremendous variation.  That is to say I think
Imelda Marcos probably didn't have two pairs of shoes that were totally
identical among her thousands... So I don't think it's
possible to maintain any kind of static view of history, history isn't a
fixed thing, it's our changing perception of the fragments of the past.
The people living in "the Middle ages" didn't think they were living in
the middle of anything, they were living at the end of the world "in the
year of our Lord"--Anno Domini.  We think we live "in the Common Era"
1996, but the Romans who were living through the year of Augustus's
census didn't think they were living in the year 1.  Even DATES are an
egocentric point of view, not abstract realities of history!  So I think
coming up with absolute abstract periods for costume history is
impractical.  A working definition is all that anybody needs.

Penny






Penny E. Ladnier, Virginia Commonwealth University
s0peladn@erols.com
http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/2157
member:
Costume Society of America
American Fashion Council
Association for Information Systems Professionals

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 22:42:03 -0500
From:    Gaelscot@AOL.COM
Subject: leather source

A while ago people posted some good mail-order sources for leather. I'm
afraid I lost them. Would someone please repost these, either to the list or
to me privately? Much appreciated!

Gail Finke/gaelscot@aol.com

PS: Need I say that I do NOT need the name or address of Tandy?

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 20:08:25 -0800
From:    Joan M Jurancich <joanj@MAIL2.QUIKNET.COM>
Subject: Re: HELP!!!

At 11:35 AM 11/2/96 -0800, you wrote:
>We're staging a "community television" Dickens-style Christmas presentation
>(skits and musical numbers).  Does anyone know of inexpensive (okay, REALLY
>cheap!) sources for men's and women's Dickens period (i.e. Christmas Carol)
>top hats, cut-away coats, etc.?  All sources appreciated, pref. with some
>idea of price as we have (as usual) no real budget to speak of *sigh*
>Thanks and best of the season's wishes!
>Bill Dean
>

Where are you located?

Joan Jurancich
joanj@quiknet.com

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 1 Nov 1996 to 2 Nov 1996
**************************************************

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There are 6 messages totalling 183 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. patterns and clothes
  2. Corset Sizes
  3. Chicago Institute of Arts
  4. Anyone have the Naalbinding packet?
  5. A successful "prop"
  6. Re. 19th C. Hair Book

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 3 Nov 1996 01:25:06 -0500
From:    Kirk Albrecht M311 <M311@AOL.COM>
Subject: patterns and clothes

I just found this web site.  They have patterns and other things.  They also
custom make clothes.
http://rampages.onramp.net/~lawsonda/mall/mmm_intro.html
I have ordered anything from them and have know idea about there service.
Kelly
m311@aol.com

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 3 Nov 1996 13:26:55 -0500
From:    Elizabeth McMahon <mcbeth@PANIX.COM>
Subject: Re: Corset Sizes

On Thu, 31 Oct 1996, erin k. gault wrote:

> Hello everybody.  I was wondering if anybody knows or knows where I can
> find various corset sizes from the 1860's and the 1890's.  We have to do
> projects in my Statistics class and I thought it would be interesting to
> compare the two decades.  I need at least thirty measurements from each
> decade.  I am not sure if this is something that I can find but I'm
> trying!  Thanks!
>
> *****************************************************************

There's a listing of some from a museum in England in Valerie Steele's
_Eroticism in Dress_, which is, for my money, on of the best books I've
ever read on the why of fashion.  It has a fascinatingly thorough
bibliography, and a very intelligent discussion on the perception of
corsetting in the 19th C, for those interested.  It's an incredibly well
researched book, out of print, but a lot of libraries have it.

Beth McMahon

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 3 Nov 1996 15:35:59 -0500
From:    Annikki Weston <weston@TARDIS.SVSU.EDU>
Subject: Chicago Institute of Arts

I'm sorry for posting this hear, but I've lost the messages that people
have posted on the exhibit of clergy vestments at the Chicago Institute
of Arts that's on this month.  If I still had them, I'd mail directly to
them.

Just where is this museum in Chicago?  Directions from the University of
Chicago area would be a bonus, as that's where I'm visiting this weekend :).
I know I could just figure it out on a map, but trusting my skills at
that is a major leap of faith.

Thanks in advance!

Nikki Weston
weston@tardis.svsu.edu

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 3 Nov 1996 13:10:10 -0800
From:    Chris Laning <claning@IGC.APC.ORG>
Subject: Anyone have the Naalbinding packet?

Please excuse me for asking this again, but is there anyone who got the
packet on Naalbinding that Tess was making copies of last month, who would
be willing to make *ONE* copy for me? (Naalbinding is a technique that
looks rather like knitting, but is worked with a sewing needle and short
lengths of yarn.)

I know there was much more demand for that information than Tess expected.
I'd be happy to "take over" distributing copies to people with continental
North American addresses, if I can get
a copy myself. Is there someone who received one who would be willing to
e-mail me privately and arrange for me to get one?

I'll be happy to pay for copying and postage, of course.

Thanks,
Chris


____________________________________________________________
O   Chris Laning
|   <CLaning@igc.apc.org>
+    Davis, California
____________________________________________________________

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 3 Nov 1996 13:10:56 -0800
From:    Chris Laning <claning@IGC.APC.ORG>
Subject: A successful "prop"

This is more "props" than "costume," but I just wanted to report -- now
that I'm "digging out" from the Renaissance Faire season -- that we had a
very successful "communal" needlework project in our guild yard this year.
(I'm particularly pleased because whenI brought a "communal" needlework
project to another guild, no one actually worked on it. I think what they
really wanted was to TALK about working on it, rather than actually doing
it <sigh>). However *this* one was a great success.

This all got its start because someone in the guild found a large
needlepoint frame for 45 cents (!) at a garage sale. And I had acquired a
fair quantity of needlepoint yarn at a bargain price for another project
that wound up never materializing.

I had found an illustration in Cyril Bunt's _Tudor and Stuart Fabrics_ in
the library (it's actually mostly embroidered pieces, many of which I
hadn't seen before).  I call it a "16th century UFO" (UnFinished Object) --
designs traced on the linen, but never embroidered. In the book, it's
titled "Fig. 9. Sampler designs for embroidery, circa 1600; courtesy of Sir
John Carew-Pole, Bart."  There are 17 "slips" -- flowers with stem and
leaves attached, a popular type of motif -- in three rows; the top row is
flowers, the middle row fruits, the bottom row flowers again.

The illustration photocopies very poorly, for some reason, but I am
fortunate to have a scanner at work, and I found that by scanning the
designs and playing with the contrast settings, I could get the lines to
show up well enough to print out a copy I could trace from. I chose three
"slips" (eglantine, pinks, borage) from the 17 pictured and enlarged them
to what I think is about twice their original length and breadth, then
spaced them out on a piece of 10-to-the-inch needlepoint canvas about 18"
by 36" for a long cushion cover.  (I figure the originals were likely
worked about 20 stitches to the inch, so this seemed a reasonable
compromise between 16th century authenticity and 20th century impatience.)

I saw a good dozen people work on the needlepoint at one time or another --
including the guy who plays Sir Richard Grenville (!) --  and the first two
"slips" (out of three) are more than half done. It will probably take us a
few years to finish, but that's fine. It's good to have something fairly
brainless to work on at the end of the day when we all tend to be
exhausted. And besides, it's great "atmosphere" even when no one is working
on it -- a nice colorful thing to have around.

Even our youngest members liked working on it -- Kate and Terry Downward
(12 and 4 respectively, playing the Earl of Pembroke's daughters Lady
Katherine and Lady Anne Herbert). They are nice kids and fun to have
around, especially since as the daughters of an Earl, they outrank most of
us and we duly "reverance" (16th-century version of a curtsy) to them!
"Lady Anne" in particular was extremely cute sitting at the frame all by
herself -- she loves needlework, and while she didn't want to learn the
tent stitch, did a very creditable running stitch along the outlines. I
hope someone got a picture!

____________________________________________________________
O   Chris Laning
|   <CLaning@igc.apc.org>
+    Davis, California
____________________________________________________________

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 3 Nov 1996 17:56:30 -0800
From:    Diana Habra <dch@INREACH.COM>
Subject: Re: Re. 19th C. Hair Book

Mary wrote:
>
> Does anyone have an address for Lacis (snail or E) or anywhere I could order
> "The Techniques of Ladies Hairdressing of the 19th c." to be sent to me here
> in the UK. I would be able to pay by US dollar cheque (check?)
>
> Thanks
>
> Mary
> temple@globalnet.co.uk

Dear Mary,

The address for Lacis is

        2982 Adeline Street
        Berkeley, CA 94703
        (510) 843-7178

They will send you a catalog of their entire stock for $5 US.  Hope this
helps you and anyone else out there on H-Costume.

Rose :~>

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 2 Nov 1996 to 3 Nov 1996
**************************************************

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From: Automatic digest processor <LISTSERV@BROWNVM.brown.edu>
Subject:  H-COSTUME Digest - 1 Nov 1996 to 2 Nov 1996
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There are 11 messages totalling 347 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. American Civil War
  2. HELP!!! (2)
  3. Costume interest
  4. Time periods
  5. Jude the Obscure
  6. 1753 gown in "Piecework" and miser's purses
  7. Hair styles for many periods
  8. Chatelaine book, was Re: 1753 gown in "Piecework" and miser's purses
  9. Time periods (long)
 10. leather source

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 23:46:25 +1100
From:    Greg & Jocelyn House <house@MACQUARIE.MATRA.COM.AU>
Subject: American Civil War

I am what I believe is usually described as a 'newby' to the Historical
costume list.  I live in Canberra, Australia and am involved in historical
reenactment mainly through several live steel groups, concentrating on two
periods - early Viking particularly those from Iceland and also late 15th,
early 16th century Italian.

However I am also involved in the Costumers' Guild here and am interested
in recreating costumes from the period of the American Civil War.  While
there are many excellent texts on military aspects of the War available
here I have not come across any that cover the clothing of the period.  My
interests tend to lie with the costume of the northern states though I have
friends who are also interested in those of the southern states.

Does anyone have any recommendations on useful texts in this area?

Thank you.

Jocelyn House

5 Hensman St
Latham ACT 2615
AUSTRALIA

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 11:35:06 -0800
From:    "b." <ba085@LAFN.ORG>
Subject: HELP!!!

We're staging a "community television" Dickens-style Christmas presentation
(skits and musical numbers).  Does anyone know of inexpensive (okay, REALLY
cheap!) sources for men's and women's Dickens period (i.e. Christmas Carol)
top hats, cut-away coats, etc.?  All sources appreciated, pref. with some
idea of price as we have (as usual) no real budget to speak of *sigh*
Thanks and best of the season's wishes!
Bill Dean

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 11:38:21 -0800
From:    Wayne Johnson <johnson100@ANDORRA-C.IT.EARTHLINK.NET>
Subject: Costume interest

I have been reading H-Costume for several months now. Everyone seems so
knowledgable.

I just wonder what got you started or interested in historical costumes, and
what you do with them after they are made?


Wayne
johnson100@earthlink.net

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 18:52:49 -0500
From:    Kirk Albrecht M311 <M311@AOL.COM>
Subject: Re: Time periods

What about the Victorian age?  What dates would you give it?
Kellym311@aol.com

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 17:19:21 -0800
From:    Kendra Van Cleave <bambi@RESORT.COM>
Subject: Jude the Obscure

so i went to see Jude (the movie version of Jude the Obscure), and of
course, as we all are, was completelly inspired by the costuming of the
film, and have decided i HAVE to have a dress a la Kate Winslet's in the
movie.

it appears the period of the movie is the late 1880s; the dresses are
definitely lower middle class to working class.  anyways, i have a couple
of questions:

1. it looked like she was not wearing a bustle, and from what i've read of
the period, at the end of this decade bustles went out of fashion for a
few years.  it looked to me like she was wearing a pettiocoat which had
the fullness gathered in back, and the same with her skirt.  is this
correct?  am i interpreting this right?

2. are the skirts of this period gored?  it seemed like they were -- from
what i could tell, they were pretty flat in front and had the fullness in
pleats at the back.  is this right?

3. the bodices were square necked and came down low on the hips -- should
the bodice be longer in the back?  is it usual for the bodices to close in
front or in back, or does it vary?

any other suggestions or pointers would be much appreciated!

thanks,

Kendra Van Cleave
bambi@resort.com

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 21:10:13 -0500
From:    Sheridan Alder & David Webb <alderweb@VAXXINE.COM>
Subject: 1753 gown in "Piecework" and miser's purses

Greetings all:
There's an article in the magazine "Piecework" on the Eliza Lucas
Pinckney sacque. I believe it's been referred to in a couple of
costume books. She raised the silk herself in South Carolina, and
had the fabric woven in England. A front and back view of the gown
in included. There's also an article on "The Ingenious Miser's
Purse" in the same issue (Nov/Dec 1996) including a 1887 crochet
pattern. (Oh for a Regency pattern!)

I have no connection with this publication, but I've been keeping an
eye on it at my local magazine shop. It seemed like a likely source
for history and "how-to" articles that would be useful for costume
and accessories. The "Books in Review" section contained "Chatelaines:
Utility to Glorious Extravagance", by Genevieve E. Cummins and
Nerylla D. Taunton. Antique Collectors Clus, Suffok, England, distributed
by Lacis, 3163 Adeline St., Berkeley, CA 94703, 1994. Hardbound, 311 pages,
$69.50. ISBN 1-85148-206-2. Has anyone out there examined this book?
I'm interested in "Regency" accessories, although it's my understanding
that they were out of style, except for "ribbon" chatelaines worn by
the labouring classes.

Re: the "Victorian Age" - wouldn't that be the period of her reign, 1837-
1901 (???) I'm too lazy to verify that that right now.

Good night!

Sheridan
------------------------------------------------------------
           Name : Sheridan Alder & David Webb
        Company : Sheridan Alder & David Webb
        Address : 145 Dalhousie Avenue
           City : St. Catharines, ON, Canada, L2N 4X6

     Home Number: (905) 935-2729
------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 19:17:03 -0800
From:    Margo Anderson <wander@HOOKED.NET>
Subject: Re: Hair styles for many periods

At 08:04 PM 11/1/96 PST, you wrote:
 -
>I'm especially having a hard time with the 1920's - 50's
>when shorter hair was fashionable... I *know* some women
>kept their hair full length and just made it look shorter
>somehow.
>
>
Hi Heather!

My sister is the Art Deco period enthusiast in our family, and she tells me
that during the 1920's and 30's, many women, especially in Europe, didn't
bob their hair, but simply set the front in waves and rolled the back into a
chignon, French twist, or figure 8.

The "Marcel waves" in the front can be achieved by wetting the hair down
with hairspray, clipping it into place, and blow drying, then wetting it
again, drying again, untill you acheive a rock-hard state.  It feels
disgusting but looks totally period.  I managed to make my shoulder length,
layered hair look 30's this way.

Why don't you come over the hill some evening and we'll play beauty parlor?

Margo Anderson

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 19:11:46 -0800
From:    Joan M Jurancich <joanj@MAIL2.QUIKNET.COM>
Subject: Chatelaine book, was Re: 1753 gown in "Piecework" and miser's purses

>Date: Sat, 02 Nov 1996 19:15:52
>To: Sheridan Alder & David Webb <alderweb@VAXXINE.COM>
>From: Joan M Jurancich <joanj@mail2.quiknet.com>
>Subject: Chatelaine book, was Re: 1753 gown in "Piecework" and miser's purses
>
>At 09:10 PM 11/2/96 -0500, Sheridan Alder & David Webb wrote:
>>Greetings all:
>[snip] The "Books in Review" section contained "Chatelaines:
>>Utility to Glorious Extravagance", by Genevieve E. Cummins and
>>Nerylla D. Taunton. Antique Collectors Clus, Suffok, England, distributed
>>by Lacis, 3163 Adeline St., Berkeley, CA 94703, 1994. Hardbound, 311 pages,
>>$69.50. ISBN 1-85148-206-2. Has anyone out there examined this book?
>>I'm interested in "Regency" accessories, although it's my understanding
>>that they were out of style, except for "ribbon" chatelaines worn by
>>the labouring classes.
>[snip]
>
>I have a copy of this book.  It is marvelous! The authors are very clear
about when the word "chatelaine" started to describe waist-hung accessories
(c. 1838-9).  But they start in Chapter 1 by describing waist-hung
accessories from c.2000 B.C.E. to 1600; Chapter 2 covers the 16th & 17th
centuries; Chapter 3 the 18th (the first good collection of color plates of
actual! accessories).  Chapter 4 is "The evolution of the true chatelaine,
1800-1840".  Later chapters continue the decades until the 20th century.
All in all, it's a VERY good reference book, with LOTS of CLEAR PICTURES of
the real things, not just blurry photographs.
>
>Good hunting,
>
>
Joan Jurancich
joanj@quiknet.com

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 22:21:25 -0500
From:    "Penny E. Ladnier" <s0peladn@EROLS.COM>
Subject: Re: Time periods (long)

At 06:52 PM 11/2/96 -0500, you wrote:
>What about the Victorian age?  What dates would you give it?
>Kellym311@aol.com
>
When in London I kept asking this same question.  The best answer I got was
from the chair of fashion dept. and the curator of the Bath Museum of
Costume, which was:
1837 (or 38) to 1901.  The Victorian Era ran through several costume/fashion
periods, the end of Romantic, Crinoline, Bustle and Fin de Seicle.
But...
I was dicussing costume time periods with Dr. Tara Maginnis, head costume
instructor at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks.  The following are her
comments regarding costume time periods:

For example "Georgian", like "Victorian", is
purely a distinction of a time period set by monarch's reigns in
England, and is consequently technically irrelevant to all of costume
history which did not occur on that little island.  Dates used for
"Rennaisance" are also country-based, and dependent on a distinction
used by art historians.  The Renaissance in Italy is over 100 years
before the Northern European Renaissance, which in terms of art history,
slightly predates the "English Renaissance".  Then there is the thorny
topic of "The Middle Ages" and "The Dark Ages"  two perjorative terms
used by Italian Renaissance folks to essentially write off all the art
made "in the middle" ages between the Classical age and it's "rebirth"
or Renaissance.  And of course, this whole discussion is even narrow in
that it only pays attention to what Europe is doing.  So the
possibilities for coming up with a subjective grouping of "periods" is
endless.  There are some time periods where Western European Rich
people's clothes stay essentially stable for a big stretch of time like
Women's dress in the "Empire" period, or the 1980's, where for over a
decade the rate of major fashion change is extremely slow.  There are
others like the 1700-1780's where the changes are so gradual and even
that you can draw them on a chart of "evolution", and fancy you have
discovered a Darwinian theory of fashion.  However, there are so many
fun "transition periods" (ie. total chaos)like the French Revolution,
WWI, and the 1970's, plus periods where what is worn in Spain bears as
little relation ship to what is worn in Italy, or England or Poland,
that it amazes me that any intelligent person ever has the temerity to
declare any fixed timeline of even Western costume history.  In a class
syllibus, of course, one has to divide things up, simply in order to
conduct a coherent slide lecture; but I make a point with my classes to
let them know that these distinctions are merely my interpretation and
not some kind of absract truth.  Of course, most costume history classes
center around teaching students vocabulary and "period" by rote,
expecting students to spit out the same vocabulary lists and periods
that the teacher handed out as Xeroxes at the beginnning of the
semester.  I circumspect to preface your class' list with the fact that it was a
class list, and not a set of dictates written in stone.  I too divide up
my class syllibus (http://icecube.acf-lab.alaska.edu/~fftmm1/thr355.htm
) into periods, and I even make a list of one or two historical points I
intend to make for each class, but I regularly get sidetracked because
there are an infinite number of costume histories to tell, and if
somebody in my class is more interested in one or another one can just
stop to tell it.  That is why my classes big assignments are in doing
primary research.  Hand a student a box of assorted old clothes from the
1900's and tell them to pick out one, that they have to prove what it
is, and when it was worn, and they quickly learn that clothes, like the
people who wore them, don't fall into neat, easy to peg, categories very
often.  That is not to say that there isn't a zeitgeist to the objects
made at any given date, but that something like the zeitgeist of a
period is still capable of tremendous variation.  That is to say I think
Imelda Marcos probably didn't have two pairs of shoes that were totally
identical among her thousands... So I don't think it's
possible to maintain any kind of static view of history, history isn't a
fixed thing, it's our changing perception of the fragments of the past.
The people living in "the Middle ages" didn't think they were living in
the middle of anything, they were living at the end of the world "in the
year of our Lord"--Anno Domini.  We think we live "in the Common Era"
1996, but the Romans who were living through the year of Augustus's
census didn't think they were living in the year 1.  Even DATES are an
egocentric point of view, not abstract realities of history!  So I think
coming up with absolute abstract periods for costume history is
impractical.  A working definition is all that anybody needs.

Penny






Penny E. Ladnier, Virginia Commonwealth University
s0peladn@erols.com
http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/2157
member:
Costume Society of America
American Fashion Council
Association for Information Systems Professionals

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 22:42:03 -0500
From:    Gaelscot@AOL.COM
Subject: leather source

A while ago people posted some good mail-order sources for leather. I'm
afraid I lost them. Would someone please repost these, either to the list or
to me privately? Much appreciated!

Gail Finke/gaelscot@aol.com

PS: Need I say that I do NOT need the name or address of Tandy?

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 2 Nov 1996 20:08:25 -0800
From:    Joan M Jurancich <joanj@MAIL2.QUIKNET.COM>
Subject: Re: HELP!!!

At 11:35 AM 11/2/96 -0800, you wrote:
>We're staging a "community television" Dickens-style Christmas presentation
>(skits and musical numbers).  Does anyone know of inexpensive (okay, REALLY
>cheap!) sources for men's and women's Dickens period (i.e. Christmas Carol)
>top hats, cut-away coats, etc.?  All sources appreciated, pref. with some
>idea of price as we have (as usual) no real budget to speak of *sigh*
>Thanks and best of the season's wishes!
>Bill Dean
>

Where are you located?

Joan Jurancich
joanj@quiknet.com

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 1 Nov 1996 to 2 Nov 1996
**************************************************

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From: Automatic digest processor <LISTSERV@BROWNVM.brown.edu>
Subject:  H-COSTUME Digest - 2 Nov 1996 to 3 Nov 1996
To: Recipients of H-COSTUME digests <H-COSTUME@BROWNVM.brown.edu>

There are 6 messages totalling 183 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. patterns and clothes
  2. Corset Sizes
  3. Chicago Institute of Arts
  4. Anyone have the Naalbinding packet?
  5. A successful "prop"
  6. Re. 19th C. Hair Book

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 3 Nov 1996 01:25:06 -0500
From:    Kirk Albrecht M311 <M311@AOL.COM>
Subject: patterns and clothes

I just found this web site.  They have patterns and other things.  They also
custom make clothes.
http://rampages.onramp.net/~lawsonda/mall/mmm_intro.html
I have ordered anything from them and have know idea about there service.
Kelly
m311@aol.com

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 3 Nov 1996 13:26:55 -0500
From:    Elizabeth McMahon <mcbeth@PANIX.COM>
Subject: Re: Corset Sizes

On Thu, 31 Oct 1996, erin k. gault wrote:

> Hello everybody.  I was wondering if anybody knows or knows where I can
> find various corset sizes from the 1860's and the 1890's.  We have to do
> projects in my Statistics class and I thought it would be interesting to
> compare the two decades.  I need at least thirty measurements from each
> decade.  I am not sure if this is something that I can find but I'm
> trying!  Thanks!
>
> *****************************************************************

There's a listing of some from a museum in England in Valerie Steele's
_Eroticism in Dress_, which is, for my money, on of the best books I've
ever read on the why of fashion.  It has a fascinatingly thorough
bibliography, and a very intelligent discussion on the perception of
corsetting in the 19th C, for those interested.  It's an incredibly well
researched book, out of print, but a lot of libraries have it.

Beth McMahon

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 3 Nov 1996 15:35:59 -0500
From:    Annikki Weston <weston@TARDIS.SVSU.EDU>
Subject: Chicago Institute of Arts

I'm sorry for posting this hear, but I've lost the messages that people
have posted on the exhibit of clergy vestments at the Chicago Institute
of Arts that's on this month.  If I still had them, I'd mail directly to
them.

Just where is this museum in Chicago?  Directions from the University of
Chicago area would be a bonus, as that's where I'm visiting this weekend :).
I know I could just figure it out on a map, but trusting my skills at
that is a major leap of faith.

Thanks in advance!

Nikki Weston
weston@tardis.svsu.edu

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 3 Nov 1996 13:10:10 -0800
From:    Chris Laning <claning@IGC.APC.ORG>
Subject: Anyone have the Naalbinding packet?

Please excuse me for asking this again, but is there anyone who got the
packet on Naalbinding that Tess was making copies of last month, who would
be willing to make *ONE* copy for me? (Naalbinding is a technique that
looks rather like knitting, but is worked with a sewing needle and short
lengths of yarn.)

I know there was much more demand for that information than Tess expected.
I'd be happy to "take over" distributing copies to people with continental
North American addresses, if I can get
a copy myself. Is there someone who received one who would be willing to
e-mail me privately and arrange for me to get one?

I'll be happy to pay for copying and postage, of course.

Thanks,
Chris


____________________________________________________________
O   Chris Laning
|   <CLaning@igc.apc.org>
+    Davis, California
____________________________________________________________

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 3 Nov 1996 13:10:56 -0800
From:    Chris Laning <claning@IGC.APC.ORG>
Subject: A successful "prop"

This is more "props" than "costume," but I just wanted to report -- now
that I'm "digging out" from the Renaissance Faire season -- that we had a
very successful "communal" needlework project in our guild yard this year.
(I'm particularly pleased because whenI brought a "communal" needlework
project to another guild, no one actually worked on it. I think what they
really wanted was to TALK about working on it, rather than actually doing
it <sigh>). However *this* one was a great success.

This all got its start because someone in the guild found a large
needlepoint frame for 45 cents (!) at a garage sale. And I had acquired a
fair quantity of needlepoint yarn at a bargain price for another project
that wound up never materializing.

I had found an illustration in Cyril Bunt's _Tudor and Stuart Fabrics_ in
the library (it's actually mostly embroidered pieces, many of which I
hadn't seen before).  I call it a "16th century UFO" (UnFinished Object) --
designs traced on the linen, but never embroidered. In the book, it's
titled "Fig. 9. Sampler designs for embroidery, circa 1600; courtesy of Sir
John Carew-Pole, Bart."  There are 17 "slips" -- flowers with stem and
leaves attached, a popular type of motif -- in three rows; the top row is
flowers, the middle row fruits, the bottom row flowers again.

The illustration photocopies very poorly, for some reason, but I am
fortunate to have a scanner at work, and I found that by scanning the
designs and playing with the contrast settings, I could get the lines to
show up well enough to print out a copy I could trace from. I chose three
"slips" (eglantine, pinks, borage) from the 17 pictured and enlarged them
to what I think is about twice their original length and breadth, then
spaced them out on a piece of 10-to-the-inch needlepoint canvas about 18"
by 36" for a long cushion cover.  (I figure the originals were likely
worked about 20 stitches to the inch, so this seemed a reasonable
compromise between 16th century authenticity and 20th century impatience.)

I saw a good dozen people work on the needlepoint at one time or another --
including the guy who plays Sir Richard Grenville (!) --  and the first two
"slips" (out of three) are more than half done. It will probably take us a
few years to finish, but that's fine. It's good to have something fairly
brainless to work on at the end of the day when we all tend to be
exhausted. And besides, it's great "atmosphere" even when no one is working
on it -- a nice colorful thing to have around.

Even our youngest members liked working on it -- Kate and Terry Downward
(12 and 4 respectively, playing the Earl of Pembroke's daughters Lady
Katherine and Lady Anne Herbert). They are nice kids and fun to have
around, especially since as the daughters of an Earl, they outrank most of
us and we duly "reverance" (16th-century version of a curtsy) to them!
"Lady Anne" in particular was extremely cute sitting at the frame all by
herself -- she loves needlework, and while she didn't want to learn the
tent stitch, did a very creditable running stitch along the outlines. I
hope someone got a picture!

____________________________________________________________
O   Chris Laning
|   <CLaning@igc.apc.org>
+    Davis, California
____________________________________________________________

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 3 Nov 1996 17:56:30 -0800
From:    Diana Habra <dch@INREACH.COM>
Subject: Re: Re. 19th C. Hair Book

Mary wrote:
>
> Does anyone have an address for Lacis (snail or E) or anywhere I could order
> "The Techniques of Ladies Hairdressing of the 19th c." to be sent to me here
> in the UK. I would be able to pay by US dollar cheque (check?)
>
> Thanks
>
> Mary
> temple@globalnet.co.uk

Dear Mary,

The address for Lacis is

        2982 Adeline Street
        Berkeley, CA 94703
        (510) 843-7178

They will send you a catalog of their entire stock for $5 US.  Hope this
helps you and anyone else out there on H-Costume.

Rose :~>

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 2 Nov 1996 to 3 Nov 1996
**************************************************

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There are 14 messages totalling 490 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. Time Periods
  2. Lacis web site
  3. Costume interest (6)
  4. Time periods
  5. Hat Customs (2)
  6. Mrs. Rudolph's Buttons Exhibit
  7. Costumes! Costumes!  (fwd)
  8. Harlequin Clown

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 4 Nov 1996 09:38:00 GMT
From:    "Chandler, Sally A." <S.A.Chandler@SHU.AC.UK>
Subject: Time Periods

I don't mean to be difficult but I don't recognize all the time periods
which were given as English.  I've never heard of the late medieval period
described as gothic, for example - and that's my main period.

Sally Ann Chandler

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 4 Nov 1996 08:06:28 -0500
From:    "J.Haug, Victoriana-Resources for Victorian Living"
         <registry@VICTORIANA.COM>
Subject: Re: Lacis web site

At 05:56 PM 11/3/96 -0800, you wrote:
>Mary wrote:
>>
>> Does anyone have an address for Lacis (snail or E) or anywhere I could order
>> "The Techniques of Ladies Hairdressing of the 19th c." to be sent to me here
>> in the UK. I would be able to pay by US dollar cheque (check?)
>>
>> Thanks
>>
>> Mary
>> temple@globalnet.co.uk
==================================================
>Dear Mary,
Lacis has a web site at <http://www.lacis.com/>

                  Joanne Haug
    "Victoriana-Resources for Victorian Living"
            http://www.victoriana.com
                      and
"Reflections of the Past, Antique Costume & Textiles"
        http://www.victoriana.com/antiques
            registry@victoriana.com

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 4 Nov 1996 09:28:13 -0500
From:    Astrida E B Schaeffer <aes@CHRISTA.UNH.EDU>
Subject: Re: Costume interest

On Sat, 2 Nov 1996, Wayne Johnson wrote:
> I just wonder what got you started or interested in historical costumes, and
> what you do with them after they are made?

Errol Flynn. It's all his fault.

I loved watching his movies, and found I wanted almost everything Olivia
deHavilland wore. (Except that awful lame thing in Robin Hood) So I
played dress up a lot. And when I wasn't satisfied with the results of
combining modern clothes to look like something vaguely historical, I
taught myself to sew. Then I discovered the Renfaire phenomenon, still
without a clue toward accuracy, still basing it all on movies. I blush
now to think of what I made and wore (a sleeveless spandex 'medieval'
dress...ugh) And then I discovered the SCA (and no, I'm not going to get
into bashing/championing here). The SCA was the next step, and it
introduced me to the idea of accuracy--those who did research and
constructed detailed, accurate garments looked STUNNING. I wanted into
that world. So I adopted a skin-out accuracy standard for myself. My
costume book collection now beats anything my local university library
offers. And I began volunteering for museums like Plimoth Plantation (in
the Boston area) and Strawbery Banke (in southern NH). I learned a
lot--and I'm still learning. It's grand! It's even led me to a career
change, and I'm working on a Master's so I can enter the museum world.

And what do I do with all my costumes? The old ones, the ones that no
longer meet my standards, I pass on to others who are just starting out
or, if they're bad enough, I mercifully dispose of. The rest--well,
there's this walk-in closet in the guest room....My only venue for
wearing them is currently the SCA; I'd love to find other outlets.
Especially for periods not covered by the SCA, as I'm getting more into
Victorian gowns and would also love a chance to do early 1800s (empire).
Not much to be had in the Northeast, though...

On to the next project!
Astrida
*****************************************************************************
Astrida Schaeffer               "All life on Earth is a fairy tale in which
                                outlandish creatures pursue impossible lives"
                                                - Rutherford Platt

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 4 Nov 1996 13:27:01 -0500
From:    aleed <aleed@DNACO.NET>
Subject: Re: Costume interest

> On Sat, 2 Nov 1996, Wayne Johnson wrote:
> > I just wonder what got you started or interested in historical costumes, and
> > what you do with them after they are made?
>

I can't quite recall.  Before I discovered costuming, I used to actively
dislike sewing; but then I discovered renfairs, and (like Astrida) blush
in shame to recall my first attempts at period costume...a velour
cotehardie that zips up the back comes to mind...then I was lucky enough
to take an actual class in historical costuming and patterning, which not
only taught the basics of pattern drafting but taught things like draping,
creating a pattern from iconographical evidence, things to keep in mind
like differences in sillhouette, etc., and I was off and running.

Like Astrida, the SCA was what inspired me most.  Every time I went to an
event I came back with more fabric for the Pile and at least 3 new costume
ideas.

I did the opposite of most people I know and started with Elizabethan.
Only recently have I started working back and trying my hand at Italian
Ren, Gothic, etc.  I'm also starting to explore 18th century costume, but
need to find a group that does 18th century re-enactment before I can
justify all the work, cost and effort of a robe anglaise with
underpinnings.

Drea

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 4 Nov 1996 12:57:45 -0600
From:    Deb <BADDORF@WARNER.FNAL.GOV>
Subject: Re: Costume interest

> and
>what you do with them after they are made?

Wear them.  Store them.  Cherish them.  Never give them away,
even when they no longer fit ....   Wear them to Halloween
parties.   Wear them to WORK on Halloween  (any excuse will do).

deb

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 4 Nov 1996 13:19:11 -0800
From:    Glenna Jo & Bill Christen <gwjchris@RUST.NET>
Subject: Re: Time periods

Kirk Albrecht M311 wrote:
>
> What about the Victorian age?  What dates would you give it?

Since Victoria ruled from 1837 up to 1901 the entire period could be
considered "Victorian" (when discussing England at least :-)), but I so
often see the term used to describe everything from late 19th cent.
through the ninteen-teens.  It's as if the era named for her started
about 1880 or '90 and ended about 1920!  Her glory days as a fashion
trend setter pretty much ended after Prince Albert died and she never
gave up mourning attire.  This did do wonders for the makers of crape,
bombazine, jet jewelry, and other mourning related products...

I find it odd that the "Crinoline" era starts in 1840 and ends in 1870.
I can believe (by a stretch) 1850 to 1870, only for the convenience of
round numbers, but not in a fashion sense.  Early attempts at hoops were
attempted before the first practical metal cage was patented in 1857(8?),
but at least skirts were getting fuller by the early '50's.  On the
other end of the period, hoops would be quite dowdy by 1870, but some
women resisted giving up hoops as they felt the shape of their legs would
be too 'exposed'. :-)

Just my $.02 worth. :-)

Glenna Jo Christen
gwjchris@rust.net

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 4 Nov 1996 15:52:44 -0500
From:    Dale Loberger <dloberger@ESRI.COM>
Subject: Hat Customs

I hope no one is offended by this slightly off-topic question, but I
thought this would be a good group to ask.  (I know there are some
millners out there)

My question is about the custom of men taking their hats off indoors.
When did this custom come about?  How has it been observed by various
classes or by civilians vs. military?  I am specifically interested in
America (more specifically in the South).

Thanks!
--
Dale A. Loberger                         "GIS Solutions for Tennessee"
ESRI - Charlotte, 8000 Corporate Ctr Dr, Ste 111, Charlotte, NC  28226
Phone: 704-541-9810   Fax: 704-541-7620   Website: http://www.esri.com

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 4 Nov 1996 17:36:53 -0400
From:    Marsha Hamilton <mhamilto@MAGNUS.ACS.OHIO-STATE.EDU>
Subject: Re: Costume interest

>> On Sat, 2 Nov 1996, Wayne Johnson wrote:
>> I just wonder what got you started or interested in historical costumes,
>>and >>what you do with them after they are made?

When I was about six, I asked mom if I could cut up an old pillowcase and
she said yes.  I cut out neck and arm holes and put red duct tape in a
cross on the front and sat down with a tin foil sword to watch "King
Richard and the Crusaders" on tv (an awful film but it inspired me at the
time.)  Even though I was a girl, I really wanted a suit of armor.  I
adored costume flix, pirates, crusades, 30's gowns, frothy, fluffy gowns
worn by Jeanette McDonald, Loretta Young or Dina Shore sweeping into a room
with yards of tulle....

I started sewing gowns for my dolls during the Miss America pageant.  (Yes,
watching grass grow was as exciting as it got in the 50's in rural Ohio.)

I'd go to the library to look at Vogue magazines--Jean Shrimpton, Suzy
Kendall, the incredible clothes and outlandish hair. I learned to sew and
made all my own clothes in junior and senior high. I liked theatrical
touches like butterfly sleeves or ribbons.  Of course, the kids at school
made terrible fun of me. On "dress down day" (i.e. wear blue jeans to
school). I would come in costume and was almost run out one year when I
wore a "granny" dress. Small minds.

Things accummulate in the closet and every time I move, I give some away to
neighbors for next Halloween but I'd keep the best.  The first "real"
costume  was a Tudor but I had no place to wear it.  I went to the local
Renaissance Festival in the 70's and within a few years developed
friendships and joined a group doing 17th century because their standards
were high and I was learning more.  I have a costume/jewelry book
collection my library wants me to donate. (Dream on. I know how many of
those books get ripped off.)

I recut some of the old costumes. I have closets full of costumes I can't
bear to part with, I give some to kids for dress up.  The original pieces I
collected over the years I donated to a small museum to start a collection.


I think I was born with an interest in costume.  I'm invariably in costume
in photographs as a kid, even if only a draped sash and a dramatic
expression.  I can't explain it but it's wonderful.

Marsha

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 4 Nov 1996 15:44:38 -0600
From:    Noelle Nicol <Noelle_Nicol@DGII.COM>
Subject: Re: Costume interest

You've got it exactly right!

I wore my velvet Victorians on Halloween, and got rave reviews!  It wasso
great to have an excuse to wear something that elegant-looking. (Just a
street-style skirt and jacket, but still . . . )

creating them is half the fun. though! =+)

YIS

NSN



        Deb <BADDORF @ daffy.fnal.gov>
        11/04/96 11:36 AM
To: Multiple recipients of list H-COSTUME <H-COSTUME @ BROWNVM.BROWN.EDU> @
SMTP
cc:
Subject: Re: Costume interest

> and
>what you do with them after they are made?

Wear them.  Store them.  Cherish them.  Never give them away,
even when they no longer fit ....   Wear them to Halloween
parties.   Wear them to WORK on Halloween  (any excuse will do).

deb

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 4 Nov 1996 16:56:43 -0500
From:    PBearish@AOL.COM
Subject: Mrs. Rudolph's Buttons Exhibit

I was fortunate enough to visit the exhibit at The Ohio State University this
past weekend.  If any of you are in the Columbus, Ohio area between now and
December 7, please make a point to stop by the Main Library on The Ohio State
University campus to see her wonderful collection.  And while you are there,
also visit Campbell Hall, the College of Human Ecology, to see their new
historic costume museum.  Also a wonderful exhibit!  Thank you Charles
Kleibacker, because I am sure you were very influential in getting that
museum in place!

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 4 Nov 1996 17:53:42 -0500
From:    suzanne hader <smh@CS.BROWN.EDU>
Subject: Costumes! Costumes!  (fwd)

I am passing this along for Ms. Corley.  Please reply to her, not to me.

thanks,
suzanne

---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Thu, 31 Oct 1996 14:43:30 -0500 (EST)
From: Sally Corley - FSDS/F94 <scorley@acs.ryerson.ca>
To: smh@cs.brown.edu
Subject: Costumes! Costumes!


  Hello, my name is Sally Corley. I am a fourth year apparel design student
at Ryerson Polytechnic University. I am currently researching historical
costume for my collection analysis report. It would be greatly
appreciated if you could spare a few moments of your time to answer these
questions on historical costume. The completion of this questionnaire
will also alow me to complete a collection of accurate historical
costumes for my final year project.

1)  Please state your job title:


    --------------------------------------

2)  Put an "X" beside any or all types of costumes that you or your
    company produces.

        Contemproary __                 Dance __
        Fantasy __                      Period __
        Specify if other ____

3)  Put an "X" beside any or all types of mediums by which your costumes
    are shown.

        Theater __                      Opera __
        Television __                   Motion Picture __
        Specify if other __

4)  If in question number 3 you checked more then one medium, are the
    same costumes used for the checked mediums? (Put an "X" beside one)

        Always __               Sometimes __            Never __

5)  If in question number 3 you checked theatre and motion picture, would
    the same costumes be used?  (Put an "X" beside one)

        Always __               Sometimes __            Never __

6)  Do you feel that period costumes' are in demand? (Put an "X" beside one)

        Very much __            Somewhat __             Not at all __

7)  Do you feel that period costumes' are in demand for use in theatrical
    productions? (Put an "X" beside one)

        Very much __            Somewhat __             Not at all __

8)  Have you noticed an increase of demand for historical costumes in the
    last 5 years? (Put an "X" beside one)

        Very much __            Somewhat __             Not at all __

9)  How important is accuracy when producing period costumes?
    (Put an "X" beside one)

        Very much __            Somewhat __             Not at all __

10) Rate the following components of period costume from 6 to 1 in which you
    feel accuracy is the most important, to the least important.
    (6 being the most important and 1 being the least)

        Cut __                          Colour __
        Details __                      Fabrication __
        Construction __                 Accessories __

11) Approximatley how much would you spend to produce an ELABORATE 15th
    century costume. (Complete with headdress and coresponding clothes,
    including fabric and labour)
    (Put an "X" beside one)

        Less then $1000 __              $2001-$2500 __
        $1001-$1500 __                  $2501-$3000 __
        $1501-$2000 __                  More than $3001 __


Thank-you for participation in this questionnaire.
Any other comments you have would be greatly appreciated.

Please E-mail the completed questionnaire to me at:
                scorley@acs.ryerson.ca

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 4 Nov 1996 19:05:13 -0600
From:    marcia <madyn@IX.NETCOM.COM>
Subject: Re: Costume interest

I've been interested in Fantasy and the Early History (Greek, Roman, =
Dark Ages and Middle Ages) since being introduced to them through school =
and reading and later TV/Movies.  In college I started attending Science =
Fiction and Fantasy Conventions and I started making Fantasy and =
Historical Costumes to wear to them.  Mostly I did Fantasy Costumes =
(Unicorn, Satyr, Dryad and Mermaid) and one Norman Gown.  Later I =
discovered the Renn Faires and starting making Faire outfits, usually =
simple Tudor outfits.  Then I joined the SCA and started experimenting =
with costumes from different time periods in the Middle Ages for my =
husband and me.  Just recently, my husband, some friends and I started a =
medieval acting troop and were able to perform at the Alabama Renn =
Faire.  We spent a lot of time making costumes for our performances.  =
Most of my costumes have been fairly simple, since I'm still an amateur =
at sewing.

I also have enjoyed this list and have learned a lot.

Marcia White

----------
From:   Wayne Johnson[SMTP:johnson100@ANDORRA-C.IT.EARTHLINK.NET]
Sent:   Saturday, November 02, 1996 1:38 PM
To:     Multiple recipients of list H-COSTUME
Subject:        Costume interest

I have been reading H-Costume for several months now. Everyone seems so
knowledgable.

I just wonder what got you started or interested in historical costumes, =
and
what you do with them after they are made?


Wayne
johnson100@earthlink.net

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 4 Nov 1996 23:46:01 -0800
From:    Glenna Jo & Bill Christen <gwjchris@RUST.NET>
Subject: Re: Hat Customs

Dale Loberger wrote:

> My question is about the custom of men taking their hats off indoors.
> When did this custom come about?  How has it been observed by various
> classes or by civilians vs. military?

I can't say when it came about since it was firmly established by the
time of the American Civil War, but I expect it has a long history at
least in court and church applications as a sign of respect to uncover
before higher authority (God and God appointed royalty.)

Based on period engravings, period etiquette books, period military
regulations, and continuing usage in my lifetime (starting before the
"anything goes" attitude of the 1960's!) I offer the following info
appropriate at least for the US during the mid to late 1800's.

Gentlemen remove their hats when entering a smaller or private building
(home, small businesses, church, etc.)  It is acceptable to leave them on
when in larger indoor public spaces when removing one's hat would be an
awkward inconvienience such as lobbies, etc. but once a man enters an
office, theater seating area, or where ever arrangements for placing
hats, etc. are available.  A gentleman should remove his hat when
speaking to a lady or anyone else deserving of such respectful attention.
(If outside, formally lifting and replacing the hat is sufficient to show
respect in most cases.)

The only time a military man would follow other rules regarding hats is
if he is on duty and "under arms" (i.e. wearing side arms as part of his
responsibilities such as for guard duty, etc.  In this case his hat is
part of his uniform and removing his hat would potentially interfere with
his duty to protect who or whatever he is guarding.

If anyone has other information on this topic, I'd appreciate hearing
about it.  Period etiquette is one of my areas of interest.

Glenna Jo Christen
gwjchris@rust.net

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 4 Nov 1996 23:23:37 -0500
From:    REVUPNGO@AOL.COM
Subject: Harlequin Clown

Hi all -
I'm making a Harlequin costume for a commercial, and wonder if
there are any distinguishing features that are absolutely neccesary
to the portrayal. For instance, my research shows (sometimes) a braid,
or tape trim running down the outside seam. Most of my books show
a rather tight fitting pant and jacket-- True form?
Thanks so much.
Dollye Elkins Dorris

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 3 Nov 1996 to 4 Nov 1996
**************************************************

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There are 17 messages totalling 542 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. Costume interest (2)
  2. naalbinding
  3. Naalbinding
  4. H-COSTUME Digest - 3 Nov 1996 to 4 Nov 1996 (2)
  5. FWD>Undelivered mail
  6. 1880 Fashion tips (fwd) (2)
  7. Hat Customs
  8. cotton gauze, and web page
  9. 1770's bum roll (2)
 10. DRAMA
 11. leather source
 12. men with/without hats
 13. Can you suggest.....

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 5 Nov 1996 09:09:05 +0500
From:    Ann Orr <lneheart@VIANET.ON.CA>
Subject: Re: Costume interest

>I have been reading H-Costume for several months now. Everyone seems so
>knowledgable.
>
>I just wonder what got you started or interested in historical costumes, and
>what you do with them after they are made?

Good question, Wayne.

What got me started.  Well, I spent my time after school in the Drama Club.
Part of acting is the costumes.  They are a part of each character.  What
they wear, how they wear it and when they would wear a particular outfit.
It contributes to bringing a character alive.

My SO and I started off simply adding patches and badges to shirts for a
'military' look.  Something to wear around the halls at SF Conventions.  We
'graduated' from that sort of thing very quickly and have since designed a
few costumes most of which have been presented at Costume Cons.  Ron
designs the heads for all our furry costumes and I sew up the bodysuits.
'Romeo' [a porcupine] and 'D.D. Kitty' [a grey cat] are, so far, the only
ones we've worn in parades.

My historical interests are mainly from this century - 20's to present day.
Though I haven't had the chance to make anything, yet.  I've a special
interest in Erte's work.  There's a stack of photocopies from various books
of his designs sitting on my shelf here.  When I find the time I fulling
intend to complete the Erte project I started a couple of years ago.
Having 2 kids often makes it harder for me to get to what I'd _like_ to be
doing.

What to I do with them afterwards?  We have had occasion to wear most of
our costumes more than two or three times.  When they start to look a
little worn around the edges we 'recycle' what we can of the fabrics,
trims, etc. into new costumes.  In some cases the costumes can be combined
to give them a 'new' look.

Lone Heart, lneheart@vianet.on.ca
So many ideas, so little time!

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 5 Nov 1996 10:35:56 -0500
From:    Elizabeth W Mcpherson <emcpher+@PITT.EDU>
Subject: naalbinding

I am interested in any material you have regarding naalbinding. I have
been trying some experiments since my visit to Jorvik last year where Zi
saw the "Coppergate sock".
Thanks, Ealasaid

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 4 Nov 1996 17:37:00 GMT
From:    "Chandler, Sally A." <S.A.Chandler@SHU.AC.UK>
Subject: Naalbinding

Tess has kindly sent me the information on naalbinding.  Anyone in the UK
who would like a copy, would you please send me an s.a.e. large enough to
take A4 paper, with 38p of stamps.

Sally Ann Chandler
49, Washington Grove
Bentley
Doncaster
DN5 9RJ

and I'll send the information on to you!

Best wishes,

Sally Ann

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 5 Nov 1996 15:15:00 +0000
From:    TEDDY <TEDDY1@MDX.AC.UK>
Subject: Re: H-COSTUME Digest - 3 Nov 1996 to 4 Nov 1996

> Subject: Re: Costume interest
>
> On Sat, 2 Nov 1996, Wayne Johnson wrote:
> > I just wonder what got you started or interested in historical costumes, and
> > what you do with them after they are made?

Science Fiction Conventions!

I had been entering costumes in SF/Fantasy Con Masquerades for a
couple of years.  My area of interest was always more Fantasy than
SF, and a lot of Fantasy stuff has vaguely medieval (or other
historical) settings.  Strangely enough, however, only my first
costume reflected this interest, a mage (red velvet, floor length
robe, cloak and hood - adapted from a shapeless dress pattern and
"winging it" for the rest).  The gold skin, white hair and asthmatic
voice were incidental.

I fell in with a bad crowd, and got involved with organising Masque
the first British Costume Convention.  Some of those involved were
in a "medieval" society, and I made myself some sewn hose (skin
tight "Kermit green" wool crepe, bias cut) and bought a velvet
Italian Renaissance doublet from a BBC costume sale to wear to one
of their events.  I was hooked.

I have dipped into several periods/places covered by the group (500 -
1603/no geographical restrictions) and have, at times, shamelessly
mix-and-matched sleeves, bodies, leg coverings and fabrics from
different periods and places.

An extreme case for the benefit of those like me who <<don't>> stick
strictly to a given period.  A *bright* orange (1970's curtains)
brocade Renaissance doublet with huge, elaborately dagged,
houpellande sleeves,  a matching codpiece, ankle boots and liripipe
hood/shoulder-cape.  Add a lining of calico, dyed fucia (showing in
the dagged turnbacks of the sleeves, hood and boots), and matching
wool-crepe hose and bows fastening the lot together.  The girl who
was getting rif of the curtains (because she hated them) was
certainly surprized when I first wore it!

Others, like my English Civil War kit for Sealed Knot events, are
more accurate, but I'll never subscribe to the "correct fibres and
dyes" level of accuracy in my costuming.  I make most of 'em out of
old curtains and very cheap fabrics, and often get the silhouette
right if not the fibres and/or cut.  I do other periods too, as
fancy/occasion dictates, and *find* places to wear them.  A gothic
ball, an Edwardian dinner party or Murder Mystery event, a Victorian
Vampire live role-play or a Costume Guild UK visit to an historic
location.  Then there's always hall-costume and Masquerades at
SF/Fantasy and costume Conventions.

I'm lucky, I can get away with wearing quite a bit of it to work.
My "mundane" clothes are considered outlandish by most peoples'
standards so the historical and SF costumes aren't anything special
by comparison.

My collection is depeleted.  I gained a much needed 3stone over the
last three years so have found new homes for a lot of the stuff that
no longer fits and can't be altered.  Horror of horrors, now I have
to make a whole lot of new costumes to fill the gaps :D

Teddy
teddy1@mdx.ac.uk
                                              ======================
Bibliographical Services Dept.               * If a costume's worth *
Middlesex University                         * making, it's worth   *
Bounds Green Road                            * making well enough   *
London, N11 2NQ                              * for every-day wear.  *
England                                       ======================
Tel No.(0181) 362 6405

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 5 Nov 1996 08:53:46 -0700
From:    Karen Lovejoy <karen.lovejoy@TXGTWY.MCIS.WASHINGTON.EDU>
Subject: FWD>Undelivered mail

Mail*Link=A8 SMTP               FWD>Undelivered mail


Mail*Link( SMTP               FWD>RE>Hat Customs




I can't say when it came about since it was firmly established by the
time of the American Civil War, but I expect it has a long history at
least in court and church applications as a sign of respect to uncover
before higher authority (God and God appointed royalty.)


Gentlemen remove their hats when entering a smaller or private building
(home, small businesses, church, etc.)  It is acceptable to leave them on
when in larger indoor public spaces when removing one's hat would be an
awkward inconvienience such as lobbies, etc. but once a man enters an
office, theater seating area, or where ever arrangements for placing
hats, etc. are available.  A gentleman should remove his hat when
speaking to a lady or anyone else deserving of such respectful attention.
(If outside, formally lifting and replacing the hat is sufficient to show
respect in most cases.)>>>>

Growing up in Texas and having the cowboys regularly doffing their hats, =
I've
always been intriqued by the fact that men have to remove their hats in t=
he
"presence of higher authority", ie. church, etc., but women do not.  Does
this mean that women are a higher authority? ;-)  Seriously though, my
suspicion is that it's more a way of reinforcing female inferiority.  Aft=
er
all, I suspect the reason women didn't have to do it is because their hai=
r
was always considered an erogenous zone and for them to uncover it would =
be
most unseemly.  Probably why they wore so many hat pins, it made it that =
much
harder to remove the hat.  Just my (admittedly biased) opinion.  :-)

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 5 Nov 1996 12:51:34 -0500
From:    Gretchen M Beck <grm@ANDREW.CMU.EDU>
Subject: 1880 Fashion tips (fwd)

---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Sun, 03 Nov 1996 12:45:00 +0200
From: Ms Louise Walton <louisew@gem.co.za>
To: h-costume-request@andrew.cmu.edu
Subject: 1880 Fashion tips

Hi Andrew

I'm performing in 'The Importance of Being Earnest' by Oscar Wilde and
am playing Lady Bracknell. Do you know of Internet sights where I can
get some idea of the 1880 fashion? Does your mailing list deal with
theatrical costumes in that period and sources for these supplies in
Cape Town?

Regards
Louise Walton

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 5 Nov 1996 22:00:55 -0800
From:    Fred Struthers <fsbks@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Hat Customs

Dale Loberger wrote:
>
> My question is about the custom of men taking their hats off indoors.
> When did this custom come about?  How has it been observed by various
> classes or by civilians vs. military?  I am specifically interested in
> America (more specifically in the South).

I looked up "doffing" in Colin McDowell's excellent book, "HATS: Status,
Style & Glamour". He tells us that doffing the hat is a sign of respect
dating back centuries to the court as a show of respect toward the King,
and then in the wider world toward any of one's betters. In the 19th
century <how> one doffed his hat became very important and signified
various things like satus or personality.

Doffing the hat was of course a mark of respect toward a lady and so
doing so when entering a house was necessary in deference to the lady of
the house.

Regarding American street etiquette I quote from Martine's Handbook &
Vulgarisms in Converstation (1866 republished by RL Shep 1988):
Never <nod> to a lady in the street, neither be satisfied with touching
your hat, <but take it off> -- it is a courtesty her sex demands.

Fred Struthers

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 5 Nov 1996 14:26:42 -0600
From:    Robin Findlay <findlay@GRIFFON.MWSC.EDU>
Subject: Re: 1880 Fashion tips (fwd)

There is a "costume Page" on the internet. use a web searcher and type in
Costume Page . There you will find listings of places to look for
pictures that can be downloaded.

Best Wishes

Robin

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Walter Robin Findlay                       Phone: 816-271-4452
Associate Professor of Theatre            E-mail:findlay@griffon.mwsc.edu
Missouri Western State College            Fax: 816-232-0978
4525 Downs Drive                          Voice Mail: 816-387-3117
St. Joseph, Mo. 64507

        is that all there is........
                                        peggy lee
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------


On Tue, 5 Nov 1996, Gretchen M Beck wrote:

> ---------- Forwarded message ----------
> Date: Sun, 03 Nov 1996 12:45:00 +0200
> From: Ms Louise Walton <louisew@gem.co.za>
> To: h-costume-request@andrew.cmu.edu
> Subject: 1880 Fashion tips
>
> Hi Andrew
>
> I'm performing in 'The Importance of Being Earnest' by Oscar Wilde and
> am playing Lady Bracknell. Do you know of Internet sights where I can
> get some idea of the 1880 fashion? Does your mailing list deal with
> theatrical costumes in that period and sources for these supplies in
> Cape Town?
>
> Regards
> Louise Walton
>

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 5 Nov 1996 13:39:07 -0700
From:    Deborah Wooten <blonde@AZSTARNET.COM>
Subject: cotton gauze, and web page

Hi all,
Since this is a first posting, I'd like to say greetings to everyone!
I am looking for cotton Gauze wholesale from a mill, anyone have
any idea where to look?  I am in Tucson AZ and need to find it for a friend.
Now also I Make Padded Armor and ask if you could take a look at my updated
sewing page. Tell me what you think.
http://www.azstarnet.com/~blonde/sewing.html

Deborah
******************************************************************
Please read slowly I'm Blonde!
Countess Baroness Deborah Lady Mightrinwood CB AoA
AKA Debbie Wooten
blonde@azstarnet.com
http://www.azstarnet.com/~blonde/index.html
http://www.azstarnet.com/~kutedge/index.html
******************************************************************

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 5 Nov 1996 15:44:02 -0500
From:    Carodec@AOL.COM
Subject: 1770's bum roll

Does anyone have good instructions for making a late 1770's bum roll?
I've worn my period gowns over pocket hoops up till now, but the new
one calls for a bum roll. I've seen pictures, and could probably wing it,
but would prefer guidance from my kind fellow-listees.

Thanks,

Caroline in PA
Carodec@aol.com   or   enilorac@voicenet.com

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 5 Nov 1996 17:13:18 -0600
From:    Deb <BADDORF@WARNER.FNAL.GOV>
Subject: Re: 1770's bum roll

Quick & Dirty  (good to test what size bum roll you want)
   Roll up a towel,  the long way.   Tie it at several
   places with shoelaces.  Attach to hips  (I've not actually
   tried one of these ... maybe you need to put a lonnng
   shoelace or webbing in the middle of the towel before
   you roll it)

Decide what size bum-roll you want (from testing several
sized towels;  somebody even used a blanket, I think, and
it looked real good on her).   Then, calculate the dimensions,
make a cyllinder of the appropriate size and stuff with
wadding  or left over fabric.

(Sorry -- that's not overly helpful so far)

TIPS that I found helpful:
   -  into both ends of the cyllinder,  sew a lace or webbing
          to tie it around the hips
   -  (NO documentation, but it works for me:)
       Sew at least 3 ties into the side of the cyllinder.
       One at each end,  and one or two evenly in the middle.
       THEN  tie another webbing around your waist.
       Tie these extra 3 (or 4) ties to the "waistband"
       and tie off so bumroll hangs at the appropriate distance
       down from waist.
   -  Now also tie the laces at the ENDS of the cyllinder, so
       that the bumroll is snug around your hips.

Clear as mud?



    ==========================================     waist webbing
        /             |             \
       /              |              \     vertical ties, for placement
      /  _____________|_______________\
    (   )                             (   )
---(     )                           (     )-------  bumroll, and hip ties
    ( __)_____________________________(   )


I'll bet it's STILL clear as mud.

Deb Baddorf
<===============================================>  <IX0YE><
Deb Baddorf             Costumer, RevWar re-enactor
baddorf@fnal.gov        Fort Ste Joseph's militia,  NWTA

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 31 Oct 1996 12:00:12 -0800
From:    BARBARA PHILIP <abpat@IPLABS.INS.GU.EDU.AU>
Subject: DRAMA

I WOULD LIKE INFORMATION AND IDEAS ON COSTUMES FOR THE PLAY BY JOHN
STEINBECK CALLED OF MICE AND MEN

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 5 Nov 1996 20:59:00 -0500
From:    "Suzanne M. Hye" <SuzanneHye@AOL.COM>
Subject: Re: leather source

In a message dated 96-11-02 22:44:33 EST, you write:

<<
 A while ago people posted some good mail-order sources for leather. I'm
 afraid I lost them. Would someone please repost these, either to the list or
 to me privately? Much appreciated!

 Gail Finke/gaelscot@aol.com

 PS: Need I say that I do NOT need the name or address of Tandy? >>

I sent Gail a list of leather suppliers.  Rather than post them all to the
list, if you would like a copy of my list, just e-mail me.
Suzanne Hye
P.S. - the list includes Tandy! (sorry, Gail)

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 5 Nov 1996 21:13:17 -0500
From:    Gaelscot@AOL.COM
Subject: men with/without hats

I don't know when it became polite for men to remove their hats indoors, but
I do know that it wasn't during the 16th century, at least in Italy. A
codified part of 16th century Italian dance was the man's bow or reverence,
which included removing and replacing his hat. According to dance manuals,
this same bow was done when not dancing as well (although, obviously, not to
music). So the man's hat was worn indoors, at least at balls.

Gail Finke/gaelscot@aol.com

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 5 Nov 1996 20:42:59 -0600
From:    "Sara J. Davitt" <ophelia@GLACI.COM>
Subject: Re: H-COSTUME Digest - 3 Nov 1996 to 4 Nov 1996

On Tue, 5 Nov 1996, TEDDY wrote:
> I have dipped into several periods/places covered by the group (500 -
> 1603/no geographical restrictions) and have, at times, shamelessly
> mix-and-matched sleeves, bodies, leg coverings and fabrics from
> different periods and places.
>
This phrase just reminded me of every pre-raphelite painting, or anyone
in those circles involved in the William Morris circles duing the 1800's

Has anyone else noticed such goofy things as sideless surcotes over
italian ren?... or is it just me, and they were indeed worn that way?

Just Curious,
Sarahj

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 5 Nov 1996 22:28:43 -0500
From:    SyRilla@AOL.COM
Subject: Can you suggest.....

Hello, my fellow costumers,
I am in need of titles of books that cover the 1500's to 1570's.  Mostly
England, but any and all other countries are included.  I need to learn in a
very short time everything about that time frame of clorthing.  From rich to
poor.  I have knowledge on  the nobility and upper class English, and some on
pesants, but what about the church, wenches, worriors, barbarians,sailors,
mythic folk (faires,elves,ogers), and any one else not coverd?
I can only borrow a few books at a time, so if there are any large (covers a
bit of everything) books, please enclude them in the list.
Thank you
Kimberly
SyRilla

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 5 Nov 1996 23:30:18 -0500
From:    "Penny E. Ladnier" <s0peladn@EROLS.COM>
Subject: Re: Costume interest

At 11:38 AM 11/2/96 -0800, you wrote:

>I just wonder what got you started or interested in historical costumes, and
>what you do with them after they are made?

I started sewing at the age of four. My Barbies had large wardrobes.  My mom
made all of eight of us kids clothes plus hers.  At eight y.o. mom put me in
front of a sewing machine.  The one thing I remember is if a didn't sew a
straight seam she made me rip it out.  I got real good at ripping out.  My
interest in clothing started with mom's McCall's magazines and Betsy McCall
(you can date me now) paper dolls.  Mom made me every dress Betsy had.

In High School, I took six years of Home Ec. and made all of my clothes.  I
had to be the first to wear a newest of fashion in the 70's at my school.
This lead me to collecting old Vogue patterns from the 40's & 50's. I was
also in the drama club. I also grew up in Biloxi, Mississippi with Mardi
Gras, can't help but love costumes.

In '75 I started college as a fashion major. I fell in love with the 1890's
costumes. After two years son #1 came along.  I started sewing for him.

Two years and another son later, I went back to college for a Home Ec.
Education degree until son #3 came along.

After sons #4 & #5, I gave up on sewing for boys.  We adopted, (I didn't
trust my husband anymore), a daughter for me to sew for.  On a radio
interview I was asked what I thought of the fashions of the 1980's.  I
responded, "In my house, the fashion was diapers, blue jeans and rock & roll
t-shirts."

I decided to go back to college to finish one of my degrees. The closest one
to finish was fashion.  I took two costume history classes in the theatre
dept. and fell in love. Now I am designing costumes, finally, and one
semester from graduating.  I am finally getting to do what I wanted to do
since I was a little girl. Next fall, I start graduate school with an
emphasis in costume history and design. Now, I love costumes from all periods.

As for all the costumes I made, they sit in my closet and I let students use
them when they have a project pretaining to the costumes' time period.

One note, my mother-in-law designed the most beautiful Mardi Gras costumes.
When she died, my inheritance was her boxes and boxes of costumes and fabric
dating back to 1940. I am so honored she left them to me.

Penny



Penny E. Ladnier, Virginia Commonwealth University
s0peladn@erols.com
http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/2157
member:
Costume Society of America
American Fashion Council
Association for Information Systems Professionals

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 4 Nov 1996 to 5 Nov 1996
**************************************************

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There are 16 messages totalling 530 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. 1880 Fashion tips (fwd)
  2. Costume interest (4)
  3. Source for Men's riding boots
  4. Surcotes over Italian ren
  5. 16th century clerics
  6. Costume - how it all started
  7. clerics
  8. Leather Source
  9. Books titles for clerical costume
 10. H-COSTUME Digest - 4 Nov 1996 to 5 Nov 1996
 11. Beginnings
 12. the hat question
 13. What do you eat with....

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 5 Nov 1996 23:50:58 -0500
From:    "Penny E. Ladnier" <s0peladn@EROLS.COM>
Subject: Re: 1880 Fashion tips (fwd)

I'm performing in 'The Importance of Being Earnest' by Oscar Wilde and
>am playing Lady Bracknell. Do you know of Internet sights where I can
>get some idea of the 1880 fashion? Does your mailing list deal with
>theatrical costumes in that period and sources for these supplies in
>Cape Town?

Louise,
I just finished designing costumes for "the I of BI".  They will be on my
web site as I paint them, probably in the next two weeks.  If you need
information sooner email me personally.
http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/2157

Penny



Penny E. Ladnier, Virginia Commonwealth University
s0peladn@erols.com
http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/2157
member:
Costume Society of America
American Fashion Council
Association for Information Systems Professionals

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 00:30:34 -0500
From:    Ed Safford & Carol Kocian <aquazoo@DCEZ.COM>
Subject: Re: Costume interest

        Wayne Johnson wrote,
>I have been reading H-Costume for several months now. Everyone seems so
>knowledgable.
>
>I just wonder what got you started or interested in historical costumes, and
>what you do with them after they are made?

        I also got interested in historic costume through a fantasy sort of
direction. While in High School, I knew of medieval groups (Markland
Medieval Mercenary Militia and the SCA) but for some reason thought I
needed to be in college to join. Meanwhile, I became a regular at the Rocky
Horror Picture Show (midnight cult movie), and developed an interest in
corsetry. I taught myself how to make corsets since there was no one around
to teach me!

        Earlier in life I did a lot of designing & making clothes for
Barbie dolls. I liked old movies, but wasn't quite into historic things.

        I joined Markland once I got into college & started making medieval
garb. At first I made styles that would get a reaction out of the guys in
the group rather than what was authentic. Eventually I did get more
interested in authenticity in Markland & also later when I joined the SCA.

        Eventually I was lured into Rev War reenacting. My first unit had a
great distaff leader, Frances Burroughs (who now works in the costume shop
at Colonial Williamsburg). Frances has high standards of authenticity &
enforced them in the group. I carried that with me while costuming for
other time periods & reenactment units.

        For reenactments, the clothing I make needs to be practical. I wear
it while performing camp chores & demonstrating period crafts such as
spinning. I'm also interested in period dance, so I make some
dressier/fancier clothing for that.

        There are plenty of things in the back of my closet that I've grown
beyond. A few in size, but many more are no longer up to my standards in
authenticity. Others are from time period activities that I seldom
participate in these days. I've unpicked some of the inauthentic costumes
with the intention of using the fabric in other clothing. Other items that
I don't wear anymore I simply keep because I enjoy looking at them.

        -Carol

*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*
This account is shared by Carol Kocian and Ed Safford. Carol can also be
e-mailed at ckocian@epe.org  Ed can be reached here.

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 5 Nov 1996 17:24:50 PST
From:    ches@IO.COM
Subject: Source for Men's riding boots

..o0*0o..

I called L.L. Bean and asked if they could share their source for the women's riding boot so that I could order MEN'S riding boots. Here is what they gave me and I called and got the rest of the following info. Happy buying!

Boots for men:
Dover Saddlery 1-800-989-1500
10.5 true to size tall black riding boot
height = 18"
side = 15.25"
inside = 15"
Ordering info: Novelle - 3809 Men's
119.70 none in stock until 4 weeks from now (11/1/96)

Call to ask if your size is in stock. All sizes are true to size so go to a payless or wherever and measure your foot on those thingys to confirm you size.


Lady Chiara

Ciao   @}\
Ches @}----`--,--
       @}/

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 7 Nov 1996 16:35:57 +1000
From:    "P. M. Ostwald" <phpmo@CC.NEWCASTLE.EDU.AU>
Subject: Re: Costume interest

On Sat, 2 Nov 1996, Wayne Johnson wrote:
 > I just wonder what got you started or interested in historical costumes, and
 > what you do with them after they are made?

What happens to the costumes later?

Well, anything between 600 and 1600 gets worn in the SCA, until it falls
apart, or I donate it to the Hospitallers box, for newcomers to wear - or
it is remade with greater accuracy in mind.

I lent a few of my outfits to my Aunt in North Queensland for a charity
fashion parade. (and was amused to discover new and innovative ways to wear
a henin, when she sent me photos of the models in my garb!)

The 18th century gowns Sharon and I made for a freeform just sit in our
wardrobes, waiting for an excuse.... any excuse....

Darn. I knew there was a reason for Halloween - an excuse to wear costumes!

Tricia (realising that Australia doesn't have a holiday where costume
wearing is encouraged)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Patricia Ostwald                           Newcastle Mater Hospital
Medical Physicist                          Locked Bag 7
Radiation Oncology Department              Newcastle Region Mail Centre

                                           2310, NSW, Australia

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 04:27:12 -0500
From:    Gary Stephens <garys@FLEXNET.COM>
Subject: Surcotes over Italian ren

Sarahj wrote:
>Has anyone else noticed such goofy things as sideless surcotes over
>italian ren?... or is it just me, and they were indeed worn that way?

        Actually, yes, although I think the style is rather elegant, not
goofy. :) Interesting how tastes vary. :) I've been noticing in a good many
paintings from the late 1400s how what we have come to know as Italian ren
- that is, a tightly fitting bodice and voluminous skirt over a highly
embroidered chemise - is often worn under yet another layer, although to
call it sideless, well, I'm not sure. Perhaps I've just not seen the
paintings to which you're refering. I have seen an extremely elegant
sleeveless coat with high collar, almost Edwardian. There's a sleeved
overgown with plunging neckline to display a heavily embroidered bodice.
And a few other variations as well.

        I think perhaps the Italians were simply slaves to fashion. Course,
with what was going on there at that time, who wouldn't have been?

Lorina J. Stephens
author of _Touring the Giant's Rib_ & _Credit River Valley_
http://web.idirect.com/~canuck/stephens/stephen.html
------------------------------------------------------------
assistant editor, art director
Maple Syrup Simmering
http://web.idirect.com/~canuck/canzine.html

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 04:27:20 -0500
From:    Gary Stephens <garys@FLEXNET.COM>
Subject: Costume interest

>>I just wonder what got you started or interested in historical costumes, and
>>what you do with them after they are made?

        I have to admit it was the SCA which started my interest, and that
has given way to a desire to create authentic work down to fully
embroidered cloth. And I suppose the interest in costuming reawakened an
old love - embroidery, so that I'm teased, not without justification, about
not being able to leave a plain cloth alone. That love has just led me into
embroidery restoration, and I am very nervously beginning my first, a
Berlin wool kneeler in rather bad repair.

        As to what I do with the costumes after they are made - I wear
them, or the people for whom I make them wear them. There is something
infinitely gratifying about seeing a piece you've worked on for two years,
embroidered extensively, moving about the body of the person for whom you
made the garment. The garment comes alive, has a majesty and grace all its
own.

Lorina J. Stephens
author of _Touring the Giant's Rib_ & _Credit River Valley_
http://web.idirect.com/~canuck/stephens/stephen.html
------------------------------------------------------------
assistant editor, art director
Maple Syrup Simmering
http://web.idirect.com/~canuck/canzine.html

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 09:16:23 GMT
From:    Jon Bagguley <ccx129@COVENTRY.AC.UK>
Subject: Costume interest

I've always made things, it runs in the family as does an interest in
history. I've made most of my own clothes since puberty when
everything stopped fitting and have always entered any fancy dress
competition going. I got into role-playing at university and did
several fantasy parties which were costumed. Then I failed to run
fast enough when a friend suggested I join a re-enactment group
she and several other friends were in and the rest is history. My first
costume was fairly bad but my excuse was that I copied the dress
I'd been lent and only found out later that it was no longer up to
standard, I learnt my lesson always check first.
        Most of my personal costume wears out though that first
dress became trimmings on a coat. Our re-enactment schedule is
fairly full and hard on the clothes. Most of my costume is made for
other people who also wear it to death or grow out of it, my
smallest clients have a wonderful habit of growing in the week
between making them something and them wearing it!

Esther Reeves ( on my husband's account )

Temporal  Schizophrenia : when you refer to both 15th and 20th
century as modern and anything in between  as old fashioned !

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 09:18:58 GMT
From:    Jon Bagguley <ccx129@COVENTRY.AC.UK>
Subject: 16th century clerics

Hi,
        I wonder if people could give me their expertise on 16th
century English clerics (priests) and what they wore as everyday
wear. I know quite a bit about normal 16th century clothing and
about modern vestments and such but till now haven't needed to
combine them and my sources seem to be a bit deficient on the
subject. I'm most interested in the first half of the 16th century but
also the 50 years before and after e.g. 1450 -1600. I know that they
were wearing a distinctive outfit and can work out several
possibilities from a few portraits but would like to get it right first
time.

Esther Reeves ( on my husband's account )

Temporal  Schizophrenia : when you refer to both 15th and 20th
century as modern and anything in between  as old fashioned !

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 11:27:04 +0000
From:    Maggie Percival <maggie@IREADH.DEMON.CO.UK>
Subject: Costume - how it all started

>
>>I have been reading H-Costume for several months now. Everyone seems so
>>knowledgable.
>
>>I just wonder what got you started or interested in historical costumes, and
>>what you do with them after they are made?

I must admit that I have found everyone's answers to this question
fascinating - so here's my bit.

I have to confess that when I was at school I hated sewing lessons - and
when it came to designing clothes in art classes I was completely
hopeless.  I loved watching historical costume dramas on TV - you know,
The Six Wives of Henry VIII (I was nine at the time) and the following
Elizabeth R, and I had a natural love of history up to around 1603 (I
didn't find the following periods anything like as fascinating for some
reason).  Then I joined the Tolkien Society and made my first costume
for one of its events.  I bought the book "Evolution of Fashion" by Hill
and Bucknell and decided to make a costume that combined ideas from two
of the medieval designs (remember we're talking fantasy here).  I don't
think I will ever forget the expression on my mother's face (no mean
needleworker herself) as she saw me lay the fabric on the living room
floor, get some tailors chalk and draw out the pattern straight onto the
fabric and then cut it out - this from a daughter who had given up
sewing at school at the first opportunity.

The real break through, however, came at college.  I did a degree in
Performing Arts and at the end of the first year we had to opt for being
involved in one of three productions or going onto the design team which
would be responsible for the designs for them.  I opted for the dance
production (dance was my subsiduary subject and I thought it would be a
good idea to get some experience of being in a dance production).  Three
days into rehearsal I broke my foot and was reassigned to the design
team (it was the only thing I could do given that one leg was encased in
plaster up to my knee).  As it happened I had already sketched out a few
ideas before the accident occurred and when the design lecturer saw them
he put me in charge of the costume designs for the dance production.  I
was hooked - in the second and third years of the degree we were
required to specialise to some extent and not surprisingly I opted for
theatrical design although at that point I was much more interested in
designing sets.

As it happened I chose not to follow a career in theatrical design, but
I continued to make costumes - all of them fantasy based, and like Teddy
it was through this that I became involved in Masque, the British
Costume convention and met up with people in Medieval Societies.  Then
about two years ago a viral infection had a nasty complication which
resulted in a temporary arthritic condition in my knees.  While this was
being sorted out I found myself sitting around rather alot (moving was
very painful until they found out what the problem was and treated it)
and I took the opportunity to do some research into historical costume
in England from the years 1066 to 1558 (I still haven't plucked up the
courage to tackle Elizabethan yet).  That was it - hooked again.  Like
Teddy I don't go in for correct fabrics (due to cost) and I don't
handstitch all my stuff (due to lack of time) although all the finishing
and any embroidery required is done by hand, and I will try to get the
cut right (though that can cause problems as there is often so little
direct evidence for my main areas of interest in historical costume -
English costume from 1066 to 1558).  And of course I still do fantasy
costumes (which requires a completely different approach) and I still
love designing for dance.
--
Maggie Percival

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 07:20:40 -0500
From:    D Lawson <delawson@HAMLET.UCS.INDIANA.EDU>
Subject: Re: clerics

Speaking of clerics...  I'm working on a novel set in the early 1890s and
one of my characters is a Jesuit priest.  Problem is, I've had a heck of a
time finding any kind of detailed description of a cassock in that time
period.  Does anyone have this information or know of sources I can check?
I'm at a loss.  Even a movie title would help.

Thanks so much.  Great list, by the way.

Deb Lawson

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 07:28:42 -0600
From:    "Dennis Bednarek Mfg 4-6971 ~BHOSVWZ#097"
         <bednarek@TIDALWAVE.MED.GE.COM>
Subject: Leather Source

pP
Some lady was looking for a leather source mail order?  Well I have not
come across any but a word of caution on this.  Leather quality can vary
cosiderably even within a single shipment.  If your not buying in quantity
for several different projects I find best to hand pick my pieces to assure
they match good enough for my project.

A chain of shops that exists across the country and is very helpfull is
Tandy Leather.  However if your buying for a large project or in quantity
there prices do not give you a big enough break.  For quantity purchases
try looking for a local tannery.

dennis


---------------------------------------------------------------------------

return address:                                  bednarekd@picard.med.ge.com
home phone:                                             414-363-7082
work phone:                                             414-521-6962
GE. MED.  MR Manufacturing  2nd Shift

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 10:14:09 -0600
From:    harry billings <psobaka@MAIL.MYRIAD.NET>
Subject: Books titles for clerical costume

As the title stated I'm looking for titles for books that cover clerical
garb.  I have a gentleman who wishes to play a Friar in a fantasy recreation
game.  He wishes to be as accurate as possible, but he doesn't know which
type of friar he wishes to be.  Books with clear pictures would be greatly
appreciated as then I can show him what I mean.

Thanks in advance.

Mieka
psobaka@mail.myriad.net

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 09:18:44 -0800
From:    Gail DeCamp <gdecamp@BEST.COM>
Subject: Re: H-COSTUME Digest - 4 Nov 1996 to 5 Nov 1996

Greetings to the list!

Actually, I always assumed that women did not remove their hats (in
church or
in social situations) because it would lead to a nasty (and ugly!) case
of hat hair.
Also, to keep those gorgeous milinery creations on our heads we had to pin
them there-- and watching someone carefully insert a 6" pin into her head
is
always unnerving for me!

Gail DeCamp
gdecamp@best.com

>I've always been intriqued by the fact that men have to remove their hats in
t=
>he "presence of higher authority", ie. church, etc., but women do not.  Does
>this mean that women are a higher authority? ;-)  Seriously though, my
>suspicion is that it's more a way of reinforcing female inferiority.  Aft=
>er
>all, I suspect the reason women didn't have to do it is because their hair
>was always considered an erogenous zone and for them to uncover it would =
>be most unseemly.  Probably why they wore so many hat pins, it made it that =
>much harder to remove the hat.  Just my (admittedly biased) opinion.  :-)

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 17:02:00 BST
From:    Mrs C S Yeldham <csy20688@GGR.CO.UK>
Subject: Beginnings

I've been prompted to answer these questions because my experience is so
different from the other people who have answered - no fantasy, nothing to
do with SF (I just read it extensively!).

I was very poor at sewing at school, but found I had to make some of my own
clothes later on as I couldn't get what I wanted in my size, or in fabric I
liked.  I've always loved beautiful fabrics, especially natural fibres and
have developed some skill in choosing wools, which is odd because that's
what my grandfather used to do for a living (wool tester for Lancashire
wool mills).  However, these were modern clothes and I didn't think of
making fantasy or historic clothes.

About 10 years ago a friend persuaded me to go to Kentwell Hall (needless
to say in the event she couldn't go, so I went by myself).  In order to go
I had to make an outfit, 1520 lower gentry, to reasonably high standards -
we were encouraged to use wool and cotton for example.  From skin out,
smocks, kirtle, gown, coif and headrail and shoes (handmade, of leather),
starting in March and finishing in June - I'd never sewn leather before,
never mind made shoes!.  Looking back I don't know how I did it, I was
really learning on the job.  The smocks, coifs and headrail were cotton,
the kirtle and gown wool, lined with cotton and boned.  It fitted
incredibly badly but I was hooked.

I've gone on learning on the job - the gentry at Kentwell, who make outfits
very specific for the year (ie 1520 will not do for 1529) have a saying
that you know how to make the clothes for a year by the end of that year's
event.  I also branched into embroidery of the 16th century, and then got
hooked on the food, so the clothes became plainer (middle class).  I also
made clothes for other people, usually middle-class, and for my husband.
It was for him I made the outfit I am proudest of, 1579 peascod belly (and
hose of course) of black wool slashed (all over) to cream satin with gold
braid down the front and on the tabs and piccadills.  The front is as stiff
as a plank, but its not too uncomfortable to wear (mind you, he stopped
being gentry after that!)

As for what happens to the clothes, some are re-cut into other clothes but
most are sitting in a very large wardrobe at home - thye get looked over
periodically, and if a suitable event comes along ....  We have one bedroom
given over to costume, leather-working and books on the subject and related
subjects.  We've just re-built the wardrobe to give a decent drop for the
long gowns, and the rest of the room is in the process of being
re-organised to better accommodate bits and pieces.

However, we have now moved from 16th more into 15th century, which means a
whole new set of clothes and acoutrements!

On fabrics, I started on natural fibres and have moved more and more
towards authenticity.  The next stage, which has begun, is moving from
cotton for smocks and linings, to linen.  The problem there is getting hold
of it at reasonable prices (not easy in the UK, especially the lighter
weights - Herts Fabrics stock heavy-weight linens, if you are interested).
Some of the Kentwell gentry are now talking about silk velvet instead of
cotton velvet, which, given the price and rarity of silk velvet, is really
saying velvet shouldn't be used.  On dyes, at the moment I'm happy with
fabrics that look as tho' they used natural dyes and with appropriate
weaving techniques.  Who's to say where the quest for authenticity will go
next!


Caroline

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 17:59:08 -0500
From:    Rebecca Marler <Rlmarler@AOL.COM>
Subject: Re: the hat question

There are probably several reasons (just guesswork or perhaps deductions)
about why women didn't remove their hats and men did/do.

Consider how heavily the Anglo-Saxon world of costumes has been influenced by
the church, where fashion dictates that a woman have her head covered, I
would guess that this is where the custom started and not with hairstyles
(originally anyway since hairstyles in the 12th century probably weren't all
that elaborate to begin with).

Also, having a woman's face, head, or hair covered seems to derive from the
Middle Eastern countries, again where the Christian faith originated, in
addition to the Jewish and the Muslim.

Just throwing this out there.
Becky

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 23:19:23 -0500
From:    SyRilla@AOL.COM
Subject: What do you eat with....

Hello, my wonderful friends,
I have been asked about the place setting on a 1500's table.  What type of
silverwear Plates, cups,  napkins? I told them I didn't know but I  would
ask.
Thank you again for you help.
Kimberly

BTW. I absolutely love this list.  I have learned so much from everyone.

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 5 Nov 1996 to 6 Nov 1996
**************************************************

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Subject:  H-COSTUME Digest - 6 Nov 1996 to 7 Nov 1996
To: Recipients of H-COSTUME digests <H-COSTUME@BROWNVM.brown.edu>

There are 22 messages totalling 683 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. Naalbinding packet update
  2. men with/without hats (3)
  3. What do you eat with... (long)
  4. Burnley & Trowbridge (2)
  5. [Fwd: Costuming beginnings]
  6. What do you eat with.... (2)
  7. How did I get Started?
  8. Reenactment Societies (2)
  9. Burnley and Trowbridge catalog
 10. wedding dresses... (3)
 11. Marketplace in Bethlehem
 12. eyeglasses
 13. How I got into costuming (long)
 14. Anne of Cleves
 15. Burnley & Trowbridge catalog

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 21:19:39 -0800
From:    Chris Laning <claning@IGC.APC.ORG>
Subject: Naalbinding packet update

Thanks to everyone who offered to send me a copy of the naalbinding packet
so I could distribute more copies. I think I will have a copy within a week
or so. Anyway, I'll announce it when I do. Several people have already
e-mailed me asking for copies and are in my "holding file."

Sally Chandler <S.A.Chandler@SHU.AC.UK> is handling requests for copies in
the UK; Sarah Randles <s-randles@ADFA.OZ.AU> will be handling requests in
Australia, and I'll be dealing with continental North America. People who
live anywhere we haven't covered are probably welcome to ask whichever of
us seems closest. Each of us will set our own price to cover costs of
copying and postage. There is supposed to be about thirty pages of
material.

Just a reminder that if all you are doing is asking for a copy of the info,
please do so via private e-mail and not to the list.

Chris

____________________________________________________________
O   Chris Laning
|   <CLaning@igc.apc.org>
+    Davis, California
____________________________________________________________

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 21:19:48 -0800
From:    Chris Laning <claning@IGC.APC.ORG>
Subject: Re: men with/without hats

Gail Finke wrote,

>I don't know when it became polite for men to remove their hats indoors, but
>I do know that it wasn't during the 16th century, at least in Italy. A
>codified part of 16th century Italian dance was the man's bow or reverence,
>which included removing and replacing his hat. According to dance manuals,
>this same bow was done when not dancing as well (although, obviously, not to
>music). So the man's hat was worn indoors, at least at balls.
>

However, men removed their hats *as a sign of respect* (whether indoors or
out) in England at least that far back. George Fox, the founder of
Quakerism (admittedly a bit later, 1650s), preached that such "hat honor"
should be given only to God. He and quite a number of other Quakers got
thrown in jail, beaten up, and other such things because they would not
"put off their hats" to the King, to the judge in the courtroom, et cetera.
(One young man got a beating when he would not take off his hat to his
father.)

Up until the late nineteenth century, when many Quakers gave up wearing the
traditional "plain dress," it was quite common to see Quakers arrive at
Meeting on Sunday, go inside, and sit down for worship with their hats (or
bonnets, for women) firmly on their heads. However, when someone arose to
"minister," the hat or bonnet would be removed -- in particular, there are
stories of small children knowing when a woman was about to stand and
speak, because before she stood up, she'd reach up to untie her bonnet
strings. And if someone in Meeting felt moved to kneel and pray aloud,
everyone else would stand and remove their hats. This was a particular sign
of being in God's presence.

____________________________________________________________
O   Chris Laning
|   <CLaning@igc.apc.org>
+    Davis, California
____________________________________________________________

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 22:14:04 -0800
From:    Elizabeth Pruyn <iteach@SLIP.NET>
Subject: Re: What do you eat with... (long)

>Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 23:19:23 -0500
>From:    SyRilla@AOL.COM
>Subject: What do you eat with....

>Hello, my wonderful friends,
>I have been asked about the place setting on a 1500's table.  What type of
>silverwear Plates, cups,  napkins? I told them I didn't know but I  would
>ask.
>Thank you again for you help.

Kimberly,

Hi there. If you are talking about an English table in the 1500's, think
simple.  There aren't the table decorations that we think of in a modern
table.  White linen, cups on a side board, mixed silver, petwer or wooden
plates, or shared bread trenchers is the basic look. Some books that have
good information and pictures of meals on the subject include:

Medival Cookbook, The Black, Maggie  Thames & Hudson New York  1993
Fabulous Feasts Cosman, Madeleine Pelner   George Braziller  New York  1976
Black, Maggie,  Food and Cooking in Medieval Britain; History and Recipes,
English Heritage, England,   1985.
Brett, Gerard, Dinner is Served, Rupert Hart Davis. 1968.
Cooper, Charles, The English Table in History and Literature, London,
Sampson Low, Marston and Co.,  Ltd.
Drummond, J.C., and Wilbraham, A.  The Englishman's Food: A History of
Five Centuries of English  Diet. Readers Union, 1939.
Furnivall, Frederick, ed.  Early English Meals and Manners, Early English
Text Society, Original Series, no. 32, 1894.
Hackwood, Frederick W.,  Inns, Ales and Drinking Customs of Old England,
Holme, Bryan, Princely Feasts and Festivals- Five Centuries of Pagentry
and Spectacle, Thames and Hudson, London, 1988.
Mennell, Stephan,  All Manners of Food; Eating and Taste in England and
France from the Middle Ages to  the Present,  Basil Blackwell, Inc.,
Oxford, 1986.
Wheaton, Barbara Ketcham, Savoring the Past; The French Kitchen and Table
from 1300 to 1789, Simon & schuster, New York, 1983.
Wildblood, Joan and Brinson, Peter,  The Polite World: a Guide to English
Manners and Deportment from the 13th to the 19th Century, 1965.
Wilson, C.A.  Food and Drink in Britain from the Stone Age to Recent Times.
1973.

If you'd like more information, please email me off list as this isn't
really costume related though I could go on for hours.  I like to the table
look as good as the dress...

Yours,
Elizabeth

Elizabeth Pruyn     iteach@slip.net     Oakland, CA

"If I had been around when Rubens was painting, I would have been revered
as a fabulous model.  Kate Moss?  Well, she would have been the paint
brush..."  - Dawn French

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 22:40:25 -0800
From:    Diana Habra <dch@INREACH.COM>
Subject: Burnley & Trowbridge

Hey everyone!

I just got my Burnley & Trowbridge catalog in the mail and boy do they
have some really cool stuff!  Different colored linens for $8 a yard!
Different colored wools for $8 a yard (most of them 60in wide!!)!!  And
other really neat stuff like linen thread, costuming books, belt buckles
and buttons.  And they are REALLY nice.

The address is:

        Burnley & Trowbridge
        319 Oaktree Road
        Williamsburg, VA 23188

or e-mail them at Jasburn@aol.com

Hope you all can use this resource!

Rose :~>

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 23:47:15 -0800
From:    Thane&Aislinn <rosewood@STOCKTON.NET>
Subject: [Fwd: Costuming beginnings]

Message-ID: <32816DF8.36E0@stockton.net>
Date: Wed, 06 Nov 1996 21:04:56 -0800
From: Thane&Aislinn <rosewood@stockton.net>
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Subject: Costuming beginnings
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
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Hello to H-costume:

Until now I have been a avid lurker on this list, only sending messages
to individuals who have requested information in my areas of expertise.
But I felt I had to respond with the origin of my interest in costume.

I think my interest started in the cradle. I was always writing my own
little plays in my head and forcing my brothers to dress up and act along
with me. My mother got me into embroidery at age 5 because she thought it
would teach me patience. (This is still a foreign concept to me. I do a
lot of embroidery but always feel I can't wait to finish something so I
can see how it turns out!)

I was an indifferent and inept sewer in Junior High Home Ec, even
managing to break a sewing machine needle off in my thumb. (Never look up
at someone while the machine is running.) So I swore off it for almost
ten years until I stumbled into the SCA. For my first few years in the
group, I begged and pleaded and finagled my friends into making me
clothes. But I found it was a burden on my friends and things were never
done on time or done well enough to satisfy my own imagination. So I took
matters into my own hands, even though I was terrified of sewing
machines.

The first piece of clothing I made was a Tudor gown complete with corest,
hoops, hoop cover, underdress (beaded within a inch of it's life :),
overdress and French hood. I was extremely lucky because a dear friend of
mine was a Laurel and she coached me through this opus. From then on I
was hooked. I read everything on the subject of medieval clothing I could
get my hands on and built a great reputation for passing on all knowledge
that I had acquired.

17 years later, I am still a member of the SCA, having acheived both a
Laurel and Pelican for making clothing. I always endeavor to make my
clothes from the most accurate types of cloth I can find and am now
making a high necked Elizabethan mainly by hand, including making my own
bias tape trims.

Thanks to my love of costume and fabric, I now work in the real world in
the design department of an up-and-coming women's snow-board apparel
company and I finally love my job. (Much better than 21 years in
insurance. Thank you, Gwyn, for getting me this job!)

I appreciate the time you all have taken to read this rambling message.
If anyone needs help with Elizabethan, Italian Renaissance, Cavalier
costume or blackwork embroidery, feel free to contact me directly.


Aislinn McKenney
aka: Mistress Aislinn Rowena MacKenzie

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 7 Nov 1996 08:57:11 -0500
From:    Sharron Fina <sfina@RETINA.ANATOMY.UPENN.EDU>
Subject: Re: What do you eat with....

Kimberly et al.,

>From what I have gathered on the subject, most anything placed on the
table was of practical use, no centerpieces, doilies, etc.  Most often
lighting came from wall hung torches or free-standing candelabras.

The knife was the main "eating" utensil.  Only include forks and napkins
(large:16"-18"  square) if you are doing Southern Europe, such as Italy or
parts of Germany.  I don't have anything definite on spoons.  Glass was
still extreme luxury, pottery or metals were the choice for drinking
goblets.  I haven't found much on plates, but I would use the same measure
for them as for goblets.  Lower classes used wood plates, goblets, and
bowls.

If anyone has differing information please let me know.  We are having a
feast soon and we are trying to be as authentic as possible (we're having
"peacock", spelled c-h-i-c-k-e-n, complete with tail feathers!)


Sharron Fina
sfina@retina.anatomy.upenn.edu
Philadelphia, PA  USA

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 7 Nov 1996 09:52:26 PST
From:    Lena Meyer <premier@BRUTUS.BRIGHT.NET>
Subject: Burnley & Trowbridge

Is there a charge for their catalog?

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 16:42:00 CST
From:    Mickie Erickson <Mickie@DECISIONSYS.COM>
Subject: How did I get Started?

G.I. Joe.
I got hooked on all of the cool uniforms (at least, that's why I learned
to sew)
And Lord of the Rings at far too early an age.
However, aside from a short hauberk of chainmail, I had a costuming
drought until college, where we had a small SCA branch (that sadly lasted
only a half year).  But that lit the costuming fires, and I was lost.
Amazing, isn't it, how you try to find ways of building costumes around a
particular artefact? (at least, of course, in the early period of
costuming)... i.e- "I've got this cool sword... What can I wear it with?"
Tom Erickson

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 6 Nov 1996 16:42:00 CST
From:    Mickie Erickson <Mickie@DECISIONSYS.COM>
Subject: Reenactment Societies

I know it's a bit off of our topic, but I've seen it referred to in a
number of other locations, and I'm wasting away from curiosity:
WHAT is the Sealed Knot? (If, of course, you're allowed to answer)
(I know it's British, & that's about it)
Tom Erickson

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 7 Nov 1996 08:26:42 -0800
From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Re: men with/without hats

in England at least that far back. George Fox, the founder of
> Quakerism (admittedly a bit later, 1650s), preached that such "hat honor"
> should be given only to God. He and quite a number of other Quakers got
> thrown in jail, beaten up, and other such things because they would not
> "put off their hats" to the King, to the judge in the courtroom, et cetera.
> (One young man got a beating when he would not take off his hat to his
> father.)
>
Orthodox Jews do not remove their hats either (but then neither does the
pope).

~!~ R.L. Shep

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 7 Nov 1996 16:54:19 +0000
From:    "kevin.peacock" <oa5kpe@ZEN.SUNDERLAND.AC.UK>
Subject: Re: Reenactment Societies

        Dear Mickie,
                        Its quite a complicated topic to actually delve
into but to put it simply they portray the English Civil War of the 17th
Century.  I am not actually in it myself but they are a major
society in Britain for their period. Being impartial here i can also say
that their equivelent the E.C.W society is also one of the major
Re-enactment/Living History societies in Britain.  I can't remember the
details but one of the Societies is well established in Living History, the
other in Battle re-enactment.

                I apologize for the lack of detail but i hope it has
answered your question,
                        'Faithfully'

                        Kevin.  68 DLI


On Wed, 6 Nov 1996, Mickie Erickson wrote:

> I know it's a bit off of our topic, but I've seen it referred to in a
> number of other locations, and I'm wasting away from curiosity:
> WHAT is the Sealed Knot? (If, of course, you're allowed to answer)
> (I know it's British, & that's about it)
> Tom Erickson
>

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 7 Nov 1996 09:36:13 -0800
From:    Cynthia Virtue <cvirtue@WELL.COM>
Subject: Re: What do you eat with....

I have a book which has color photos of majolica ware from about 1400
through 1700; some of them appear to be dinner dishes, although a lot are
pitchers and storage vessels.  They appear very similar to "traditional"
majolica patterns that I see sold in catalogs today; blues, greens, reds,
on white background -- very "loud" to my taste!

So if you wish to use tableware that matches the historic costume you
wear, consult your nearest library -- there may be books like mine listed.

Cynthia

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 7 Nov 1996 12:58:27 -0500
From:    Jim and Angela Burnley <Jasburn@AOL.COM>
Subject: Burnley and Trowbridge catalog

Dear Lena and List,
We appreciate the wonderful response you have given us!  We have also greatly
enjoyed the list!  To answer you question, Yes, there is a charge of $3.00
which includes fabric swatches.  Our address is as follows:
Burnley and Trowbridge
319 Oaktree Road
Williamsburg, VA 23188
757-253-1644
Keep in mind that we have a large and ever-changing inventory besides what
you will see in our catalog.  If you have needs or wants we are only a phone
call or e-mail away.
We look forward to serving you!
Angela Burnley
jasburn@aol.com

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 7 Nov 1996 13:49:31 -0500
From:    Sharon and/or Mikie <techies@IDIRECT.COM>
Subject: wedding dresses...

Hello all!!

This is a request which will be used MUCH later for me, but I'm already
curious.

I plan to get married in garments from the Middle Gothic styles from England
(c. 1327-1425)

Now, my boyfriend is set on wearing chain mail, or partial armour - I'm sure
this isn't proper for a wedding of the time. I am wondering, however what
would the soldiers of the time have gotten married in?

Anyways, I am looking for information on weddings of the middle-upper
classes of this time (this time isn't totally fixed as of yet - I think
later periods are more my style.....)  So any information as far as a
wedding gown, groom's attire, wedding party, ceremony, etc would be greatly
appreciated!!!

Thank you so much for your help, and if anyone has ANY information about
weddings in the past (preferably England, Scotland areas - sorry to all of
the Italian specialists! :) ) please send it!  I'm so curious!

Thanks,
Sharon
*****************************
*                           *
* DON'T MESS WITH TECHIES - *
*                           *
* THEY ALL CARRY KNIVES     *
*                           *
*****************************

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 7 Nov 1996 14:11:52 -0500
From:    aleed <aleed@DNACO.NET>
Subject: Re: wedding dresses...

There's a great page on the web devoted to medieval/renaissance weddings:

http://paul.spu.edu/~kst/bib/bib.html

it's chock full of info on every aspect of historical weddings!

Drea

>
> Anyways, I am looking for information on weddings of the middle-upper
> classes of this time (this time isn't totally fixed as of yet - I think
> later periods are more my style.....)  So any information as far as a
> wedding gown, groom's attire, wedding party, ceremony, etc would be greatly
> appreciated!!!
>
> Thank you so much for your help, and if anyone has ANY information about
> weddings in the past (preferably England, Scotland areas - sorry to all of
> the Italian specialists! :) ) please send it!  I'm so curious!
>
> Thanks,
> Sharon
> *****************************
> *                           *
> * DON'T MESS WITH TECHIES - *
> *                           *
> * THEY ALL CARRY KNIVES     *
> *                           *
> *****************************
>

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 7 Nov 1996 15:26:17 -0500
From:    Dale Loberger <dloberger@ESRI.COM>
Subject: Marketplace in Bethlehem

OK, you *really* early re-enactors out there  some advice, please!!!
The Education Director at my church found out what I do for a living and
wants me to help with an annual event in its third year there.  This
event brings to life the town of Bethlehem at the time around the birth
of Jesus, with craftspeople (potters, weavers, etc.), authentic food
preparation, family life, drawing water from the well, people
participating in the Census, as well as carpenters, musicians, dancers
(?) and any kinds of other things that might be depicted to make it
interesting.  Visitors go from booth to booth, or site to site,
listening to conversations (first person), watching craftsmen do their
work, tasting food, all kinds of neat stuff (we hope).  The Director is
a very intelligent and resourceful person, and she wants it to be a
really different learning experience for people, and a lot of fun, too.
 Maybe like a REALLY early "RenFaire-type" of thing   Last year it
really seemed to take off  and now, this year and looking towards next,
they want to get authentic with customs that might be spoken of, and
CLOTHING.  I don t need to describe to you what they have been wearing
other than to say it was the last thing on the list of things thought to
be important.  Now that they re getting serious about clothing and
customs they want _me_ to advise and I have no idea    As this is WAY
before my time I have real doubts that I can be in the least helpful,
and thought maybe someone out there might have some insight
unfortunately Dale deleted the recent messages concerning the garb of
the three wise men and other Nativity messages; now I wish he hadn t.

Susannah Eanes, Mantua Maker and Fine Tailoring
(Susan Bridges Loberger for Susannah s Heirloom, Ltd.)

"We are only the trustees for those that come after us."  -William
Morris

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 7 Nov 1996 13:49:59 -0700
From:    Andrew Tarrant/Julie Malin <trespass@NUCLEUS.COM>
Subject: Re: wedding dresses...

Well for starters, you would not have been married in a church at all, but
on the steps.  Marrage was more of a business transaction then a relegious
ritual.
-Julie
At 01:49 PM 11/7/96 -0500, Sharon and/or Mikie wrote:
>Hello all!!
>
>This is a request which will be used MUCH later for me, but I'm already
>curious.
>
>I plan to get married in garments from the Middle Gothic styles from=
 England
>(c. 1327-1425)
>
>Now, my boyfriend is set on wearing chain mail, or partial armour - I'm=
 sure
>this isn't proper for a wedding of the time. I am wondering, however what
>would the soldiers of the time have gotten married in?
>
>Anyways, I am looking for information on weddings of the middle-upper
>classes of this time (this time isn't totally fixed as of yet - I think
>later periods are more my style.....)  So any information as far as a
>wedding gown, groom's attire, wedding party, ceremony, etc would be greatly
>appreciated!!!
>
>Thank you so much for your help, and if anyone has ANY information about
>weddings in the past (preferably England, Scotland areas - sorry to all of
>the Italian specialists! :) ) please send it!  I'm so curious!
>
>Thanks,
>Sharon
>*****************************
>*                           *
>* DON'T MESS WITH TECHIES - *
>*                           *
>* THEY ALL CARRY KNIVES     *
>*                           *
>*****************************
>
>
=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=
=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4
Trespasser Ceramics
Andrew Tarrant
(SCA) Master Eric the Trespasser (OL)
Turner Valley, Alberta, Canada, T0L 2A0
Phone/Fax - (403) 933-7221
email - trespass@nucleus.com
=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=
=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4=A4

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 7 Nov 1996 15:40:32 -0600
From:    Rachel Rufer <rrufer@NWU.EDU>
Subject: eyeglasses

I don't know if you're the correct group to ask but, does anyone know when
people began wearing eyeglasses?

Rachel

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 7 Nov 1996 16:36:12 -0000
From:    Janice Jones <jejones@HOTMAIL.COM>
Subject: How I got into costuming (long)

The question was asked how our costuming came about and what we do with our old
costumes. I did not save the original post, so I can not quote it.

I began sewing the summer between third and fourth grade. In fourth grade I
began crocheting and knitting. By the time I was in High School I was skilled
at knitting, crochet, embroidery, needlepoint, quilting, and sewing.

My favorite classes in school were English and History. I especially enjoyed
digging for those interesting tidbits that made the people we were learning
about come alive. I found I truely enjoyed the research.

As I got older my friends and I would go antique shopping. I often wondered
what stories the objects could tell, not only who owned them, but where and
when they were used. I began buying things I could not recognize, then I would
research and find out what the items were.

When my sister moved to Sierra Vista, Arizona, she would go to Tombstone in
Victorian costume. One day I joined her and was hooked. Here was a hobby that
engulfed all of my loves, research, sewing, needlework and antique shopping! In
addition it was fun to be the center of attention, while wearing my costumes.
I'm not shy, and I enjoy meeting new people.

Now I volunteer at a local museum and I give tours in a local historical home.
I am sewing costumes for their Christmas program and will be portraying one of
the family members too.

I accent my costumes with handmade, historically accurate needlework, and I am
currently compiling a book of knitting and crochet patterns, that I have
translated into modern knitting and crochet terms.

I do not belong to a reenactment group but about once a month I go to
Tombstone, Rawhide or various gun shows, where the contestants dress in period
costume.

I do quite a bit of research before I make a costume, and I have been blessed,
staying pretty much the same size for quite a while. My "old costumes" have
just worn out or faded. I do not have the back of my closet full of things that
no longer fit or inacurate clothing.

Janice Jones
jejones@hotmail.com


---------------------------------------------------------
Get Your *Web-Based* Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
---------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 8 Nov 1996 10:41:52 EST
From:    "Wilson, Annette" <AWILSON@ANCA.GOV.AU>
Subject: Anne of Cleves

Hi everyone,

I am toying with the idea of making the costume
Anne of Cleves wore when she sat for the Holbien
portrait.
I say "toying" because I haven't completely made
up my mind whether that style of dress would suit me,
and of course I will also need to get a round tuit :-)

Has anyone made one or can anyone point
me in the direction of books, portraits etc which show
other examples of this style, especially back and side
views of course :-)

Thanks in advance

Annette Wilson
________________

Email: awilson@anca.gov.au

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 7 Nov 1996 23:48:47 +0100
From:    Tony Spence <tony@ANAKRONO.DEMON.CO.UK>
Subject: Re: men with/without hats

In a message Chris Laning wrote:

> However, men removed their hats *as a sign of respect* (whether indoors or
> out) in England at least that far back. George Fox, the founder of
> Quakerism (admittedly a bit later, 1650s), preached that such "hat honor"
> should be given only to God. He and quite a number of other Quakers got
> thrown in jail, beaten up, and other such things because they would not
> "put off their hats" to the King, to the judge in the courtroom, et cetera.
> (One young man got a beating when he would not take off his hat to his
> father.)

And those of you who wish to show respect by baring your heads should
remember that it is impolite to show the inside of your hat when 'doffing'
it - we gentle-folk do not like to be reminded of the various creatures that
inhabit the hats and hair of the lower orders!

--
Tony Spence

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 7 Nov 1996 17:35:59 -0800
From:    Diana Habra <dch@INREACH.COM>
Subject: Re: Burnley & Trowbridge catalog

My sincere apologies everyone!!

I meant to put in my post that there is a nominal $3 charge for their
catalog but it comes with SWATCHES of the linens & wools that they
carry. I was delighted to actually get swatches so the $3 was gladly
paid when I got the catalog.

Sorry again!

Rose :~<

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 6 Nov 1996 to 7 Nov 1996
**************************************************

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There are 14 messages totalling 376 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. eyeglasses (5)
  2. men with/without hats
  3. Hat etiquette (2)
  4. The "real" Pocahontas
  5. The "Real" Pocahontas
  6. How I got into costuming (2)
  7. Exhibition Catalogs List
  8. Dated tablewear....

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 8 Nov 1996 01:33:30 -0800
From:    Conrad Hodson <conradh@EFN.ORG>
Subject: Re: eyeglasses

On Thu, 7 Nov 1996, Rachel Rufer wrote:

> I don't know if you're the correct group to ask but, does anyone know when
> people began wearing eyeglasses?
>
Two independent inventions, as far as we can tell.  Classical Western
civilizations understood the basic principles of the magnifying glass;
they improved over the centuries with better glassmaking and lens grinding
techniques.  In the very early 1300's reading glasses of the pince-nez
type appeared in Europe, invented in Italy I believe.  So the first
_corrective lenses_ are Medieval European.

In Central Asia, people had faced the threat of snowblindness from glare
off snow or desert sand; usually they either reduced it with dark eye
makeup (as Arab and North African nomads do to this day) or with some sort
of slitted goggles.  Eventually, some jewellers in the Silk Road cities
came up with luxury goggles; pretty metal frames holding disks of topaz or
other tinted, transparant stone.  These Asiatic glasses feature double
hinged temples, and were not ground as optical lenses (i.e. not
corrective)  So the first _sunglasses_ were Central Asian.

Modern glasses are, very roughly, European optics held in Asiatic frames.

Conrad Hodson

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 8 Nov 1996 12:22:00 GMT
From:    "Paul C. Dickie" <dickie@BOZZIE.DEMON.CO.UK>
Subject: Re: men with/without hats

In message  <32820DC2.7813@mcn.org> shepgibb@MCN.ORG writes:
> in England at least that far back. George Fox, the founder of
> > Quakerism (admittedly a bit later, 1650s), preached that such "hat honor"
> > should be given only to God. He and quite a number of other Quakers got
> > thrown in jail, beaten up, and other such things because they would not
> > "put off their hats" to the King, to the judge in the courtroom, et cetera.
> > (One young man got a beating when he would not take off his hat to his
> > father.)
> >
> Orthodox Jews do not remove their hats either (but then neither does the
> pope).

Therefore, the Pope is Jewish? o-)

< Paul >

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 8 Nov 1996 13:28:15 +0000
From:    K.M.Bunting@DERBY.AC.UK
Subject: Hat etiquette

Samuel Pepys noted on  22 Sep. 1664 that he thought he had caught
cold from not wearing his hat at dinner.
On 17 Nov. 1661 he had heard a preacher speak against men wearing
their hats in church, and on 28 Sep. 1662 he was surprised to see
another clergyman preach hatless. Seems strange, but it evidently was
normal to leave the hat on in church. (Incidentally, doesn't the
convention for women to cover their heads go back to St.Paul?)

We sometimes have services at Sealed Knot musters, at which men are
instructed to leave their hats on (unless local clergy object).

In answer to all those US list members wondering about the SK, our
main activity is re-enacting English Civil War battles, but we also
do living history both in conjunction with battles and as separate
events.
Kate Bunting (Library, University of Derby)
(King's Lifeguard of Foote, SK)

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 8 Nov 1996 08:02:15 CDT
From:    Cindy Abel <BRUJNE@HSLPHARMACY.CREIGHTON.EDU>
Subject: Re: The "real" Pocahontas

    I have just finished a 24" lady doll of porcelain with a
soft-stuffed body.  I would like to dress her as authentically as
possible.  Since it is a Christmas gift, I may not have the time to
dress her in the costume depicted in the original engraving and
portrait copies and was thinking of a simpler gown, possibly her
wedding gown.  My few local biographical sources do not mention such
a gown  and I was wondering if anyone on the list might have access
to such a description, even if the source might be family legend.
Failing that, I was considering a simple Jacobean "jacket" and
petticoat over the proper underpinnings.  Any help would be
appreciated.
Cindy Abel
Health Sciences Library
Creighton University
2500 California Plaza
Omaha NE 68178-0400
Phone: 402-280-5144


Technology is wonderful only when it works correctly

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 8 Nov 1996 09:49:07 -0500
From:    Kathleen Songal <asongal@MAIL.WINCOM.NET>
Subject: The "Real" Pocahontas

The book, "Early American Brides, A Study of Costume and Tradition
1594-1820" by Frank and Elizabeth Haines depicts Pocahontas.  The book says,
"It is not known what she wore for the wedding, but as our most famous
native American bride, we felt that she should wear the costume of her own
people and not that of an English gentlewoman, as she does in her London
portrait. "  Their interpretation is an eyewitness account of a robe worn by
an Algonquin Princess of the time:  A fair white doeskin sewn all over with
small copper discs, white beads and pearls.  Her lovely robe is draped and
secured over the shoulders much in the manner of the early Roman robes, with
the tope and bottom fringed in the attractive and well-known Indian fashion.
It is secured at the left side by three thongs slipped through slits, front
and back.  The same fastenings are used on each shoulder.

I would suggest getting the book from the library.  There are pictures and
much more detail.

Kathy Songal

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 8 Nov 1996 10:52:06 -0400
From:    Marsha Hamilton <mhamilto@MAGNUS.ACS.OHIO-STATE.EDU>
Subject: eyeglasses

I saw a tv show in which an art historian showed videos of an Italian
fresco from the mid-1300's in which there was a man wearing corrective
glass lenses.  The narration said this was the earliest known
representation of glasses.  Sorry I don't have any references.

When did "people" in general began wearing glasses?  What do people on the
list think?  Some scholars in the late 1500s, more common in the 1600s, not
a widespread practice for both men and women until the 1700s?

Marsha

>I don't know if you're the correct group to ask but, does anyone know when
>people began wearing eyeglasses?

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 8 Nov 1996 09:26:40 -0500
From:    Kelly A Rinne <rinneka@UCUNIX.SAN.UC.EDU>
Subject: Re: eyeglasses

There is a Great book, ASpectacle of Spectacles, thattraces the history
of eyewear.ISBN 3 361 00250 8
The oldest pair are a reconstruction of iron, circa 14th c.
Kel

On Thu, 7 Nov 1996, Rachel Rufer wrote:

> I don't know if you're the correct group to ask but, does anyone know when
> people began wearing eyeglasses?
>
> Rachel
>

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 8 Nov 1996 08:16:37 -0800
From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Hat etiquette

speaking of hats I couldn't resist sending the following quote:

"Hats generally divide into three classes:
offensive hats,
defensive hats,
and shrapnel."
-- Katherine Whitehorn

~!~ R.L. Shep

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 8 Nov 1996 11:26:04 -0500
From:    Susan Carroll-Clark <sclark@CHASS.UTORONTO.CA>
Subject: Re: How I got into costuming

Greetings!

Ever since I was a kid, I've had an insatiable desire to make stuff.
My grandmother taught me embroidery and crochet before she died when I
was eleven.  It was about a year later that I first really became interested
in historic costume--when I was in the sixth grade, we had "Shakespeare
in the Schools", where we spent two weeks studying Shakespeare and his era,
including putting on snippets of plays in costume.  I was Hamlet--I
was much taller than most of the boys, had short hair, and a loud voice.
I think that was what hooked me both on history and on medieval-Renaissance
dress.  Of course, I spent my high school and early university years thinking
I was going to be a scientist, so I never took sewing beyond the six-week
mini course in the eighth grade, although I did learn some stuff on my own.
My first three years at Ohio State, I did some costuming for student theatrical
productions--where I made my first tunic (back when I thought you just folded
the fabric and cut a hole in the middle).  I looked at my first costuming
books.  And I thought seriously about joining the SCA, but never did;  however,
meanwhile, I'd discovered that I was much better at history than I was at
genetics, and had switched majors.

I joined the SCA after moving up to Toronto to go to U of T for grad school
in history.  Six years later, I've tried just about every period out
there at least once, and become fairly accomplished at costume research.
I do clothing by commission, and have also ventured into the 17th,
18th, and early 19th centuries for a few pieces.  (The doctoral dissertation
is slowly coming along, too).  I'm a Laurel in the SCA, but for research
in general, rather than costuming--I still don't consider my costuming
skills up to that standard, although I'm considered good.  And I'm still
having a LOT of fun with it...

I wear my stuff at SCA events, and to the occasional ECW event.  I'd really
like to try some other periods (like Georgian and Regency) but have no idea
where I'd wear them, and that's half the fun...I'd also like to do
some 1920's "flapper" stuff--I love the lines.

Cheers!
Susan Carroll-Clark
in the SCA: Nicolaa de Bracton
sclark@chass.utoronto.ca

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 8 Nov 1996 13:04:14 -0500
From:    Eric Praetzel <praetzel@ECE.UWATERLOO.CA>
Subject: Re: How I got into costuming

I'll start with one question.  Has anyone seen a good series of pictures
regarding accessories/trim on clothing for Italian ren?  I have a bad
photocopy of The Journey of the Magii and have not been able to find
something better yet (engineers never learn how to research anything!).
I am hoping that I can do something with a silver braided/corded rope
around the shoulders, chest and back.

My costuming goes back all of 2 years at this point.  I started in the SCA
about 9 years ago but it was guys making armor and I didn't care for that.
Many moons later a net.friend of mine succeeded in getting me out to an
Irish Ceili dance and then another dance workshop that turned out to be
a quasi SCA event.  After the workshop people started to showup in garb
and that was it.  I still have not seen Finn the Fopp; but I remember
that I loved whatever he was wearing.
>From there I've gone into music (playing and a bit of arranging), tablet
weaving, costuming (I must be getting better; they don't cring and the
only comments I get are along the lines of how to fit the shoulders
better ...) and more dancing than ever.

Susan said:
> I wear my stuff at SCA events, and to the occasional ECW event.  I'd really
> like to try some other periods (like Georgian and Regency) but have no idea
> where I'd wear them, and that's half the fun...I'd also like to do
> some 1920's "flapper" stuff--I love the lines.

   Come out dancing!  I've been known to wear various outfits to contra
dances so that I can test them out for comfort and durability.  There are
Playford (1650 .. 1750) workshop/balls, Vintage (1800's to early 1900's)
in addition to the usual swing, square, contra, Irish, Scottish, English
Country dances.  Lindy Hop (1920's and up) is still going and it is
creating a resurgance in one/two step and swing dance.
  In fact this weeks dance workshops in Ann Arbor, MI cover one and two
step, vintage set dances, waltz basics, a waltz variation, Bohemian polka
and I'm sure something else.  The Friends of the Regency ball was last
weekend; but they'll have another one.  Hopefully vintage events will
pick up again in Toronto.  They were squashed by the Lindy Hop resurgance
about 2 years ago.

  I'd have to say that the main goal is making the outfits to actually
wear them; or more accurately, to dance in them.


  - Eric Praetzel

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 8 Nov 1996 12:48:30 -0600
From:    "Sara J. Davitt" <ophelia@GLACI.COM>
Subject: Re: eyeglasses

>
> When did "people" in general began wearing glasses?  What do people on the
> list think?  Some scholars in the late 1500s, more common in the 1600s, not
> a widespread practice for both men and women until the 1700s?

I do know that the institution of the woodblock method of printing,
started the 'student revolution' (made up term), where the books became
smaller, and became more popular... and therefore more widely read, and
more necessity for glasses.  though I was under the impression that the
glasses were not "glasses"  but more of a hinged monacle....connected
together with a bolt( of sorts).  thus allowing the two lenses to be held
up to the eyes, or hung on a workbench hook. (Ghirlandaio's _St. Jerome)
and colapsed into one magnifying lens.

My guess is that the use of glasses spead with the use of books, which
spead with the rennaisance, starting Italy, and slowly hitting the rest
of Europe.

Take care,
Sarahj

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 8 Nov 1996 15:21:38 -0800
From:    Susan Klein-Heim <KLEINHES@GBMS01.UWGB.EDU>
Subject: Re: eyeglasses

 I believe the first instance, or visual representation of glasses is in
the painting titled "Cardinal van der Paele and the Madonna" by Jan van
Eyck circa 1430.

Sue Kline-Heim
On Fri, 8 Nov 1996, Conrad Hodson wrote:

> On Thu, 7 Nov 1996, Rachel Rufer wrote:
>
> > I don't know if you're the correct group to ask but, does anyone know when
> > people began wearing eyeglasses?
> >
> Two independent inventions, as far as we can tell.  Classical Western
> civilizations understood the basic principles of the magnifying glass;
> they improved over the centuries with better glassmaking and lens grinding
> techniques.  In the very early 1300's reading glasses of the pince-nez
> type appeared in Europe, invented in Italy I believe.  So the first
> _corrective lenses_ are Medieval European.
>
> In Central Asia, people had faced the threat of snowblindness from glare
> off snow or desert sand; usually they either reduced it with dark eye
> makeup (as Arab and North African nomads do to this day) or with some sort
> of slitted goggles.  Eventually, some jewellers in the Silk Road cities
> came up with luxury goggles; pretty metal frames holding disks of topaz or
> other tinted, transparant stone.  These Asiatic glasses feature double
> hinged temples, and were not ground as optical lenses (i.e. not
> corrective)  So the first _sunglasses_ were Central Asian.
>
> Modern glasses are, very roughly, European optics held in Asiatic frames.
>
> Conrad Hodson
>

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 8 Nov 1996 20:44:41 -0500
From:    Kathleen Songal <asongal@MAIL.WINCOM.NET>
Subject: Exhibition Catalogs List

Does anyone know how or where I can obtain a comprehensive list of costume
exhibition catalogs published worldwide between 1985-current.

I find costume exhibition catalogs that have full-length photographs of
original costumes on dummies one of the best sources for study, but I have
been unable to find a complete list.

I would appreciate any suggestions.

Kathy Songal

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 8 Nov 1996 23:02:08 -0500
From:    SyRilla@AOL.COM
Subject: Dated tablewear....

My friends,
Thank you for all of your wonderful suggestions, I will try to do the
research, to learn more.
I had forgotten to say that I need information concering setting a 1500's
English Upper Noble table.  The Royal family would be present as they are
"visiting".  Hope that help.
Kimberly

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 7 Nov 1996 to 8 Nov 1996
**************************************************

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There are 9 messages totalling 259 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. Cloth of Gold
  2. eyeglasses (3)
  3. Exhibition Catalogs List
  4. Pocahontas
  5. Italian Ren
  6. fire retardants?
  7. Benedictine Habit

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 9 Nov 1996 03:07:52 -0500
From:    Gary Walker <Gerekr@AOL.COM>
Subject: Re: Cloth of Gold

Gary Stephens wrote:

>" The first appearance of cloth of gold is difficult to date. >Surviving
examples have been found in China as early as the >4th century A.D., but the
first surviving examples appearing in >the west seem to coincide with the
opening of trade with >China in the 13th century ."

?

Trade with China began a long time before the 13th century.  Or am I
confused?

Gary R.D. Walker
gerekr@aol.com

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 9 Nov 1996 03:07:52 -0500
From:    Gary Walker <Gerekr@AOL.COM>
Subject: eyeglasses

They start showing up in scottish heraldry in the mid 1500's so I suppose
they weren't too uncommon by then.

Gary R.D. Walker
gerek@aol.com

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 9 Nov 1996 02:19:03 -0800
From:    Conrad Hodson <conradh@EFN.ORG>
Subject: Re: eyeglasses

On Fri, 8 Nov 1996, Susan Klein-Heim wrote:

>  I believe the first instance, or visual representation of glasses is in
> the painting titled "Cardinal van der Paele and the Madonna" by Jan van
> Eyck circa 1430.

Fra Giordano of Pisa, giving a sermon in Florence in 1306:

"It is not twenty years since there was discovered the art of making
spectacles that help one to see well, an art which is one of the best and
most necessary in the world....I myself saw the man who discovered and
practised it and I talked with him."

Note that this is a flat report of _invention_, not just kind of "at least
as early" evidence that a painting or casual reference would give us.  The
roots of this invention are well documented in the history of science;
optics may have been the most advanced field of study in European physical
science in the late 13th Century.

Conrad Hodson

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 9 Nov 1996 21:50:46 +1100
From:    Greg & Jocelyn House <house@MACQUARIE.MATRA.COM.AU>
Subject: Re: Exhibition Catalogs List

>Does anyone know how or where I can obtain a comprehensive list of costume
>exhibition catalogs published worldwide between 1985-current.
>
>I find costume exhibition catalogs that have full-length photographs of
>original costumes on dummies one of the best sources for study, but I have
>been unable to find a complete list.
>
>I would appreciate any suggestions.
>
>Kathy Songal

Up until the end of 1993 I worked at the National Library of Australia,
and, due to Australia copyright law, one copy of anything published within
Australia had to be lodged at the Library.  This included all exhibition
catalogues for Australia.  I believe the Library is now on the internet at
http://www.nla.gov.au.

It is entirely possible that a similar Legal Deposit Scheme operates in USA
at the Library of Congress, as well as at the British Library in London.  I
don't have websites for these two but assume you could probably find them
using one of the many search mediums available such as Metacrawler
(http://www.metacrawler.com).

Good luck

Jocelyn House

BTW  I'll look up the National Library's online catalogue and see what I
can come up with.  Also I may be able to find you a contact at the National
Gallery of Australia - they have a small but respectable costume collection
and would also collect such exhibition catalogues.

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 9 Nov 1996 11:41:37 -0500
From:    Gary Stephens <garys@FLEXNET.COM>
Subject: eyeglasses

>Two independent inventions, as far as we can tell.  Classical Western
>civilizations understood the basic principles of the magnifying glass;
>they improved over the centuries with better glassmaking and lens grinding
>techniques.  In the very early 1300's reading glasses of the pince-nez
>type appeared in Europe, invented in Italy I believe.  So the first
>_corrective lenses_ are Medieval European.

        Depends on which source you read. Some attribute corrective lenses
to the Arabians, and the Venetians stole some of their craftsmen and
sequestered them on the island of Murano, where they were able to produce
lenses in mass quantities.

Lorina J. Stephens
author of _Touring the Giant's Rib_ & _Credit River Valley_
embroiderer, restorer, artist
http://web.idirect.com/~canuck/stephens/stephen.html

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 9 Nov 1996 11:41:54 -0500
From:    Gary Stephens <garys@FLEXNET.COM>
Subject: Pocahontas

Kathlene wrote:

>The book, "Early American Brides, A Study of Costume and Tradition
>1594-1820" by Frank and Elizabeth Haines depicts Pocahontas.  The book says,
>"It is not known what she wore for the wedding, but as our most famous
>native American bride, we felt that she should wear the costume of her own
>people and not that of an English gentlewoman, as she does in her London
>portrait. "  Their interpretation is an eyewitness account of a robe worn by
>an Algonquin Princess of the time:  A fair white doeskin sewn all over with
>small copper discs, white beads and pearls.  Her lovely robe is draped and
>secured over the shoulders much in the manner of the early Roman robes, with
>the tope and bottom fringed in the attractive and well-known Indian fashion.
>It is secured at the left side by three thongs slipped through slits, front
>and back.  The same fastenings are used on each shoulder.

        First, I would caution against the use of the word princess in
conjuction with native peoples, as the concept of royalty was foreign to
them. This is purely a white invention and concept. Pocahontas was in fact
not a princess. She was merely a very intelligent daughter of a tribal
chief who had power over other clans because of his oratory skill.

        For a truly accurate understanding of Alonkian wedding custom and
dress, I would refer you to Diamond Jenness' book, although old, and
awfully entitled _Indians of Canada_. As well, because Pocahontas was in
fact Powhatan, one of the Algonkian tribes, I'd also refer you to several
other excellent books, which although particular to the Ojibwa(y), deal
also with Algonkian custom. They are both by Ruth Landes, considered
somewhat of an authority, entitled: _Ojibwa Religion_ and _The Ojibwa
Woman_.

        From all of my research, it is not necessarily so a bride wore
white. This whole concept of white for purity is quite foreign to any
native peoples of North America (although I may be mistaken when it comes
to those in the Californian and Mexican regions). For every native nation
there are quite different customes. White may have been worn by the
Algonkian because it would have represented wealth, but that is all. I
would, frankly, go by more than one eyewitness account, which at the time
may have been embellished to suit white society.

Lorina J. Stephens
author of _Touring the Giant's Rib_ & _Credit River Valley_
embroiderer, restorer, artist
http://web.idirect.com/~canuck/stephens/stephen.html

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 9 Nov 1996 13:05:42 -0500
From:    Mary Smith <MDSDMB@AOL.COM>
Subject: Italian Ren

The following notes are courtesy of Maestra Francesca di Pavia, from the
Shire of Caer Galen, the Outlands. I will forward any comments to her.

"As near as I can tell, there were two basic styles of overdress commonly
worn in Italy in the second half of the 15th Century. One was called a cioppa
or pellanda (regional variations), and was related to a houppelande. It was
very long and full in the skirt. The bodice could be pleated to the skirt, or
could be all one piece with a complex system of pleats starting above the
breastline (possibly tied in place on the inside). The bodice was usually
round-necked and somewhat high, but could be cut lower. The skirt was open in
the front to reveal the skirt of the dress beneath. (BTW, I can see no
evidence that the basic Italian dress, the gamurra, camora, or cotta - again
mainly regional variations - ever had a split skirt and underskirt, as I so
often see done in the SCA. That's a misinterpretation of a gown and an
overgown, as I see it.) The sleeves were generally hanging sleeves, and were
often ridiculously long and full, and sometimes dagged. The second style of
overgown was the giornea. This was a tabard-like affair, which was left open
on the sides to reveal the gown beneath, and was usually cut in a low V-neck
so the bodice beneath could show. This could be sleeveless or have long,
hanging (sometimes dagged) sleeves. In either case the sleeves of the dress
beneath would be seen (and these were often elaborately beaded and
embroidered). (Incidentally, a woman of status would rarely go out in public
without an overdress, except in the summer, and then her gamurra would be of
silk and as heavily embellished as she could muster. Only a lower-class woman
would go about in aplain wool gamurra without a cioppa or giornea.)

"Judging from the many paintings I've seen, there were wide variations in
these basic styles. This was an age of great display of individualism in
costuming, and as much conspicuous consumption as thewearer could afford -
the penalty for violating sumptuary laws was a fine. The nouveau riche
happily paid the fine in order to look more like the nobility."

Francesca di Pavia/Meg Baron

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 9 Nov 1996 14:13:53 -0500
From:    vandy simpson/darrell markewitz <vsimpson@HEADWATERS.COM>
Subject: fire retardants?

Greetings.
 I have a very quick question regarding fire-proofing fabrics.Somewhere in
the very back reaches of my memory, there may be answers from my theatre
days, but they don't seem to be surfacing right now....

 Does anyone have any suggestions on fire-proofing or fire-"retarding"
fabrics?Types of products, or where to look for them? Specifically, this is
for the hanging fabrics of a craft-show booth of a goldsmith friend of mine
(which unfortunately she has just discovered needing with a few days to
go!), but it might also be useful and applicable to some of the re-enacting
stuff I get involved with.Sure, I use natural fibres where I can, but some
things might just benefit from a bit of help!

 For the sake of speed for my friend, e-mail me directly at
vsimpson@headwaters.com, but for the possible use to the rest of the list,
maybe post it here, too.

 Thanks,
Vandy Simpson, Wareham, in the back-woods of Ontario

******************************************************************************

vsimpson@headwaters.com    =   Vandy Simpson,
                           or  Darrell Markewitz

postings for the Wareham Forge can be sent to:  wareham.forge@headwaters.com

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 9 Nov 1996 18:21:37 -0500
From:    Mary Davis <mdavis@GATE.NET>
Subject: Benedictine Habit

I am in desperate need of a pattern for a truly authentic
Benedictine habit. Please, someone out there, help me!!!!
Blessings,
Rev. Fr. John Missing
(mdavis@gate.net)
Net-Tamer V 1.06 - Test Drive

`[1;32;43mNet-Tamer V 1.06 - Test Drive

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 8 Nov 1996 to 9 Nov 1996
**************************************************

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There are 8 messages totalling 247 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. Trade with China (2)
  2. Glasses
  3. fire retardants? (3)
  4. Italian Ren
  5. eyeglasses

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 10 Nov 1996 02:51:48 -0500
From:    Gary Stephens <garys@FLEXNET.COM>
Subject: Trade with China

Gary Walker wrote:
>Trade with China began a long time before the 13th century.  Or am I
>confused?

        Direct trade with China in Europe did not begin until after the
Marco Polo expedition, sometime around 1297. Up to that point all trade
with China was the monopoloy of the Arabians, who traded with India and
China, and thereby controlled the silk and spice routes.

Lorina J. Stephens
author of _Touring the Giant's Rib_ & _Credit River Valley_
embroiderer, restorer, artist
http://web.idirect.com/~canuck/stephens/stephen.html

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 8 Nov 1996 17:41:00 BST
From:    Mrs C S Yeldham <csy20688@GGR.CO.UK>
Subject: Glasses

Just my tuppence-worth:

Firstly, I have read somewhere that only one type of eye-problem could be
corrected with 'period' grinding of glass (long-sightedness?).  Anyway the
same technique as in telescopes, so the short-sighted amongst us would
still suffer!

Glasses would remain expensive until modern glass-grinding came in - up
until then the cost would be the delicate grinding, labour-intensive, and
the problems of breaking high quality glass.

Making Costumes

Something else occurred to me - when I started making costumes I didn't
have a sewing machine, so sewed by hand.  I have tried subsequently to use
machines, but perennial problems with bottom tension lead to what can only
be described as hysteria, so I sew everything by hand (its easier, honest!)

Caroline

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 10 Nov 1996 10:14:58 -0500
From:    Kelly A Rinne <rinneka@UCUNIX.SAN.UC.EDU>
Subject: Re: fire retardants?

Call any one of these places:
Associated Drapery & Equipment
516 671 5245

Gothic Ltd.
516 676 6600

NY Flameproofing
212 924 7200

PyrotechResearch
203 789 1164

Reynolds Drapery serv
315 845 8632

These #s areold, haven't used them in a while.
email me if you have trouble.

On Sat, 9 Nov 1996, vandy simpson/darrell markewitz wrote:

> Greetings.
>  I have a very quick question regarding fire-proofing fabrics.Somewhere in
> the very back reaches of my memory, there may be answers from my theatre
> days, but they don't seem to be surfacing right now....
>
>  Does anyone have any suggestions on fire-proofing or fire-"retarding"
> fabrics?Types of products, or where to look for them? Specifically, this is
> for the hanging fabrics of a craft-show booth of a goldsmith friend of mine
> (which unfortunately she has just discovered needing with a few days to
> go!), but it might also be useful and applicable to some of the re-enacting
> stuff I get involved with.Sure, I use natural fibres where I can, but some
> things might just benefit from a bit of help!
>
>  For the sake of speed for my friend, e-mail me directly at
> vsimpson@headwaters.com, but for the possible use to the rest of the list,
> maybe post it here, too.
>
>  Thanks,
> Vandy Simpson, Wareham, in the back-woods of Ontario
>
> ******************************************************************************
>
> vsimpson@headwaters.com    =   Vandy Simpson,
>                            or  Darrell Markewitz
>
> postings for the Wareham Forge can be sent to:  wareham.forge@headwaters.com
>

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 10 Nov 1996 11:38:40 -0500
From:    Susan Carroll-Clark <sclark@CHASS.UTORONTO.CA>
Subject: Italian Ren

Greetings!

Meg/Francesca mentions the lack of evidence for split skirt-underskirt
construction for Italian dress.  I concur.  Every picture I have ever seen
where there is a front-opening skirt, it is clear that there is a second
gown underneath;  indeed, this is what accounts for the triangular "placket"
at the front of many Italian gowns (incidentally, if you're doing this style,
the way to get the correct look is to cut the front of the overgrown not
with a triangular shape already in place, but to curve the pieces, and to
lace the overgown over the undergown).  Often, the sleeves match the undergown.
The common mistake is to omit the undergown entirely, attaching contrasting
sleeves to the overgown and maybe a triangular placket in the front --
sometimes leaving the front of the gown open below the waist so that the
chemise shows.  Yep, I did this, too, on my first gowns, but it just looks
_wrong_ now....If one does not have the time or desire to make a separate
undergown, I would suggest choosing an overgown style that either side-laces
or where the split in the front is only large enough to get the gown on--
usually just a couple of inches below the bodice is plenty.

Cheers--
Nicolaa de Bracton
sclark@chass.utoronto.ca

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 10 Nov 1996 11:54:56 -0800
From:    Joan M Jurancich <joanj@MAIL2.QUIKNET.COM>
Subject: Re: Trade with China

>Gary Walker wrote:
>>>Trade with China began a long time before the 13th century.  Or am I
>>>confused?
>
>Lorina Stephens wrote in reply:
>>        Direct trade with China in Europe did not begin until after the
>>Marco Polo expedition, sometime around 1297. Up to that point all trade
>>with China was the monopoloy of the Arabians, who traded with India and
>>China, and thereby controlled the silk and spice routes.
>[snip sig]
>
>And that silk and spice trade dates back at least to the later Roman
Empire; and occasional contact seems to go back even earlier than that.
>
>
Joan Jurancich
Sacramento, California
joanj@quiknet.com
==================================

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 10 Nov 1996 18:05:14 -0500
From:    Barbara Dominey <bdominey@MINDSPRING.COM>
Subject: Re: eyeglasses

>>So the first _corrective lenses_ are Medieval European.
>
>        Depends on which source you read. Some attribute corrective lenses
>to the Arabians, and the Venetians stole some of their craftsmen and
>sequestered them on the island of Murano, where they were able to produce
>lenses in mass quantities.

I'm _pretty_ sure the only source for this theory is the (quite wonderful)
"Niccolo" series of historical novels, written by Dorothy Dunnett.  If
anyone has other info on the origins of corrective lenses (other than the
late 13th C. Italian attribution, which I have...somewhere....) I would be
most grateful for the citations.

Barbara Dominey
bdominey@mindspring.com

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 10 Nov 1996 18:37:07 -0600
From:    "Sara J. Davitt" <ophelia@GLACI.COM>
Subject: Re: fire retardants?

Hello,

It is my understanding the most drapery services will need to have you
send the fabric, (excessive yardage has seniority) then they retard it,
and send it back.  This takes more time that what was implied with your
letter.

You may want to check the hardware store.... I recall my boss, (interior
designer--we did fire retarded drapery for a public space this summer)
said that you could get a "spray" for smaller projects (or if we ran out
of commercially retarded fabric too close to the deadline.)

One thing to be careful with fire-retarded fabric, is that the chemicals
can corrode metals.  We had to devise a buffer system to protect the
brass cafe rings from the fabric. Much to our dismay, when we bagged
the draperies the night before installation,rings touched fabric, and
left rusty spots on the fabric, and the brass was discolored.
 It worked that quickly.. thank goodness they were linings and that the
spotting was able to be scrubbed out carefully.

It AMAZES me that something that can eat away metal is required by law for
children's sleepwear.

Good luck on the project.
Sarahj

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 10 Nov 1996 22:15:54 -0500
From:    Sharon and/or Mikie <techies@IDIRECT.COM>
Subject: Re: fire retardants?

Hello,

I'm not sure if you would be able to get this on time, but there are plenty
of fire retardents on the market.  These are avaliable from theatre
suppliers (lighting or set suppliers especially)  One company making these
products is Rosco.  This is a company which has dealers in New York,
Toronto, and LA (plus other major cities in North America).  They can be
applied to fabrics with a roller, brush, sprayer, or by immersion of the
fabric into the substance.

Roscoflamex C26 can be used for cotton muslin, and costs $51.00 Canadian for
2 Gallons (less in the US)

Roscoflamex S33 can be used for synthetic fibrics, and costs $61.00 Canadian
for 2 Gallons

There are probably other companies that provide similar products.  Just
check at a theatrical supply store.  By the way, there are also products to
flame proof styrofoam, wood, etc... if anyone needs this info, please write
to me privately.

Hope this helps someone!
Sharon
*****************************
*                           *
* DON'T MESS WITH TECHIES - *
*                           *
* THEY ALL CARRY KNIVES     *
*                           *
*****************************

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 9 Nov 1996 to 10 Nov 1996
***************************************************

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Subject:  H-COSTUME Digest - 10 Nov 1996 to 11 Nov 1996
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There are 12 messages totalling 282 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. Eyeglasses
  2. Exhibition Catalogues
  3. habits (2)
  4. fire retardants?
  5. Exhibition Catalogs List (2)
  6. black lace (2)
  7. Cloth of Gold
  8. 1860s lace collars
  9. H-COSTUME Digest - 3 Nov 1996 to 4 Nov 1996

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 11 Nov 1996 00:38:53 -0500
From:    COakley@AOL.COM
Subject: Eyeglasses

Rachel Rufer asked when people started wearing eyeglasses.  Interestingly, we
just went today to the exhibit of paintings from Burghley House and there was
a painting by Francesco Trevisani (1656-1746) of the Mocking of Christ.  The
catalog indicates it was painted after 1696.  In the upper right-hand corner
is a man wearing what looked like pince-nez, possibly with wire rims (the
connecting piece above the nose is definitely metal.).  A sign next to the
painting said eyeglasses were invented about, I think it said, 1280 (!) but
their depiction in paintings is most unusual.

                                                             Val Winkler/Kate
Oakley

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 11 Nov 1996 09:11:00 GMT
From:    "Chandler, Sally A." <S.A.Chandler@SHU.AC.UK>
Subject: Exhibition Catalogues

All British publications are indeed lodged with the British Library, but it
is not in London, but in Boston Spa which is near Wetherby in Yorkshire and
should be accessed through the public or academic library system.  Don't
confuse it with the British Museum Library, which is in London and may have
the books but is more difficult to access.  The Bodelian  Library in Oxford
also keeps a complete record of publications, I understand.

Sally Ann

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 11 Nov 1996 10:07:56 -0500
From:    Gaelscot@AOL.COM
Subject: habits

I may very well be wrong, but I wonder if the various requests lately for
correct patterns for religious habits could be easily fulfilled by the
religious orders themselves. Surely they have records of these things, and
they are all still around. If you were afraid of offending the orders by
telling them you wanted to wear their habit, you could say you were
researching a paper or a novel.

Gail Finke/gaelscot@aol.com

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 11 Nov 1996 12:56:26 -0500
From:    Rebecca Marler <Rlmarler@AOL.COM>
Subject: Re: fire retardants?

Another question about fire retardants... in the United States, is it
required by law to use fire retardant on costumes designed for rentals? I
looked at all the recent Halloween stuff and nothing said that it was fire
retardant. I do know that it is required of children's sleepwear.
Becky

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 11 Nov 1996 12:56:02 -0500
From:    Rebecca Marler <Rlmarler@AOL.COM>
Subject: Re: Exhibition Catalogs List

In a message dated 96-11-09 05:53:38 EST, you write:

<< >Does anyone know how or where I can obtain a comprehensive list of
costume
 >exhibition catalogs published worldwide between 1985-current.
 >
 >I find costume exhibition catalogs that have full-length photographs of
 >original costumes on dummies one of the best sources for study, but I have
 >been unable to find a complete list.
 >
 >I would appreciate any suggestions.
 >
 >Kathy Songal

 Up until the end of 1993 I worked at the National Library of Australia,
 and, due to Australia copyright law, one copy of anything published within
 Australia had to be lodged at the Library.  This included all exhibition
 catalogues for Australia.  I believe the Library is now on the internet at
 http://www.nla.gov.au.

 It is entirely possible that a similar Legal Deposit Scheme operates in USA
 at the Library of Congress, as well as at the British Library in London.  I
 don't have websites for these two but assume you could probably find them
 using one of the many search mediums available such as Metacrawler
 (http://www.metacrawler.com).

 Good luck

 Jocelyn House

 BTW  I'll look up the National Library's online catalogue and see what I
 can come up with.  Also I may be able to find you a contact at the National
 Gallery of Australia - they have a small but respectable costume collection
 and would also collect such exhibition catalogues. >>

Yes, there is a similar law in the United States. These documents would be
filed at the Library of Congress in Washington D.C. 20540. I don't know if
they are online or not but this address should work if you want to contact
them via snail mail. The ISSN (the international standard serial number)
system identifies a document through a series of numbers (you see this on the
back of the book where the UPC code is), sometimes called an ISBN.

Becky

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 11 Nov 1996 11:14:37 -0800
From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Exhibition Catalogs List

>
> Yes, there is a similar law in the United States. These documents would be
> filed at the Library of Congress in Washington D.C. 20540. I don't know if
> they are online or not but this address should work if you want to contact
> them via snail mail. The ISSN (the international standard serial number)
> system identifies a document through a series of numbers (you see this on the
> back of the book where the UPC code is), sometimes called an ISBN.
>
> Becky

This is not exactly true......
You can copyright a catalogue (or book) without sending a copy to the
Library of Congress....  ISSN numbers (used for periodicals only) and
ISBN numbers (used for books, catalogues, etc) are something else.  ISSN
numbers are easy to deal with. ISBN numbers are controlled by Bowker and
it costs  $100 to get a set of numbers.  Small museums, etc. would not
go to this expense if they were going to publish a few catalogues.

The result of this is that the answer is "somethimes."  Any listing you
would find based on using either ISBN's or Library of Congress would
only be partial.

~!~ R.L. Shep

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 11 Nov 1996 14:37:15 -0500
From:    Anne Reaves <reaves@TUVOK.MARIAN.EDU>
Subject: black lace

Black lace in nearly every period was silk and very expensive.   (Trust me,
I've been working on black silk bobbin lace for a 1860 bonnet veil and it's
extremely hard on the eyes, the traditional reason for the expense.)   As
far as I know, black lace has always been rare and confined to outer
clothing or accessories.

Anne Reaves

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 11 Nov 1996 14:53:34 -0500
From:    Anne Reaves <reaves@TUVOK.MARIAN.EDU>
Subject: Re: Cloth of Gold

Last week I was watching a program on archeology.   The body in a grave
thought to be that of Philip's wife (Alexander the Great's mum) was wrapped
in cloth of gold.   The close-ups showed a brocaded design of animal and
human figures.

Anne Reaves

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 11 Nov 1996 15:42:06 -0500
From:    Anne Reaves <reaves@TUVOK.MARIAN.EDU>
Subject: 1860s lace collars

Oops!   The message on black lace and this one are from overlooked October
messages.

One person discussed lace and mentioned that in the 1860s it was not being
used on collars.   Well, that depends again on your sources.   British
museums with lace dealers' pattern books have hundreds of 1860s bobbin lace
designs, many specifically for collars or caps and clearly dated.   The
import trade to the US was huge, especially of bobbin lace in Bedfordshire
and Buckspoint.   (There's an 1860s British joke that no Bedfordshire lace
could be found in Bedfordshire because it was all exported to the
Americans.)   British photographs show women, especially middleaged ones,
wearing their lace.   Since the records of lace exporting/importing to the
US exist for lace collars and cuffs at that time, the absence of photographs
in the States is not necessarily reliable evidence for the lack of use.

I assume that wearing such lace might have been old-fashioned--but then,
today I'm wearing a 28 year-old-knitted vest (weskit) my mother made for me
when I was in college.  Like my 100+ year old lace, it's in excellent
condition, just as I hope the lace I'm making now will be 100 years in the
future.

Anne Reaves

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 11 Nov 1996 15:55:38 -0800
From:    The Polsons <willow@RECREATING-HISTORY.COM>
Subject: Re: H-COSTUME Digest - 3 Nov 1996 to 4 Nov 1996

>I just wonder what got you started or interested in historical costumes, =
>and
>what you do with them after they are made?

I've always liked costume and dress up, especially at Halloween, my
once-a-year excuse when it's publicly okay...

But I guess my interest in *historic* costume started when my interest in
living history did - when I began to learn CA Indian basketry at the age of
14 or so. There's a wonderful reconstructed Indian village behind the
Visitor's Center in Yosemite, and there I would go every day during my
family's annual vacation in that beautiful valley. I learned the life
skills of the Miwok, and admired the deerskin (and later calico, when they
switched to the 1890s) costumed interpreters demonstrating them. Within a
few years I began volunteering my time at local museums demonstrating these
skills, and I began making simple 1890s dresses like the Indian women wore
in Yosemite.

>From there, the rest is (ahem) history! 8-)

What do I do with them now? I still have my first dresses, and wear them
occasionally when I do have time to demonstrate Indian skills (I made them
at about 18, and they still fit!). When they wear out, or I no longer have
any use for them, I'll probably do as they did then - make quilts. I'm a
nut for frugality! If there's something I just can't deal with cutting up
someday, it'll probably hang in my closet forever... just like those
threadbare concert T-shirts. 8-)

**********************************************
Willow Polson....willow@recreating-history.com
          Recreating History magazine
..."Historic Crafts, Cooking, and Clothing"...
----> http://www.recreating-history.com <-----
Call us toll free! 1-(888) REENACT (733-6228)
**********************************************

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 11 Nov 1996 16:42:56 -0800
From:    Heather Rose Jones <hrjones@UCLINK.BERKELEY.EDU>
Subject: Re: habits

On Mon, 11 Nov 1996 Gaelscot@AOL.COM wrote:

> I may very well be wrong, but I wonder if the various requests lately for
> correct patterns for religious habits could be easily fulfilled by the
> religious orders themselves. Surely they have records of these things, and
> they are all still around. If you were afraid of offending the orders by
> telling them you wanted to wear their habit, you could say you were
> researching a paper or a novel.

Or, perhaps an even better explanation, "It's for a play." Most of what
costumers do fits well into a loose definition of play-acting, and I think
few organizations -- religious or otherwise -- would be offended by
someone being interested in representing their dress accurately.

Heather Rose Jones

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 11 Nov 1996 17:53:38 -0800
From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Re: black lace

Anne Reaves wrote:
>
> Black lace in nearly every period was silk and very expensive.   (Trust me,
> I've been working on black silk bobbin lace for a 1860 bonnet veil and it's
> extremely hard on the eyes, the traditional reason for the expense.)   As
> far as I know, black lace has always been rare and confined to outer
> clothing or accessories.
>
> Anne Reaves

"It is difficult to see why lace should be so expensive; it is mostly
holes"
   - Mary Wilson Litle

~!~ R.L. Shep

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 10 Nov 1996 to 11 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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Date:     Wed, 13 Nov 1996 00:01:54 -0500
Reply-To: Historic Costume List <H-COSTUME@BROWNVM.brown.edu>
Sender: Historic Costume List <H-COSTUME@BROWNVM.brown.edu>
From: Automatic digest processor <LISTSERV@BROWNVM.brown.edu>
Subject:  H-COSTUME Digest - 11 Nov 1996 to 12 Nov 1996
To: Recipients of H-COSTUME digests <H-COSTUME@BROWNVM.brown.edu>
Status: O

There are 14 messages totalling 400 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. H-COSTUME Digest - 10 Nov 1996 to 11 Nov 1996
  2. Costume Con Fifteen Reminder!
  3. Trade with China
  4. sorry
  5. A Rather Unusual Question (2)
  6. flame retardency
  7. Eyeglasses
  8. Exhibition Catalogs List - reply
  9. How I Started...
 10. Exhibition Catalogs (2)
 11. How I got into costuming
 12. uniquely you (fwd)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 12 Nov 1996 10:27:03 +0000
From:    TEDDY <TEDDY1@MDX.AC.UK>
Subject: Re: H-COSTUME Digest - 10 Nov 1996 to 11 Nov 1996

>
> "It is difficult to see why lace should be so expensive; it is mostly
> holes"
>    - Mary Wilson Litle
>
> ~!~ R.L. Shep

Yes, but have you any idea how hard it is to get those holes to stick
together!  <g>


Teddy
teddy1@mdx.ac.uk
                                              ======================
Bibliographical Services Dept.               * If a costume's worth *
Middlesex University                         * making, it's worth   *
Bounds Green Road                            * making well enough   *
London, N11 2NQ                              * for every-day wear.  *
England                                       ======================
Tel No.(0181) 362 6405

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 12 Nov 1996 09:31:02 -0500
From:    Betsy Marks <betsy@ACCESS.DIGEX.NET>
Subject: Costume Con Fifteen Reminder!

Hi, all!

This is a gentle reminder for those of you planning to attend Costume
Con Fifteen next Memorial Day Weekend (May 23-26, 1997) in Baltimore, MD.

Our membership rates go up at the end of this month (11/30/96)!  The
Attending rate increases from $50.00 to $60.00.  Our Supporting
membership remains $25.00 throughout, and Under 12 remains $10.00.
Under 6 is Free, but must be accompanies by a parent at all times.

Supporting members receive three Progress Reports (One and Two are
available now), Convention Program Book, Dimensions in Design fashion
folio, and Whole Costumers' Catalog.  Attending members receive all
publications, AND have full access to four days of panels, demos,
workshops, Both Science Fiction/Fantasy and Historical Masquerade
competitions, the Dimensions in Design Fashion Show, and parties.

OF SPECIAL NOTE:  For those of you who were planning on entering design
drawings in the Dimensions in Design contest, the deadline has been
extended to November 25, 1996!  Get those drawings in to Karen Dick while
you still can!

For a complete list of all contest rules, or to request more
information about Costume Con Fifteen, send mail to this address:
(betsy@access.digex.net); or reach me by phone at (301) 474-8616, or
by mail at CCXV, c/o Marks, 7806 Hanover Parkway, Unit T-2, Greenbelt,
MD 20770-2617.

See you in Baltimore!

Betsy R. Marks
Chair, CCXV

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 12 Nov 1996 08:49:59 -0800
From:    Susan Fatemi <susanf@EERC.BERKELEY.EDU>
Subject: Trade with China

Excuse me but this is one of my bugbears.

What are "Arabians", people from the Arabian Peninsula? or do you
mean Arabs??
The overland trade routes at least were dominated by various Turkish
groups, from the Mongol period onwards and to some extent, in
different periods, by the Persians.  Remember, Saladin was a Turk.
The sea routes were monopolized by Arab traders.

Not all people in the Islamic world are "Arabians".

Susan Fatemi

susanf@eerc.berkeley.edu


>   Direct trade with China in Europe did not begin until after the
>Marco Polo expedition, sometime around 1297. Up to that point all trade
>with China was the monopoloy of the Arabians, who traded with India and
>China, and thereby controlled the silk and spice routes.
>
>Lorina J. Stephens
>author of _Touring the Giant's Rib_ & _Credit River Valley_
>embroiderer, restorer, artist
>http://web.idirect.com/~canuck/stephens/stephen.html
>
>------------------------------
>

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 12 Nov 1996 08:52:27 -0800
From:    Susan Fatemi <susanf@EERC.BERKELEY.EDU>
Subject: sorry

Well, now I have to grovel. I inadvertantly sent the whole
digest with my last message.

Deepest apologies, honest.

Susan Fatemi

susanf@eerc.berkeley.edu

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 12 Nov 1996 12:18:39 -0500
From:    felicia m ciaudelli <i000347@DISCH3.DISC.DLA.MIL>
Subject: A Rather Unusual Question

Good afternoon, everyone!!  I've been a lurker for quite a while, but now I
have a question.

WARNING!!!  Please do not read during your lunch, if you might be easily
nauseated!!  And my apologies for making my first question a rather *Yukky*
one.

I read in an Anya Seton book, *Katherine*, which was set around tenth/eleventh
century England, I believe, that the odor of the *outhouses*/*latrines*, or
whatever they were called in those days, was an excellent moth preventative.
Was this true?  And does anyone know how this got started?

Thanks in advance for any help!!

Felicia Ciaudelli

i000347@disch3.disc.dla.mil - or-
FELICIAMARIE@delphi.com


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
i000347 sends (felicia ciaudelli)...

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 12 Nov 1996 13:12:12 -0500
From:    Leigh Ann Schwarzkopf <LSCHWARZKO@AOL.COM>
Subject: flame retardency

You may want to consider synthetic fibers (even tho you prefer cotton)
because many are inherently flame resistent.  For example,  polyester.

My company manufacturers children's sleepwear.

We often use synthetics as the treatments for cotton and other natural
fibers is often nasty chemicals.  In fact, I have recently been
contacting domestic mills for treated cottons to use in a UK marketing
project and have been told "no way, they won't touch the chemically
treated stuff because it makes their workers ill."



Regards,

Leigh Ann Schwarzkopf

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 12 Nov 1996 13:29:44 -0500
From:    aleed <aleed@DNACO.NET>
Subject: Re: A Rather Unusual Question

>
> I read in an Anya Seton book, *Katherine*, which was set around tenth/eleventh
> century England, I believe, that the odor of the *outhouses*/*latrines*, or
> whatever they were called in those days, was an excellent moth preventative.

Sounds like one of those cases where the cure is worse than the disease.
;>

Drea

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 12 Nov 1996 14:01:13 EST
From:    Carol Kocian <CKOCIAN@EPE.ORG>
Subject: Eyeglasses

>From a note by Val Winkler/Kate Oakley:

> Rachel Rufer asked when people started wearing eyeglasses.
> ... we just went today to the exhibit of paintings from Burghley
> House and there was a painting by Francesco Trevisani (1656-1746)
> of the Mocking of Christ. (snip)  A sign next to the painting said
> eyeglasses were invented about, I think it said, 1280 (!) but their
> depiction in paintings is most unusual. >

    This leads to another question - how often did people wear their
glasses in various time periods? For American Revolution (1770's -
1780's) reenacting, we are fortunate to have repro frames available
as well as optometrists who will put corrective lenses into them.
Rumor has it, though, that there is a greater percentage of
reenactors wearing glasses than people would have done in that time
period. This would be partially due to the affordability of glasses,
but I hear someone who owned glasses would not always wear them.
Perhaps they were seen as a sign of weakness or considered to be
unattractive. Certainly not worn by most people when sitting for a
portrait!

    Does anyone have additional information for this or any other
time period on wearing glasses?

    -Carol Kocian

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 12 Nov 1996 16:09:20 -0400
From:    Marsha Hamilton <mhamilto@MAGNUS.ACS.OHIO-STATE.EDU>
Subject: Re: Exhibition Catalogs List - reply

Worldwide Books
1001West Seneca Street
Ithaca, NY  14850

They are specialists in art exhibition catalogs.  They produce a list of
available titles broken down by subject so you can find costume/fashion
titles.  Of course, portrait exhibits are also helpful.  I've purchased
U.S. and Spanish imprints from them.  They are very helpful and I believe
they have a web page (sorry,lost the address).

Marsha



>Does anyone know how or where I can obtain a comprehensive list of costume
>exhibition catalogs published worldwide between 1985-current.
>
>I find costume exhibition catalogs that have full-length photographs of
>original costumes on dummies one of the best sources for study, but I have
>been unable to find a complete list.
>
>I would appreciate any suggestions.
>
>Kathy Songal

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 12 Nov 1996 16:35:51 -0500
From:    COakley@AOL.COM
Subject: How I Started...

Wayne et al,
     Can't resist... The SCA not only started me in making historic costumes,
but in SEWING.  Well, I'd made curtains and napkins.  But a disastrous
experience back in junior high school with an "EASY" sundress pattern (I must
have ripped out every seam at least twice and Mom still had to fix it for me)
had convinced me I couldn't sew anything more complex than a straight hem.
     However.
     My husband and I got hooked on Renn Faires about 1989.  We wanted to
dress up.  We didn't want to pay the prices Renn Faire folks want for garb.
 So  we bought the basics, then I managed to reverse-engineer a peasant shirt
and baggy trews for him and a skirt, bodice and muffin-cap for me.  We were
off!
     When we finally stopped moving all over the country and had time for it
in 1992, we re-located the SCA (we'd been aware of it for ten years before
that) and soon realized we needed better clothes.  So I learned to use
patterns.  Then I learned to adapt patterns.  Then I learned fitting.  Now I
have people amazed at my sewing ability, though to me it's basically a
necessity-is-a-mother thing.
     What I do with clothes we don't use any more is sell them through a
merchant friend, at a discount depending on how used they are.  I also
occasionally make clothes for sale, though I make them to be sold cheaply and
therefore they're not to the standard of our own clothes, which are
increasingly "authentic" to the extent that I bought 80 yards of linen at
Pennsic to upgrade our underwear. (I'm trying to convince my husband it's NOT
going to become an arming pavilion, now that he's discovered documentation
for linen pavilions!)
     'Nuff rambling for today.  Regards-------------
                                                                Val WInkler
(SCA: Kate Oakley)

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 12 Nov 1996 16:09:43 -0600
From:    Sheryl Nance-Durst <P_SHERYL@KCPL.LIB.MO.US>
Subject: Re: Exhibition Catalogs

>Worldwide Books
>1001West Seneca Street
>Ithaca, NY  14850
>
>They are specialists in art exhibition catalogs.  They produce a list of
>available titles broken down by subject so you can find costume/fashion
>titles.  Of course, portrait exhibits are also helpful.  I've purchased
>U.S. and Spanish imprints from them.  They are very helpful and I believe
>they have a web page (sorry,lost the address).

Thank you Marsha for mentioning this!  I just checked out their web
site & I plan to look in more depth later.  I too was looking for
info on exhibition catalogs & this looks good since they keep records of
catalogs even if they are out of print (for the reference value).
BTW, I found their web address by the old rule - try www.(company name).com
It's  http://www.worldwide.com/

Sheryl J. Nance-Durst                   ...one of the secret masters of
Kansas City MO Public Library           the world: a librarian. They
p_sheryl@kcpl.lib.mo.us                 control information. Don't ever
                                        p**s one off.
                                          - Spider Robinson,
                                            _The Callahan Touch_

(Opinions expressed in this message do not reflect the viewpoint of
the Kansas City MO Public Library.)

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 12 Nov 1996 17:49:55 -0500
From:    aleed <aleed@DNACO.NET>
Subject: Re: How I got into costuming

It's interesting to hear people's stories.  I didn't realize the SCA
played such a large role in getting people into costuming.

I've already told my saga--but when it comes right down to it, the real
reason I got into costuming is a complete, utter, hopeless and unrequited
love of fabric. Brocade fabric, silk fabric, satin and linen and gauze and
taffeta, you name it.

Drea

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 12 Nov 1996 18:11:38 -0500
From:    Gretchen M Beck <grm@ANDREW.CMU.EDU>
Subject: uniquely you (fwd)

Gretchen Beck
Computing Services
Carnegie Mellon University

---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Mon, 11 Nov 1996 07:19:27 -0800
From: Axel Niesen <aniesen@earthlink.net>
To: h-costume-request@andrew.cmu.edu
Subject: uniquely you

can you provide me with an address/phone no of an 'uniqely you' dealer
in my neighbor hood (newbury Park, CA 91320) ???

Thanks a million!!!

Axel

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 12 Nov 1996 20:09:42 -0800
From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Exhibition Catalogs

Sheryl Nance-Durst wrote:
>
> >Worldwide Books
> >1001West Seneca Street
> >Ithaca, NY  14850
> >
> >They are specialists in art exhibition catalogs.  They produce a list of
> >available titles broken down by subject so you can find costume/fashion
> >titles.  Of course, portrait exhibits are also helpful.  I've purchased
> >U.S. and Spanish imprints from them.  They are very helpful and I believe
> >they have a web page (sorry,lost the address).
>
> Thank you Marsha for mentioning this!  I just checked out their web
> site & I plan to look in more depth later.  I too was looking for
> info on exhibition catalogs & this looks good since they keep records of
> catalogs even if they are out of print (for the reference value).
> BTW, I found their web address by the old rule - try www.(company name).com
> It's  http://www.worldwide.com/
>
> Sheryl J. Nance-Durst                   ...one of the secret masters of
> Kansas City MO Public Library           the world: a librarian. They
> p_sheryl@kcpl.lib.mo.us                 control information. Don't ever
>                                         p**s one off.
>                                           - Spider Robinson,
>                                             _The Callahan Touch_
>
> (Opinions expressed in this message do not reflect the viewpoint of
> the Kansas City MO Public Library.)

I tried it on a search for "costume/fashion" and they turned up 26
titles. I used to put out a catalogue aaveraging 1400 titles and a good
half of them were exhibit cataloges....
It doesn't make sense.
try Fred Struther's catalogue
fsbkd@mcn.org
it is not on-line but he will mail you one snail mail for free.

~!~ R.L. Shep

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 11 Nov 1996 to 12 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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There are 15 messages totalling 463 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. Linen Cleaning (2)
  2. Various (4)
  3. Unmentionable substances (2)
  4. Various Unmentionable Substances (3)
  5. lace (2)
  6. Veils - to bead, or not to bead
  7. Italian ren outfit ornamentation

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 13 Nov 1996 01:12:29 -0500
From:    COakley@AOL.COM
Subject: Linen Cleaning

Help, please!!  I missed some of the Sep/Oct discussion on cleaning stains
from linen, due to downloading errors on my part (AOL puts very long messages
in a file, and I lost a few h-costume digests).  I got the part about not
using bleach, and the part on the nature of waterstains, but I can't find the
info I need by reading back through my printed copies.  Since I don't want
you all to have to go through it again, if someone can help please Email me
off list at coakley@aol.com.

The problem is a quilted arming coat (gambeson or jupon) of off-white and
dark green linen, with dark green leather appliques.  The lady who made it
said it was probably washable, since she had pre-washed and soaked
everything, but she couldn't guarantee it.  Since this gambeson will
eventually be used for SCA fighting (read: sweating in), it has to be
washable, so I tried it.  After a cold water machine wash, it came out with
spots from the leather dye.  I immediately applied Z'OUT and with vigorous
hand scrubbing most of the stain came out.  I rolled the gambeson in towels
to get out the excess water, and hung it to dry.  Now it is completely dry,
but dye bled into the white linen from both the green linen and the leather
while it was drying.

If I use Z'OUT or DiDi 7, the cleaning substance has to be washed out with
water, which I am afraid means it will just bleed again while drying.  What I
need is a way to gently lift out the stain without getting the garment wet
again, and without resorting to dry cleaning.  I realize I'll have to re-do
the treatment every time this thing is washed, but I'm fanatic enough about
garb looking good that I will do it.  So, will lemon juice or peroxide,
applied with a cotton swab, and sunshine work???  If not, what do you
suggest?

Many thanks to anyone who can help.
                                                            Val Winkler

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 13 Nov 1996 10:47:00 BST
From:    Mrs C S Yeldham <csy20688@GGR.CO.UK>
Subject: Various

Leigh Ann Schwarzkopf said

>You may want to consider synthetic fibers (even tho you prefer cotton)
>because many are inherently flame resistent.  For example,  polyester.

We may be talking at cross-purposes here, but I have always been taught to
avoid man-made fibres around fires as they will melt on you - they may not
catch fire under the temperatures involved, but you will still end up with
a very nasty burn.  Wool is fire-resistant and won't melt on you.  As a
cook I've worked a lot around open fires and the skirt I usually wear has
quite a few holes from cinders but nothing more serious has ever developed.
I would be horrified if someone turned up at an event in a polyester
outfit, and not just on authenticity grounds!

Cotton is pretty flamable, but I don't know about linen - does anyone know?
I think it just chars, like wool.

The worst costume fire I know of involved a woman who had been a chandler
and had made the wicks for the candles, involving boiling nitrites (?) into
the wicks.  She had a heavy linen apron and had carefully boiled it to get
the wax out of the fabric.   However this had boiled the nitrites into the
apron, so when it caught in a fire the apron went up rapidly.  She was
wearing a wool bodice and skirt and they got the apron off her quickly, so
she wasn't burnt, but was very shocked.  One helpful factor was that she
always put her apron on last, so there was nothing hindering getting it off
her.  Every since I have been a terror for advising people to put the belt
on *under* the apron - its amazing how many catch their apron in the belt,
which would make it very difficult to get off if the apron did catch fire.

'Hearthdeath' was the second most common cause of death of women in the
Tudor period.

Re Eyeglasses

In the Tudor period they were very expensive, so even those who could
afford them would have taken great care of them, and probably not worn them
when not using them.  I think my mailing about the type of correction when
amiss - only one kind of lense could be manufactured but I can't remember
whether it was for long or short sight!

Re:  Jakes, Privy etc

Tudor terms for the loo.  There is a book to be written about this,
although I don't think anyone has.  In fact the term 'water closet' is
appropriate in the latter part of the 16th century.  Sir William Harrington
is supposed to have installed one in one of the Royal Palaces for Elizabeth
I.  Quite a lot of castles have them 'hidden' in the walls, with a drop to
the outside of the wall.  This would give room for storage of clothes, and
you do hear it repeated that furs in particular were stored above the
storage area to keep moths off.  There is a lovely 13th century defensive
manor in Kent where the solar section of the house can be completely cut
off from the hall, underneath the solar was the storage area for the house
which was not accessible from the hall and the upstairs solar had two small
rooms off it, one was a chapel, the other a small storage area with a
double jakes, which dropped outside the walls.  Of course, most clothes
would be stored folded, in chests.  Maybe these spaces were also used to
let the folds drop out, in the breeze from outside!

Human urine had all sorts of uses in period, as bleach for washer women,
for dyers and tanners (animal urine was also used for the tanning of
hides).  Nightsoil was collected, (tho not often enough in towns according
to the complaints) for use on the land.  I have also been told that the
floors of cottages were periodically dug up to collect the nitrite (?)
crystals for making explosives.

Caroline

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 13 Nov 1996 03:56:12 -0800
From:    Conrad Hodson <conradh@EFN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Various

On Wed, 13 Nov 1996, Mrs C S Yeldham wrote:

> Leigh Ann Schwarzkopf said
>
> >You may want to consider synthetic fibers (even tho you prefer cotton)
> >because many are inherently flame resistent.  For example,  polyester.
>
> We may be talking at cross-purposes here, but I have always been taught to
> avoid man-made fibres around fires as they will melt on you - they may not
> catch fire under the temperatures involved, but you will still end up with
> a very nasty burn.  Wool is fire-resistant and won't melt on you.  As a
> cook I've worked a lot around open fires and the skirt I usually wear has
> quite a few holes from cinders but nothing more serious has ever developed.
> I would be horrified if someone turned up at an event in a polyester
> outfit, and not just on authenticity grounds!
>
> Cotton is pretty flamable, but I don't know about linen - does anyone know?
> I think it just chars, like wool.

Margaret Weller here--

I did research a number of years ago, burn-testing quite a number of
fabrics. I was concerned, having seen many people show up at SCA events in
garb made from materials that struck me as two ways dangerous--hpothermia
dangers as well as flammability.

Checking my notes, I find that I listed linen with cotton--burns with a
slow, steady flame. Rather variable, depending on looseness of weave
(loose weaves burn faster) and finish on cloth. Burns to an ash that
crumbles to dust, therefore cooling considerably faster than a synthetic
with a plastic residue.

Polyester takes a little longer than cotton to catch fire, but when it
does, it flares and burns considerably faster and hotter than cotton. This
goes in spades for rubberized nylon, other nylon, acrylic (including polar
fleece) and spandex. and polypropylene. The acrylics I have burn tested
remind me of descriptions of napalm (we are talking petroleum productsl,
after all). They flare most dramatically and drop large gouts of flaming
plastic on anything in the way.  If they are on you, they will stick to
you and the burns will be truly nasty. The fake fur that is acrylic
pile/polypro back has a smaller residue bead. Most children's acrylic
sleepers are treated with something that does *not* wash out that keeps
them from burning. If they melt, of course, they still stick.  But it your
child falls into the fire, you will have problems no matter what s/he is
wearing...

Other fabrics:

Rayon--technically a synthetic, it's made from wood fiber and so reacts to
flame a lot like cotton. I have not tested the current rayons; finish can
make a fabric more or less flammable.

Wool--in many ways the safest of fabrics. It *will* catch fire, but if not
constantly fed, the flame will die out.  No plastic residue to burn you
after the fire is out. We ARE speaking of 100% wool here. The ash crumbles
to dust. The finish (for instance a permapress finish) may make the fabric
more flammable.  Sometimes these finishes wash out over time, sometimes
not.

Wool blends--each one is different and should be tested individually for
flammability. Anything less than 50% wool will not have the woolen
property of warmth when wet. (I suppose wool/polypro would be an exception
to this).

Silk--although another animal protein fabric (like wool), it burns more
like cotton and leaves a typical natural ash.

If you want to do your own burn testing program:

First, don't hold the fabric in your fingers.  Some of the fabrics nearly
explode when they take fire. Tweezers, tongs, needlenose pliers, or a
metal stand with clamp will all work. I prefer the stand because otherwise
I sometimes forget and part of me (a hand, a knee, a leg) ends up under
the flame just as it drips molten plastic. I have a scar on one knee to
remind me of this...  So make sure you are neither *under* or *over* the
test piece.  Don't wear flowing clothes while doing this, either.  Roll up
your sleeves; if you have long hair, tie it up or back. Do it outside over
cement or damp ground to avoid starting fires you didn't intend. Another
reason to do it outside is that the fumes it generates are NOT GOOD for
you.

The extension service where I live has a handout that tells how to
prepare fire-retardant solutions to apply to fabric, and gives assessments
of effectiveness, i.e. does it weaken fabric, how long does it take for
cloth treated with it to catch, etc.. Also gives a list of facts, like the
fact that these compounds wash out, and so must be replaced after each
laundering. Your extension service may have something similar. Or, if
there is interest, I could type my copy in (I don't have a scanner or such
like). I'd be happy to do it, but I may have 'talked' everyone's ears off
on the topic already.


  Nightsoil was collected, (tho not often enough in towns according
> to the complaints) for use on the land.

A wonderfully efficient use of waste which has fallen out of use as people
become more aware of the principles of parasitology.

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 13 Nov 1996 08:22:36 -0800
From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Various

>
> Human urine had all sorts of uses in period, as bleach for washer women,
> for dyers and tanners (animal urine was also used for the tanning of
> hides).  Nightsoil was collected, (tho not often enough in towns according
> to the complaints) for use on the land.  I have also been told that the
> floors of cottages were periodically dug up to collect the nitrite (?)
> crystals for making explosives.
>
> Caroline

I was told by a Chinese woman that it was traditional in her village for
women to wash their faces with baby urine to improve their complexions!

I have also heard of people drinking their own urine to IMPROVE their
immune systems!

Go figure.

~!~ R.L. Shep

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 13 Nov 1996 17:07:00 GMT
From:    "Chandler, Sally A." <S.A.Chandler@SHU.AC.UK>
Subject: Unmentionable substances

Apparently babies' urine cures warts too.

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 13 Nov 1996 12:01:26 -0600
From:    Noelle Nicol <Noelle_Nicol@DGII.COM>
Subject: Re: Various

Hmm,

I know one of the women in my acquaintance in the SCA earned her Laurel in the
Arts for creating paints in an old-fashioned method;  grind up the appropriate
minerals for the tint, egg yolk,  and an acid to help bind the other
ingredients together.  The most easily accessable acid in the Middle Ages
would have been urine.

Also-  In one of Morgan Llwelyn's books, one of the characters mentions using
urine to bathe a severe burn.  (Urine is actually sterile, so this is not as
horrible as it sounds.)

Yours,

NSN

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 13 Nov 1996 13:09:09 -0500
From:    aleed <aleed@DNACO.NET>
Subject: Re: Various Unmentionable Substances

On Wed, 13 Nov 1996, R.L. Shep wrote:

 >
 > Human urine had all sorts of uses in period, as bleach for washer women,
 > for dyers and tanners (animal urine was also used for the tanning of
 > hides).

One of the most revolting dye recepies I've ever come across (it was
scottish) specified that a tub of urine be left out in the sun for a week
and stirred daily before being used to dye cloth indigo.  Bleach.

Drea

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 13 Nov 1996 13:33:39 -0500
From:    Eileen Watson <BADITUDE1@AOL.COM>
Subject: lace

Can anyone help me with a homework assignment on the Swiss lace produced by
machine called "shefley" (sp.)or something to that nature?  I need who, when
where(city, textile firm) fabric used and price then and now.  Thanks in
advance for any help.
Eileen Watson

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 13 Nov 1996 14:35:49 +0000
From:    Beth + Dallas Bardot <bardot@CRIS.COM>
Subject: Veils - to bead, or not to bead

Howdy!  I have a question regarding beading on veils.  Is it period
(specifically for 10th C. Anglo-Saxon or Byzantine)?  Also, would it
be a beaded design "embroidered" around the edge, or a beaded fringe,
or possibly both?  And how complex?

Any information would be appreciated!

Thanks ...
Eowen Annesdohtor
mka
Beth Bardot
bardot@cris.com

"Nobody told me that living happily ever after would be such hard work ..."
S. White

O-

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 13 Nov 1996 14:51:15 -0500
From:    Eric Praetzel <praetzel@ECE.UWATERLOO.CA>
Subject: Italian ren outfit ornamentation

Does anyone have any sort of reference to find out what men wore?
I've gone thru 4 books of paintings and have yet to see anything.
I have a bad photocopy of Journey of the Magii and something is
being worn.  It might be a wire braid formed into loops with jems
in the middle.  I'm not sure.

Perhaps it is a metal chain attached to jems and worn over the
chiopa as opposed to something that is sewn onto the jacket?

I've hunted thru for all titles with renaissance, venetian and
fashion and no luck.

  - Eric

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 13 Nov 1996 14:22:40 -0600
From:    Nancee Beattie <nbeattie@MAIL.INLINK.COM>
Subject: Re: Unmentionable substances

At 05:07 PM 11/13/96 GMT, you wrote:
>Apparently babies' urine cures warts too.
>
>

Hey, I've got an unlimited supply of the stuff if anyone is interested in
mail-ordering it :).

Nancee (potty training can't be that far away...)

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 13 Nov 1996 12:34:06 -0800
From:    A Alexander <aalexander@STPAULSHOSP.BC.CA>
Subject: Re: Various Unmentionable Substances

>>On Wed, 13 Nov 1996, R.L. Shep wrote:
>> Human urine had all sorts of uses in period, as bleach for washer women,
>> for dyers and tanners (animal urine was also used for the tanning of
>> hides).
>
>At 13:09 13/11/96 -0500, Drea <aleed@DNACO.NET> wrote:
>One of the most revolting dye recepies I've ever come across (it was
>scottish) specified that a tub of urine be left out in the sun for a week
>and stirred daily before being used to dye cloth indigo.  Bleach.
>
>Drea

One constituent of a good home-made compost is human urine.  When left out
in the fresh air the unpleasant vapours evaporate and the resulting liquid
is not unsavoury.
Until the 1960's traditional barbers kept a jar of old urine on their
counters in which to dip their combs for that final "run-through" after a
haircut.  It is supposed to be good for the hair as well as cutting down on
hair sebum.  Of course the customer never knew what the magic lotion
contained... Worth thinking about.

Anna
[h-costume lurker]

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 13 Nov 1996 20:03:45 -0800
From:    Diana Habra <dch@INREACH.COM>
Subject: Re: Linen Cleaning

Could anyone who responds to the post about linen cleaning please post
it to the list?  I know I could use some hints about this and I was not
on the list when this discussion took place originally.

Thanks!!

Rose :~>

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 13 Nov 1996 19:24:15 -0800
From:    Gwyn Carnegie <gcarnegi@MAIL2.QUIKNET.COM>
Subject: Re: lace

At 01:33 PM 11/13/96 -0500, you wrote:
>Can anyone help me with a homework assignment on the Swiss lace produced by
>machine called "shefley" (sp.)or something to that nature?

It is spelled schiffli

>I need who, when where(city, textile firm) fabric used and price then and
>now.  Thanks in advance for any help.  Eileen Watson

Doing a quick go through the rolodex, I found:

Joesph Bros. Embroidery
6030 Monroe Place
West New York, New York 07093
212-564-2174

They specilize in schiffli and venisse laces. I ran into them several years
ago at a TALA show.

Give'm a shot. They are a manufacturer, not a jobber. They may have minimums
but you may try to get sample yardage (usually 10 yds).

Back to my regularly scheduled lurking;-)

Gwyn Carnegie

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 13 Nov 1996 19:54:40 -0800
From:    Heather Rose Jones <hrjones@UCLINK.BERKELEY.EDU>
Subject: Re: Various Unmentionable Substances

On Wed, 13 Nov 1996, aleed wrote:
> On Wed, 13 Nov 1996, R.L. Shep wrote:
>
>  > Human urine had all sorts of uses in period, as bleach for washer women,
>  > for dyers and tanners (animal urine was also used for the tanning of
>  > hides).
>
> One of the most revolting dye recepies I've ever come across (it was
> scottish) specified that a tub of urine be left out in the sun for a week
> and stirred daily before being used to dye cloth indigo.  Bleach.

Yeah, it was used to bleach things too. ;)

Seriously, when my woad crop is ready, I'm planning to try the ...
traditional method. (But then, I used to do taxidermy and skeletal
preparations -- it takes a lot to gross me out.)

Heather Rose Jones

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 12 Nov 1996 to 13 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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Subject:  H-COSTUME Digest - 13 Nov 1996 to 14 Nov 1996
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There are 27 messages totalling 922 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. Chem/Urine
  2. Various (2)
  3. Various Unmentionable Substances (2)
  4. Unmentionable substances and dyes
  5. Costume & Dressmaker (7)
  6. <No subject given>
  7. Urine & Dyestuffs
  8. Urine Used As A Rinse For Dyes
  9. H-COSTUME Digest - 12 Nov 1996 to 13 Nov 1996
 10. eyeglasses & Arabs (2)
 11. Pee Pee again... ;>
 12. mid-19thc women's underwear (3)
 13. 1860's underpinnings
 14. flame retardency
 15. urine
 16. waulking cloth

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 00:23:39 EST
From:    bglickman@ECKERT.ACADCOMP.MONROECC.EDU
Subject: Chem/Urine

One of the most revolting dye recepies I've ever come across (it was
scottish) specified that a tub of urine be left out in the sun for a week
and stirred daily before being used to dye cloth indigo.  Bleach.

----------------------------------------------------
The reason for leaving the urine for a week was to let the urea break
down into ammonia which is a more effective mordant for most dyes - It
"eats" into the fiber.  Our urine contains urea which is two ammonias
held together by another small molecule; it is way less toxic than ammonia.
Urea is added to many hand lotions because it was found that it is a good
"hydrator" - it hold water and so moisturizes the skin.  (Look in the
ingredients section of the label...)

To save the weight of dragging around a liquid-filled bladder, birds produce
a crystalline "urine" product called uric acid - It's the pasty white
part of bird droppings.  I've gotten "splotched" a couple of times and
the shirts had "bleached" patches - not very strong, but visible...
Now I wish I'd saved them....Hmmmmm, maybe I'll check it out this summer.
I know this light pole where the seagulls congregate...
("Honestly, Officer, I'm just doing a chemistry experiment....")

Bonnie G. B)
-------------------------------------------------|=|=|--------
 Bonnie Glickman                                 =|=|=  "I'm NOT waiting
 Bio. Dept.; Monroe Comm. Coll.                  |=|=|   until I'm old...
 Rochester, NY  14623   (716) 292-2725           =|=|=   I'm wearing my
 email:  bglickman@eckert.acadcomp.monroecc.edu  |=|=|   Purple NOW!!" -bg

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 01:49:10 -0800
From:    Conrad Hodson <conradh@EFN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Various

> I was told by a Chinese woman that it was traditional in her village for
> women to wash their faces with baby urine to improve their complexions!

And in the Yemen, women traditionally use camels' urine for a hair rinse,
to control lice.  If the breeze is right, my informant said, you can smell
the woman almost as far as you can see her....

Conrad Hodson

who thinks that an awful lot of "tradition" consists of Really Bad
Ideas...

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 11:49:40 +0000
From:    Dorothy Stein <dstein@SAS.AC.UK>
Subject: Re: Various Unmentionable Substances

> One of the most revolting dye recepies I've ever come across (it was
> scottish) specified that a tub of urine be left out in the sun for a week
> and stirred daily before being used to dye cloth indigo.  Bleach.
A dung-bath was traditionally used in India to finish their acclaimed
and hotly desired cottons. I think as a mordant. Dorothy

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 09:46:57 +0000
From:    Maggie Percival <maggie@IREADH.DEMON.CO.UK>
Subject: Unmentionable substances and dyes

>
>Seriously, when my woad crop is ready, I'm planning to try the ...
>traditional method. (But then, I used to do taxidermy and skeletal
>preparations -- it takes a lot to gross me out.)

I'd be interested to hear how this goes - everything I've ever read on
the subject refers to the terrible stench of woad dye.

I recently had to do some research on the use of natural dyes (for a
talk on clothing worn by hobbits - as in the works of JRR Tolkien).  A
number of the books I consulted on dying referred to the use of ammonia
in order to obtain red and sometimes purple hues - particularly when
obtaining dyes from certain lichens.  Urine, of course, would be perfect
for this type of thing.

--
Maggie Percival

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 08:11:29 PST
From:    Lena Meyer <premier@BRUTUS.BRIGHT.NET>
Subject: Costume & Dressmaker

Has anyone seen this new publication:
Costume & Dressmaker, the Magazine
for the Serious Costumer.  It is for concentration
of costume study and production, and a bi-monthly
magazine.  It was announced in a CSA newsletter.
Would like to know more about it, if anyone has
read it. I am considering subscribing.  Thanks.


Lena

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 07:26:51 -0700
From:    "Morgan E. Smith" <mesmith@FREENET.CALGARY.AB.CA>
Subject: Re: Various Unmentionable Substances

I've also heard that the gypsies (a generic term, as opposed to the
Romany) used urine as a hair rinse. Urine was also used in the fulling
process for finishing cloth.
Morgan

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 10:44:27 -0500
From:    Dawn Vukson-Van Beek <vukso001@GOLD.TC.UMN.EDU>
Subject: Re: Costume & Dressmaker

On Thu, 14 Nov 1996 08:11:29 PST Lena wrote...
>Has anyone seen this new publication:
>Costume & Dressmaker, the Magazine
>for the Serious Costumer.  It is for concentration
>of costume study and production, and a bi-monthly
>magazine.  It was announced in a CSA newsletter.
>Would like to know more about it, if anyone has
>read it. I am considering subscribing.  Thanks.

If anyone has the information please post it tothe list, I am interested
also.
Dawn Vukson-Van Beek

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 08:43:32 -0800
From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Costume & Dressmaker

Dawn Vukson-Van Beek wrote:
>
> On Thu, 14 Nov 1996 08:11:29 PST Lena wrote...
> >Has anyone seen this new publication:
> >Costume & Dressmaker, the Magazine
> >for the Serious Costumer.  It is for concentration
> >of costume study and production, and a bi-monthly
> >magazine.  It was announced in a CSA newsletter.
> >Would like to know more about it, if anyone has
> >read it. I am considering subscribing.  Thanks.
>
> If anyone has the information please post it tothe list, I am interested
> also.
> Dawn Vukson-Van Beek

I remember asking for a Review Copy for RAGS.   I was told that they
wanted to get a few issues under their belts before doing that (which I
certainly can understand for a new publication).  My sense tells me that
they were going to start this fall and I expected to see an issue after
the end of the year.

~!~ R.L. Shep

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 10:52:16 -0600
From:    Noelle Nicol <Noelle_Nicol@DGII.COM>
Subject: Re: Costume & Dressmaker

That makes three of us.  I have been tossing around the idea of getting a
subscription for me and one for a fellow costume junkie in my area.

Yours,

Noelle

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 12:43:51 -0400
From:    Rich Williamson <costumes@MINDSPRING.COM>
Subject: <No subject given>

Philadelphia Suburbs:

****NOTE: THERE ARE TWO KINDS OF OPENINGS SO SCROLL TO THE BOTTOM FOR THE
SECOND ONE.

Local Costumer with an large national presence is looking to fill an
immediate opening.  This is a "fun" position with very few rigid rules and
guidelines, so self-starters are desired.  We are looking for creative,
intelligent people with good verbal skills.  The ideal candidate would have
experience in the following fields:  Theatrical productions, sewing,
clothing construction, retail sales, business management, retail display,
verbal and written communication, managing others, and basic scheduling.
One doesn't have to have experience in all  these fields but, it helps.

The position is never boring.  The work changes every day.   Some days you
will be pulling together a group of costumes for a professional theatrical
production, the next you will be talking about make-up to a film director.
Later you might be designing and working on an NFL team mascot, then
creating costumes for a convention.  Depending on experience one might:
sketch & design outfits, buy fabric & forecast costs, construct outfits,
work with retail customers, organize costumes and accessories for large
events, work on retail displays, meet with directors to discuss
productions, help customers with theatrical make-up & wigs, alter costumes
for costume rentals, and much more.

We are looking for a full-time employee that has aspirations toward moving
on to managing, and running large projects.  We are also looking for
part-time and full-time help in an all-around capacity.

Pierre's is a combination of three different costumers, the oldest being
since 1876.  We continue to maintain two separate retail locations in the
Philadelphia suburbs.  Pierre is one of the world's foremost Costumers with
over 40,000 different costumes to chose from, making it by far the largest
costume shop in area, and one of the largest in the country.  Pierre's has
maintained a complete full service professional costume house, designing
and manufacturing on the premises, this allows the public and theatrical
organizations the opportunity of renting from a wide range of top quality
in-house manufactured costume or original historic garments.  Pierre's
continues to design and manufacture mascots for schools, parades, costumes
for Television Personalities, Movies, Musicians, Performers, and many
others.

This is a five day a week job from 10-5:30 with a paid break for lunch.
There are various benefits that can be discussed in person.  Salaries are
dependant upon the individual's experience and ability to perform various
jobs.


******
We are also filling skilled positions for theatrical tailors.  We recently
won a huge contract to provide costumes for one of the largest theatres in
the country.  The position would be long-term.  The individual should have
some level of formal training in costume or clothing manufacture.  Many
years of experience would also be acceptable.  We have industrial sewing
equipment to help with the job.  Again the environment is laid back, and we
try to take care of our employees.


*****
If you are interested and want to learn more about the position, please
call Rich Williamson at the phone number below to discuss setting up an
interview.

Rich Williamson
Pierre's Costumes
7882 Browning Road
Pennsauken, NJ 08109
(formerly Miller Costume -1876 & Pierre of Philadelphia -1943)
609-486-1188  Phone
609-486-4402  Fax
NOTE: 9-27-96 new address:  costumes@mindspring.com

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 12:59:43 -0500
From:    Mary Smith <MDSDMB@AOL.COM>
Subject: Re: Costume & Dressmaker

Hi List,

I am the publisher of COSTUME & DRESSMAKER, The Magazine For Serious
Costumers.

Issue 1 has been published, and mailed. There are more copies available.
Issue 2 is about to go to press, with Issue 3 very shortly thereafter. Issue
4 is due out around Feb 1, which will put me back on schedule. I am eagerly
looking for advertisers, both classified and display.

The magazine is about any kind of costuming, historic
reproduction/SF/Fantasy/stage/film. There are regular columns on book &
product reviews, costuming in cyberspace, a comprehensive calendar of costume
related events and advertisers of products of interest to costumers.

I am learning the business as I go along, so each issue will be bigger and
better than the previous one. I currently do B/W, but plan to go color with
the April issue.

Subscriptions are $18 for six issues (bimonthly), cash/check/MO. Subscribers
outside the US and Canada, please contact me. Anyone who refers a business
that becomes an advertiser gets a free subscription. Anyone who sends in six
subscriptions plus their own, gets theirs for free. All subscriptions begin
with Issue 1 until I run out.

If you are interested in writing an article, or have a request for a specific
type of article, drop me a note.

Thanks for the inquiries!

Cordially,
Mary Denise Smith
Costume & Dressmaker
4500 19th St #298
Boulder CO 80304-0619
mdsdmb@aol.com

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 13:54:00 -0500
From:    Mary Smith <MDSDMB@AOL.COM>
Subject: Urine & Dyestuffs

For a comprehensive and useable description of dyestuffs/mordants/rinses,
refer to MEDIEVAL DYES by Jodi Smith. There are thorough discussions of
fibers, dyestuffs, mordants, rinses and methodology in the book. Jodi is a
widely experienced weaver and dyer.

The book is $12, self published, from

Spinning Madly
6333 East Highway 402
Loveland CO 80537

Hope this helps,
Mary Denise Smith

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 13:54:22 -0500
From:    Mary Smith <MDSDMB@AOL.COM>
Subject: Urine Used As A Rinse For Dyes

After a fiber, yarn or fabric is dyed, it is rinsed. The rinsing liquid has a
profound effect on the final color of the textile. Water (hard or soft,
spring, polluted river, rain, etc), vinegar, urine (stale or fresh), etc all
add to the chemical soup.

Try it sometime. Do a small dyebath of, say, marigold flowers for yarn or
strips of wool fabric pre-mordanted in alum. Give each labeled sample a
different final rinse. Some differences will be small, others astounding.

Cordially,
Mary Denise Smith

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 10:54:10 PST
From:    Venus Envy <goddess@WONDERLAND.COM>
Subject: Re: H-COSTUME Digest - 12 Nov 1996 to 13 Nov 1996

I can't believe peopel are fussing this much about urine.

Havne't you ever used Procion dyes?  Hi tech - wonderful color -
and they sell crystalized urea with it still because it's the best stuff
around.  I have a packet or two in my supplies as we speak...

-heather

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 15:04:36 -0400
From:    Marsha Hamilton <mhamilto@MAGNUS.ACS.OHIO-STATE.EDU>
Subject: Re: eyeglasses & Arabs

People in Europe and America are often unaware of the contributions of
Arabs and the Islamic world in general to science, technology, and learning
during the "Golden Age" in the Middle East approx. 700-1250 C.E.

Many Greek scientific and philosophical texts entered Europe from Arab
translations of Greek works. There was a concerted state-sponsored effort
in the 9th and 10th century Arab world to translate Greek works.  These
were found throughout the Arab empire whose influence at times extended
from Spain (and almost southern France) to China.

Some scientific discoveries documented in the Arab world prior to their
"discovery" in Renaissance Europe include:

-  Study of optics, lenses (Ibn al-Haytham, who died in 1039 wrote a definitive
        work which although not a best seller in the Arab world became highly
        prized in Europe at the end of the 13th century.)
-  The circulation of blood through vessels in the body (known in the Arab
world
        hundreds of years before Harvey)
-  Early realization of health tied to environment (in medieval Baghdad, the
        site for a hospital was determined by hanging raw meat on posts around
        the city.  The meat that decayed the slowest was where the hospital was
        built)
-  Urban safety (several cities has urban supported city lighting, i.e. lamps
        hung in the street by the city, not local homeowners, to reduce crime
        and easy travel)
- Air conditioning (several systems were available including evaporation
        screens, wind catching chimneys, and domes filled with ice brought down
        from the mountains)

Arabic translations of Greek texts found in libraries in Spain
(esp.Granada) after the Reconquest culminated in 1492 were translated by
Jewishs scholars into Latin.  Some say that is where the European
Renaissance got extra force.

Remember almost every technical term that begins with "al" (Arabic for
"the") is of Arab origin.  Alcohol, algebra, alchemy, are just a few.
Other Arabic words in common use are zenith, zero, coffee, cotton, and
sherbet.

Of course, the creation of complex textile patterns (pomegranates,
Arabesques, etc., cut velvets, etc.) was a feature of the Middle East which
was widely imitated in Renaissance Italy.  As was metal working, horse
breeding, ......off the soapbox.

Marsha

>>>So the first _corrective lenses_ are Medieval European.

>>        Depends on which source you read. Some attribute corrective lenses
>>to the Arabians, and the Venetians stole some of their craftsmen and
>>sequestered them on the island of Murano, where they were able to produce
>>lenses in mass quantities.
>
>I'm _pretty_ sure the only source for this theory is the (quite wonderful)
>"Niccolo" series of historical novels, written by Dorothy Dunnett.  If
>anyone has other info on the origins of corrective lenses (other than the
>late 13th C. Italian attribution, which I have...somewhere....) I would be
>most grateful for the citations.

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 10:53:18 -0800
From:    The Polsons <willow@RECREATING-HISTORY.COM>
Subject: Pee Pee again... ;>

Various ladies said:
>Also-  In one of Morgan Llwelyn's books, one of the characters mentions using
>urine to bathe a severe burn.  (Urine is actually sterile, so this is not as
>horrible as it sounds.)

Actually, I've heard that many a Vietnam medic died using urine...
apparently, when they ran out of water to moisten bandages in the field,
they would use urine since it was the next best sterile liquid, and
uneducated soldiers, coming upon the scene, would see the medic peeing on
their fellow soldier and shoot him on the spot.

What the heck... I couldn't resist this tangent.

>One of the most revolting dye recepies I've ever come across (it was
>scottish) specified that a tub of urine be left out in the sun for a week
>and stirred daily before being used to dye cloth indigo.  Bleach.

I read in one of Jean Auel's "Clan" books about using urine to bleach
suede/leather to a cream or white color. One of these days I'll try it and
see what happens... 8-) I imagine after skinning a dead animal, urine
wouldn't be so "gross"...

(I don't get grossed out easily either, so no big deal!)

**********************************************
Willow Polson....willow@recreating-history.com
          Recreating History magazine
..."Historic Crafts, Cooking, and Clothing"...
----> http://www.recreating-history.com <-----
Call us toll free! 1-(888) REENACT (733-6228)
**********************************************

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 13:13:49 -0600
From:    Sheryl Nance-Durst <P_SHERYL@KCPL.LIB.MO.US>
Subject: Re: Costume & Dressmaker

I haven't seen any copies of the magazine yet, but I know that the woman
who puts it out subscribes to h-costume.  Her name is Mary Denise Smith.
I was asked to write one of the articles for the December issue which is
a good enough reason for me to subscribe!  <grin>  Seriously, since she hasn't
replied to everyone's questions & since my article was due on November 1st,
she may be busy getting the December issue ready for the printers.  If
she hasn't popped up in a week or so, I'll send her an e-mail to let her
know that people are asking about the magazine.


Sheryl J. Nance-Durst                   ...one of the secret masters of
Kansas City MO Public Library           the world: a librarian. They
p_sheryl@kcpl.lib.mo.us                 control information. Don't ever
                                        p**s one off.
                                          - Spider Robinson,
                                            _The Callahan Touch_

(Opinions expressed in this message do not reflect the viewpoint of
the Kansas City MO Public Library.)

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 13:34:23 EST
From:    Susan <susan@PCNET.COM>
Subject: mid-19thc women's underwear

Greetings!

I hope someone on this list can give me just a couple of tips on
making women's underwear for the 1860's.

Two questions.  First, am I correct in assuming that the full set
of underwear would include:

drawers & chemise (under corset)
corset
corset-cover
hoop skirt
petticoat (over hoop)

Am I missing any bits?  :)

Second, what forms of decoration are appropriate for this decade?
Tucks?  Cross-stitch?  Other forms of embroidery?  Ribbon-roses?
Eyelet?  Lace?  Lace beading?  Colored ribbons?  White ribbons?
No ribbons?

I have several books that give a reasonable overview for the
period on designing the outer garments, but very little on the
underwear other than the corset and hoop.

Thanks for any help you can offer!

Susan
susan@pcnet.com

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 13:45:14 -0600
From:    Nancee Beattie <nbeattie@MAIL.INLINK.COM>
Subject: Re: Costume & Dressmaker

Subscriptions to the bimonthly Costume and Dressmaker are $18 per year.

contact:

Mary Denise Smith
4500 19th St. #298
Boulder, CO 80304-0619
303-546-6223
FAX 303-546-6870
MDSDMB@aol.com

Nancee

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 15:25:28 EST
From:    LuAnn Mason <luannmason1@JUNO.COM>
Subject: Re: mid-19thc women's underwear

On Thu, 14 Nov 1996 13:34:23 EST Susan <susan@PCNET.COM> writes:
>Greetings!
>
>I hope someone on this list can give me just a couple of tips on
>making women's underwear for the 1860's.
>
>Two questions.  First, am I correct in assuming that the full set
>of underwear would include:
>
>drawers & chemise (under corset)

yes

>corset

yes

>corset-cover

>From what I understand, this was a maybe--some women wore 'em and some
didn't.  In my opinion, they're not necessary.  The chemise protects your
corset from body oils and perspiration, and your dress doesn't have any..
 ;)

>hoop skirt

Depends on what you want to do.  If you're going to be doing a more
"active" living history (cooking, scrubbing, hauling wood, etc.) then
hoops are down right dangerous, not to mention uncomfortable.  If you
decide against hoops, try a corded petticoat--keeps your skirts from
wrapping around your ankles, holds the dress out, and most importantly,
DOESN'T poke you in the backside when you try to sit down.

>petticoat (over hoop)

This is a maybe for me--if your hoopskirt bones show through your dress,
then you need a petticoat.  It's more important, IMO, to have a petticoat
UNDER your hoops.  When you bend, even a little, there's an awful lot to
see, and a petticoat UNDER the hoop minimizes the peep show.

>Am I missing any bits?  :)

>Second, what forms of decoration are appropriate for this decade?
>Tucks?  Cross-stitch?  Other forms of embroidery?  Ribbon-roses?
>Eyelet?  Lace?  Lace beading?  Colored ribbons?  White ribbons?
>No ribbons?

I think whitework was most common on underthings, and lace was pretty
rare.  Tucking and pin tucking seem to be pretty common on the few photos
I've seen of originals.

Are you asking still specifically about underthings, or decorations in
general?  Most day dresses look pretty plain to me, with maybe some plain
flat braid/trim applied  (I'm assuming black velvet, and/or black
ribbons/braid, but in a black and white photo, who knows????)  If you're
making a ballgown, on the other hand, I think an argument can be made for
more ornamentation.  This is just from my own experience, so take it for
what it's worth--

My ballgown is a double skirted pink faux silk (too pale for my age, but
I followed the original description <<sigh>>  Now I know better....),
with the top skirt "looped up" over the lower skirt.  The six scallops
are held up with garlands of ribbon roses woven through with narrow
ribbons which I made.  The bertha is pleated, with a rose "posy" at the V
of the neckline.  Since I knew lace was pretty scarce, and I wasn't too
sure of embroidery being used on outer garments, I kind of opted to be
"safe" rather than "sorry."  Didn't work though--now I have a gorgeous
dress that I love, that is the wrong color.....  Oh, well, live and
learn, I guess.....<<heading back to the sewing machine>>

>Thanks for any help you can offer!

Well, other people will probably have lots to add, but I thought I'd take
a stab at it!  :)

Regards--

LuAnn


luannmason1@juno.com
"I've always been impulsive.  My thinking is usually pretty good, but I
always seem to do it after I do my talking--by which time I've generally
destroyed all basis for further conversation."   This Immortal by R.
Zelazny

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 15:40:08 EST
From:    LuAnn Mason <luannmason1@JUNO.COM>
Subject: Re: 1860's underpinnings

On Thu, 14 Nov 1996 13:34:23 EST Susan <susan@PCNET.COM> writes:
>Greetings!
>
>I hope someone on this list can give me just a couple of tips on
>making women's underwear for the 1860's.
>
>Two questions.  First, am I correct in assuming that the full set
>of underwear would include:
>
>drawers & chemise (under corset)

yes

>corset

yes

>corset-cover

>From what I understand, this was a maybe--some women wore 'em and some
didn't.  In my opinion, they're not necessary.  The chemise protects your
corset from body oils and perspiration, and your dress doesn't have any..
 ;)

>hoop skirt

Depends on what you want to do.  If you're going to be doing a more
"active" living history (cooking, scrubbing, hauling wood, etc.) then
hoops are down right dangerous, not to mention uncomfortable.  If you
decide against hoops, try a corded petticoat--keeps your skirts from
wrapping around your ankles, holds the dress out, and most importantly,
DOESN'T poke you in the backside when you try to sit down.

>petticoat (over hoop)

This is a maybe for me--if your hoopskirt bones show through your dress,
then you need a petticoat.  It's more important, IMO, to have a petticoat
UNDER your hoops.  When you bend, even a little, there's an awful lot to
see, and a petticoat UNDER the hoop minimizes the peep show.

>Am I missing any bits?  :)

>Second, what forms of decoration are appropriate for this decade?
>Tucks?  Cross-stitch?  Other forms of embroidery?  Ribbon-roses?
>Eyelet?  Lace?  Lace beading?  Colored ribbons?  White ribbons?
>No ribbons?

I think whitework was most common on underthings, and lace was pretty
rare.  Tucking and pin tucking seem to be pretty common on the few photos
I've seen of originals.

Are you asking still specifically about underthings, or decorations in
general?  Most day dresses look pretty plain to me, with maybe some plain
flat braid/trim applied  (I'm assuming black velvet, and/or black
ribbons/braid, but in a black and white photo, who knows????)  If you're
making a ballgown, on the other hand, I think an argument can be made for
more ornamentation.  This is just from my own experience, so take it for
what it's worth--

My ballgown is a double skirted pink faux silk (too pale for my age, but
I followed the original description <<sigh>>  Now I know better....),
with the top skirt "looped up" over the lower skirt.  The six scallops
are held up with garlands of ribbon roses woven through with narrow
ribbons which I made.  The bertha is pleated, with a rose "posy" at the V
of the neckline.  Since I knew lace was pretty scarce, and I wasn't too
sure of embroidery being used on outer garments, I kind of opted to be
"safe" rather than "sorry."  Didn't work though--now I have a gorgeous
dress that I love, that is the wrong color.....  Oh, well, live and
learn, I guess.....<<heading back to the sewing machine>>

>Thanks for any help you can offer!

Well, other people will probably have lots to add, but I thought I'd take
a stab at it!  :)

Regards--

LuAnn


luannmason1@juno.com
"I've always been impulsive.  My thinking is usually pretty good, but I
always seem to do it after I do my talking--by which time I've generally
destroyed all basis for further conversation."   This Immortal by R.
Zelazny

luannmason1@juno.com
"I've always been impulsive.  My thinking is usually pretty good, but I
always seem to do it after I do my talking--by which time I've generally
destroyed all basis for further conversation."   This Immortal by R.
Zelazny

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 16:05:50 -0500
From:    Sharon and/or Mikie <techies@IDIRECT.COM>
Subject: Re: flame retardency

I would have to disagree here.

SOME polyesters are flame resistant, but it is the treatment used on them,
not the quality of the fabric itself.  Trust me, polyester WILL burn, and
when it burns, it melts into your skin and sticks.  The only way to know how
resistant a fabric is to flame, is to do a flame test on it.  Make sure to
do this in a very well ventilated area (I do it with all my windows open, on
the stove with the hood on), using tweezers to hold the fabric, and with a
pie plate or something underneath - with baking soda, a fire extinguisher or
sand nearby!!!!
Sharon

At 01:12 PM 11/12/96 -0500, you wrote:
>You may want to consider synthetic fibers (even tho you prefer cotton)
>because many are inherently flame resistent.  For example,  polyester.
>
>My company manufacturers children's sleepwear.
>
>We often use synthetics as the treatments for cotton and other natural
>fibers is often nasty chemicals.  In fact, I have recently been
>contacting domestic mills for treated cottons to use in a UK marketing
>project and have been told "no way, they won't touch the chemically
>treated stuff because it makes their workers ill."
>
>
>
>Regards,
>
>Leigh Ann Schwarzkopf
>
*****************************
*                           *
* DON'T MESS WITH TECHIES - *
*                           *
* THEY ALL CARRY KNIVES     *
*                           *
*****************************

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 16:16:28 -0500
From:    Sharon and/or Mikie <techies@IDIRECT.COM>
Subject: Various

>Date:         Wed, 13 Nov 1996 10:47:00 BST
>Reply-To: Mrs C S Yeldham <csy20688@GGR.CO.UK>
>Sender: Historic Costume List <H-COSTUME@BROWNVM.BROWN.EDU>
>From: Mrs C S Yeldham <csy20688@GGR.CO.UK>
>Subject:      Various
>To: Multiple recipients of list H-COSTUME
>              <H-COSTUME@BROWNVM.BROWN.EDU>
>

>Cotton is pretty flamable, but I don't know about linen - does anyone know?
>I think it just chars, like wool.
>
Actually, linen burns much the same as cotton!!  (I just had to do a Fabric
Dictionary, and had to burn test 50 different samples, so I've become quite
the wealth of info...)
Sharon>

*****************************
*                           *
* DON'T MESS WITH TECHIES - *
*                           *
* THEY ALL CARRY KNIVES     *
*                           *
*****************************

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 14:28:11 -0800
From:    Conrad Hodson <conradh@EFN.ORG>
Subject: Re: eyeglasses & Arabs

I posted this a while back, but I don't think it got through.

The question was not optics, but optics in frames on the face
(eyeglasses)!  I have seen no evidence that any Arabs had anything to do
with the first eyeglasses.

They didn't invent magnifying glasses either--those are classical Greek
and Hellenistic.  What they _did_ do is preserve many Greek texts through
the Dark Ages, at a time when that information was mostly lost in Western
Europe.  They didn't just preserve them; they studied them too; medieval
Arab scientists made some original contributions on top of the Greek
material, especially about refraction of light.  _Lens grinding_ advanced
under the Arabs, possibly because they had the combination of the Greek
science and some of the longest-running glassworks in the world available
(in the Levant, what is now Lebanon and Syria).  It is quite possible that
lens grinding came to Italy from the Levant, as some people have mentioned
here.

But these are _magnifying glasses_, like a cartoon detective uses.  And we
have a definite mention of a "useful NEW art" in an Italian text, by a
priest who "personally met the inventor and talked to him".  This useful
new art was corrective lenses in frames on the face--eyeglasses.  The date
of this sermon is 1306, and says the invention was "not twenty years ago"
i.e. sometime in the 1280's.  I've seen no evidence (written or pictorial)
of Arabs wearing _eyeglasses_ before Italians did.

Hope this sorts out some of the confusion....

Conrad Hodson

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 21:30:50 -0500
From:    MsSheep@AOL.COM
Subject: Re: urine

Hello - Urine was called dyers sig ( dyers secret) and used in blue pots,
that is an indigo dye bath. Instructions vary  from source to source as to
preferred type,  with some suggesting male urine , urine from pregnant women
... first morning catch was called for( Higher concentration of urea.)
 Dianne   mssheep@aol.com

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 21:34:29 -0500
From:    Al De Santis <al.desantis@SYMPATICO.CA>
Subject: Re: mid-19thc women's underwear

At 01:34 PM 11/14/96 EST, you wrote:

>...women's underwear for the 1860's.
>
>...the full set of underwear would include:
>
>drawers & chemise (under corset)  yes
>corset   yes
>corset-cover  highly unlikely (only one example shown in 1865 Godey's)
>hoop skirt  yes  for all but work dresses
>petticoat (over hoop)  always with hoops, sometimes more than one.
>
>Am I missing any bits?  :)

  an under petticoat

>...what forms of decoration are appropriate for this decade?
>Tucks?

Common on the skirts of young girl's dresses, occasionally on adult dresses
of sheer material.  Very commonly used multiple rows on petticoats and
occasionally one or two near the bottom of drawers.

>Cross-stitch?

Not very common except, perhaps, as initials for identification.

>Other forms of embroidery?

Sometimes on special occasion undergarments, such as for a trousseau.

>Ribbon-roses?

Never seen or heard of this used.

>Eyelet?

Used frequently on bottom of drawers, necklines and sleeves of chemises, &
petticoat hems.

>Lace?

Only if you are really rich; lace was still expensive.

>Lace beading?  Colored ribbons?  White ribbons? No ribbons?

No ribbons were the most typical.  We have never seen any undergarments with
any beading.

Might we suggest Cunnington's "History of Underwear" Dover Press has
reprinted it.

Alexa Fletcher and Glenna Jo Christen
al.desantis@sympatico.ca     gwjchris@rust.net

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 14 Nov 1996 22:08:57 -0500
From:    Naelina@AOL.COM
Subject: waulking cloth

This summer I studied Scottish Gaelic in Canada, and we learned waulking
songs - songs sung by women (and men) while mashing urine-soaked (we used
water) wool on a corregated table to soften it and make the weave tighter and
warmer.

Sithiche

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 13 Nov 1996 to 14 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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Subject:  H-COSTUME Digest - 14 Nov 1996 to 15 Nov 1996
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There are 13 messages totalling 333 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. Dyes (2)
  2. Urine & Dyestuffs
  3. Thank you! - reply
  4. nalbinding
  5. Flame retardent fabrics
  6. woad/urine mordant
  7. Scandinavian Clothing
  8. leather, urine, stench
  9. woad
 10. unsubscribing
 11. Oh yeah.
 12. Various Unmentionable Substances

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 15 Nov 1996 10:34:00 BST
From:    Mrs C S Yeldham <csy20688@GGR.CO.UK>
Subject: Dyes

Since we seem to have got firmly onto dyes (and what an unshockable lot we
are!)  does anyone know about medieval/16th century leather dyes?  At the
moment we are using modern dyes, but we would like to use period ones.

Caroline

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 15 Nov 1996 09:03:27 -0500
From:    No Name <TULLYT@AOL.COM>
Subject: Re: Urine & Dyestuffs

I use urea. Isn't that approximately the same thing as urine?

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 15 Nov 1996 07:56:51 -0700
From:    "Morgan E. Smith" <mesmith@FREENET.CALGARY.AB.CA>
Subject: Re: Dyes

I'll second that request. I'm trying to make a pair of shoes for a costume
(Irishwoman's, c.8th cent.) and would like the leather to match the
overall colour scheme. Any info would be appreciated
Morgan

On Fri, 15 Nov 1996, Mrs C S Yeldham wrote:

>
> Since we seem to have got firmly onto dyes (and what an unshockable lot we
> are!)  does anyone know about medieval/16th century leather dyes?  At the
> moment we are using modern dyes, but we would like to use period ones.
>
> Caroline
>

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 15 Nov 1996 12:45:36 -0400
From:    Marsha Hamilton <mhamilto@MAGNUS.ACS.OHIO-STATE.EDU>
Subject: Re: Thank you! - reply

>Thank you for the information on Arabic contributions to science, which I'm
>sure barely scratched the surface.  I especially appreciate the info on the
>text by Ibn al-Haytham, which is most likely the "missing link" I had been
>searching for.

Thanks for your message. I've never heard the abducted craftsmen story either.

>If you would, please satisfy my curiosity on another point: Why would the
>degree of rot in meat indicate a more or less favorable site for a
>hospital?

The speed with which meat would decay was an indication of how bad an
environment would be for infection of open wounds. As we all know in
pre-antibiotic times, infection of open wounds and burns was a major cause
of death.  Much later by the time of the American Civil War, the
development of tools and speed in amputation (i.e. sawing off a limb and
staunching the blood flow before the patient died of shock in approximately
5 minutes), was the modern treatment for infection.  My great-grandfather
was a surgeon in Pennsylvania in the ACW.  His family story from the Battle
of Gettysburg was they sawed off arms and legs and threw them out the tent
window. When the pile was so high they couldn't throw any more out, they
quit operating.  I've seen such piles in Matthew Brady photos.

Lacking an understanding of germs and transmission of infection, I believe
medieval Arabs were making an analogy between an open wound going gangrene
and meat decaying; I believe they assumed the unknown factors that slowed
one would also slow the other. [Sorry it's off topic of textiles.]

Marsha

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 15 Nov 1996 12:01:51 -0500
From:    Tess Parrish <Tess1929@AOL.COM>
Subject: nalbinding

A reminder to those who haven't yet sent their $4 for the nalbinding folder I
sent out last month:  so far, something less than half of the packets I sent
out have been acknowledged and paid for.  This leaves me pretty well in the
hole, as I had figured it out the costs to be as close as possible: no profit
for me.
This is not to say that I am not extremely grateful to those who did respond.
  Thanks to you all--and you know who you are--and especially to those who
sent $5 instead of $4: every little bit really does help.
Tess

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 15 Nov 1996 12:38:50 -0500
From:    Leigh Ann Schwarzkopf <LSCHWARZKO@AOL.COM>
Subject: Flame retardent fabrics

While I don't want to get too far off topic of costuming, I find a need
to clarify  the positions being expressed regarding fabrics TYPICALLY AND
LEGALLY being used for children's sleepwear in the US.

We do thousands of tests each year to ascertain the safety levels of the
fabrications used in sleepwear.  The US Consumer Product Safety
Commission has established safety levels that can ONLY be met by using
polyester, certain  nylons and chemically treated fabrics.

My company chooses to stay away from chemical treatments for many of the
reasons people have mentioned in their postings - illness and  allergic
reactions  topping the list.

If you ever see an actual burn test, you will never doubt the safety of
TYPICAL sleepwear  polyester again.  (I'm not lobbying for anything but
it's safety).  It must self extinguish completely in order to pass the
test.  It does not ignite and it does not leave huge globs of molten residue.


If someone wants me to send them further information regarding the tests,
please e-mail me privately and I will respond.

Before the law  regarding flammability standards for children's sleepwear
were passed, around 55 children a year died in burn related accidents
while wearing pre-standard sleepwear.  Since the enactment of the law,
that number has been reduced to fewer than 5/year.  The first fabrics
used were treated with the chemical TRIS, which was subsequently found to
be carcinogenic.  Subsequent to that finding, most standard compliant
sleepwear came to be made of polyester.  (We typically use polyester
jerseys, interlocks, flannels, satin and fleeces along with nylon
tricot.)  THESE FABARICATIONS HAVE NO FR FINISHES ON THEM - THE FABRICS
ARE INHERENTLY FLAME RESISTENT.

Another interesting fact is that you can use FR thread, FR fabric, FR
beading, FR ribbon and when you sew them all together, the article will
not pass the FR test.

I received a letter from a consumer last year thanking me for my
company's compliance ethics.  Her child backed into a kerosene heater and
the cloth momentarily ignited.  She reported that the fabric hole was
less than the size of a US quarter coin and the burn her child sustaned
was less than a US dime. I can tell you from many years of first hand
experience that the child would either be dead or disfigured had the
garment been cotton.

Most of the long underwear-type  cotton sleepwear you find in  the stores
 is either illegally being sold as sleepwear, or it is treated with the
chemicals we have been discussing.The chemically treated fabrics are not
even available in this country.  Just last week three mills told me they
wouldn't touch the stuff for health and liability reasons.

The most dangerous part of any fabric fire is the chimney effect you get
with loose fitting garments.  When the fire is oxygenated from both
sides, it burns longer and hotter than if the garment is tight fitting.

Sorry to go on and on, but this topic is near and dear to my heart.  I
have been working with the American Apparel Manufacturers Association to
lobby the CPSC to keep the law in tact.  They have recently voted to
relax the standard and allow for certain garments to be exempt from the
standard.  Their position is so murky that retailers and manufacturers
have many questions and doubts, so it is bound to be confusing for
consumers.  "Parent's" magazine even misreported the new policy in their
November issue.

Thanx for listening.

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 15 Nov 1996 15:46:55 -0500
From:    Carolyn Hastings <Etherege@AOL.COM>
Subject: woad/urine mordant

I dyed wool some years ago with woad, using urine as a mordant.  I did the
fermenting in the basement and there was no oder problem to speak of.  I did
use a glass jar and there was a lid; perhaps the lid was on to tightly
because after I noticed a crack in the jar.  Thank goodness there were no
leaks, but plastic might be safer.  I think perhaps the odor problem might
have been with much larger batches and using wooden tubs, which are porous.
 Also apparently the woad was crushed and dried on a huge scale for later
use, and this smelled very bad even without the urine being added.

 Perhaps urine may be used as a bleach, but in this case it's a chemical
process that is a reducing agent that, if I remember correctly,  enables the
dye to go into solution.  Rita Buchannan has a very good discussion in A
Weaver's Garden.

The resulting color (using second year plants) was a steel blue, more grey
than blue, really.  You might want to experiment with harvesting your woad at
different seasons, and on different soils.

Carolyn H.
etherege@aol,com

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 15 Nov 1996 15:51:21 -0700
From:    Natascha Storms <sac74767@SACLINK.CSUS.EDU>
Subject: Scandinavian Clothing

Dear H-costume people,
    I have a report due in a couple weeks on Scandinavian clothing. If
anyone out there has any information please give me a brain dump. Any time
period is okay and any class is too though peasant is preferable. Viking is
good too.  Anything and everthing on Scandinavian clothing is perfectly
wonderful. If you even know of any books that would be great. I have been a
lurker here for a while but have never had and opportunity or reason to
write. Thanks to you all. Oh and thanks for the Nalbinding packet that is
really great even if I did only get it today (its called snail mail for a
reason I guess).
   Respectfully yours,
           Natascha Storms

  @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
 @  "What if you rub-up against it?     @
@ I'm always rubbing-up against things"  @
 @           -Cristi Jenkins            @
  @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 15 Nov 1996 18:36:28 -0800
From:    Gwyn Carnegie <gcarnegi@MAIL2.QUIKNET.COM>
Subject: leather, urine, stench

At 10:34 AM 11/15/96 BST, you wrote:
>does anyone know about medieval/16th century leather dyes?  At the
>moment we are using modern dyes, but we would like to use period ones.
>Caroline

On dyeing leather:
There is a period phamlet series called the "Picthlo" by Rossetti. It is a
collection of late 16th c. dye recipes.  These pamphlets are broken down
into catagories which include "To dye by the lesser art", "To give dye to
cloth by the greater art", and "To give colour to skins".

There are some problems with using Rossetti's recipes as he was a shipping
clerk and not guild dyer.  But they are a great place to start if you have a
lot of patience, a strong stomache, and access to some pretty strange
ingredients, like roche alum, gum arabic, and arsenic.

As soon as one of my students returns my notes, I'll post the ISBN for it.

On using urine:
Most everyone seems to have used urine for reducing indigo or woad, but it
was also used with red wine to reduce brazilwood chips and madder. I have a
13th c. recipe for reducing brazilwood which I have used and it works as
well as rubbing alcohol. Unfortunately, the recipe along with the original
latin text is in the same binder as the Rossetti notes.

On stench:
In my experience, nothing smells as bad as cochenial! It smells like a
ill-kept natural history museum... x50;-)  I've done small batches of indigo
and I've had very little reaction to it.  When cooking the cochenial, we had
to wear surgical masks with rose petals in them to keep from retching ......
but the silk was the most beautiful shade of deep pinky red when we were done.

Gwyn Carnegie

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 15 Nov 1996 18:47:00 -0800
From:    Gwyn Carnegie <gcarnegi@MAIL2.QUIKNET.COM>
Subject: woad

At 07:54 PM 11/13/96 -0800, you wrote:
>Yeah, it was used to bleach things too. ;)
>Seriously, when my woad crop is ready, I'm planning to try the ...
>traditional method. (But then, I used to do taxidermy and skeletal
>preparations -- it takes a lot to gross me out.)
>Heather Rose Jones


The trick seems to be to use first year leaves only....and to pull all the
seeds just before they drop to replant next year.  You seem to get a really
diminished blue with second year leaves.

Another reason to pull the seeds is that woad is listed as a noxious plant
in California.  It will take over the natives very quickly.

Gwyn Carnegie

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 15 Nov 1996 22:18:51 -0500
From:    SCMom@AOL.COM
Subject: Re: unsubscribing

It has been real fun reading along with this list.  However, for now, I have
all the information I need.  At least until more planning gets underway for
our Tricentennial.  I thank you all for the information, and the tidbits I
picked up from those of you that were/are doing projects from the same era
that I need.  Thank you to all of you.

And now for the silly question...  I forgot.  How do I unsubscribe?

Regards,
Kathy :)

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 15 Nov 1996 22:20:31 -0500
From:    SCMom@AOL.COM
Subject: Re: Oh yeah.

Oh.  And then how do I resubscribe, just incase I need more specific
information in the future?

Regards, again ...
Kathy

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 15 Nov 1996 16:42:37 GMT
From:    "Paul C. Dickie" <dickie@BOZZIE.DEMON.CO.UK>
Subject: Re: Various Unmentionable Substances

In message  <Pine.3.89.9611141133.J25560-0100000@a1.sas.ac.uk>
dstein@SAS.AC.UK wrote:
> > One of the most revolting dye recipies I've ever come across (it was
> > scottish) specified that a tub of urine be left out in the sun for a week
> > and stirred daily before being used to dye cloth indigo.  Bleach.
> A dung-bath was traditionally used in India to finish their acclaimed
> and hotly desired cottons. I think as a mordant. Dorothy

And also in India, the *original* source of the painters' pigment known as
"Indian Red" was the urine of cows that had been fed on madder leaves...

Meanwhile, back in the UK, sheeps' urine was once used as a mordant bath
in the dying of yarn for Hebridean home-spun cloth; perhaps ladies who now
use a scent called "Tweed" don't realise that it's supposed to be a synthetic
recreation of the stink of stale sheeps' stale?

< Paul >

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 14 Nov 1996 to 15 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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From: Automatic digest processor <LISTSERV@BROWNVM.brown.edu>
Subject:  H-COSTUME Digest - 15 Nov 1996 to 16 Nov 1996
To: Recipients of H-COSTUME digests <H-COSTUME@BROWNVM.brown.edu>

There are 10 messages totalling 328 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. BIG fabric sale
  2. Masquerade book
  3. Flame retardent fabrics
  4. unmentionable substances
  5. 1860's underpinnings (2)
  6. H-COSTUME Digest - 14 Nov 1996 to 15 Nov 1996
  7. Use of Urine
  8. Clothing on fire (was: flame retardency)
  9. Scandinavian Costume

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 15 Nov 1996 23:45:00 -0600
From:    mschulte@POST.ITS.MCW.EDU
Subject: BIG fabric sale

For those in the vicinity of Milwaukee on the weekend of 23(8am-5pm) and
24(10am-3pm) November, you may want to bring extra cash.
It is the weekend of JHCollectibles warehouse sale.  For those who have
never been: The have ready to wear fine suit-type clothes, too.  My
favourite part is the fabric, thread, and buttons.  This time, the
advertisement mentions wool gabardine and silk at $5/yd.  Who knows.  This
time of the year, there are usually a lot of wools and wool blends(mostly
fine suit wools, occassionally coating material) and often some wonderful
cotten velveteens.  Most fabrics are 52-60 inches wide. I have found Irish
linen at $8/yd on occassion.  There are of course polyesters...but not many,
interfacing at $1.75/yd, large spools of thread, zippers, and buttons (usu
10-15 for $1). Visit a department store and look for the JHC line of
clothing to get an idea of the types of fabric that *could* be available.
There is always a line to get in on Saturday morning.  (A lot of buses come
from Illinois and Indiana.)

A final warning, they will accept cheques, but no credit cards.

I am not a JHC employee, but a warehouse fabric sale addict.

Marie

Directions:
Best route to Milwaukee.  I-94 to the Airport.  Take Gen. Mitchell Field
Airpost exit(east).  Leave expressway at Howell Ave. exit.  Turn
left(north).  Follow Howell ave north approx 3-4 blocks, look for Edgerton
Ave sign(It's small.).  Turn left(west).  Travel two blocks west to
2nd(?)St.  Turn right(north).  The warehouse is two blocks north of Edgerton
and 2nd(?).  You'll see all the cars, before that though.

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 16 Nov 1996 01:38:22 -0600
From:    Tim Allison <tallison@MCS.COM>
Subject: Masquerade book

Can anyone help me find the title and author of a book about putting on a
masquerade at a science fiction convention? And if there is anyone from the
Middle West who sells garb or accessories and is interested in selling at
either a 15th Century historical group's convention or the aforementioned
science fiction convention, please let me know ASAP(off the list, of
course).
Carol Mitchell

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 16 Nov 1996 03:52:06 -0800
From:    Conrad Hodson <conradh@EFN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Flame retardent fabrics

Margaret Weller here--
  I feel that I owe an apology here. While I did say that children's
synthetic sleepers do not burn, I did not emphasize that it takes a
relative lot of provocation to make them` melt, and that they melt into a
sort of glaze that will cool much faster. And, the glaze is a very narrow
band at the edge of the fabric.  I don't know if it evaporates or what,
but it is different enough that I suppose it might not even stick.  In my
burn testing experience,
children's sleepers are the ONLY synthetics that are safe around flame.
 So, my apologies to Leigh Ann Schwarzkopf and her company, who really
*are* making fire retardant synthetic clothing. And many thanks for
clarifying that it is not a finish but intrinsic in the fabric. Now, if
her company can make fire retardant fabrics for children, why are so many
*adult* synthetics like napalm?
  Thanks for the correction.


On Fri, 15 Nov 1996, Leigh Ann Schwarzkopf wrote:

> While I don't want to get too far off topic of costuming, I find a need
> to clarify  the positions being expressed regarding fabrics TYPICALLY AND
> LEGALLY being used for children's sleepwear in the US.
>
> We do thousands of tests each year to ascertain the safety levels of the
> fabrications used in sleepwear.  The US Consumer Product Safety
> Commission has established safety levels that can ONLY be met by using
> polyester, certain  nylons and chemically treated fabrics.
>
> My company chooses to stay away from chemical treatments for many of the
> reasons people have mentioned in their postings - illness and  allergic
> reactions  topping the list.
>
> If you ever see an actual burn test, you will never doubt the safety of
> TYPICAL sleepwear  polyester again.  (I'm not lobbying for anything but
> it's safety).  It must self extinguish completely in order to pass the
> test.  It does not ignite and it does not leave huge globs of molten residue.
>
>
> If someone wants me to send them further information regarding the tests,
> please e-mail me privately and I will respond.
>
> Before the law  regarding flammability standards for children's sleepwear
> were passed, around 55 children a year died in burn related accidents
> while wearing pre-standard sleepwear.  Since the enactment of the law,
> that number has been reduced to fewer than 5/year.  The first fabrics
> used were treated with the chemical TRIS, which was subsequently found to
> be carcinogenic.  Subsequent to that finding, most standard compliant
> sleepwear came to be made of polyester.  (We typically use polyester
> jerseys, interlocks, flannels, satin and fleeces along with nylon
> tricot.)  THESE FABARICATIONS HAVE NO FR FINISHES ON THEM - THE FABRICS
> ARE INHERENTLY FLAME RESISTENT.
>
> Another interesting fact is that you can use FR thread, FR fabric, FR
> beading, FR ribbon and when you sew them all together, the article will
> not pass the FR test.
>
> I received a letter from a consumer last year thanking me for my
> company's compliance ethics.  Her child backed into a kerosene heater and
> the cloth momentarily ignited.  She reported that the fabric hole was
> less than the size of a US quarter coin and the burn her child sustaned
> was less than a US dime. I can tell you from many years of first hand
> experience that the child would either be dead or disfigured had the
> garment been cotton.
>
> Most of the long underwear-type  cotton sleepwear you find in  the stores
>  is either illegally being sold as sleepwear, or it is treated with the
> chemicals we have been discussing.The chemically treated fabrics are not
> even available in this country.  Just last week three mills told me they
> wouldn't touch the stuff for health and liability reasons.
>
> The most dangerous part of any fabric fire is the chimney effect you get
> with loose fitting garments.  When the fire is oxygenated from both
> sides, it burns longer and hotter than if the garment is tight fitting.
>
> Sorry to go on and on, but this topic is near and dear to my heart.  I
> have been working with the American Apparel Manufacturers Association to
> lobby the CPSC to keep the law in tact.  They have recently voted to
> relax the standard and allow for certain garments to be exempt from the
> standard.  Their position is so murky that retailers and manufacturers
> have many questions and doubts, so it is bound to be confusing for
> consumers.  "Parent's" magazine even misreported the new policy in their
> November issue.
>
> Thanx for listening.
>

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 16 Nov 1996 07:49:59 CST
From:    "Dennis Bednarek Mfg 4-6971 ~BHOSVWZ#097"
         <bednarek@TIDALWAVE.MED.GE.COM>
Subject: Re: unmentionable substances

The shocking truth is really not that shocking if one really understands
the uses of urine that are even there today.  Surprisingly to many you will
find that that in the Drug industry today urine of various animals is used
quite heavily.  One popular usage is in the creation of estrogen medications
which are often dirived from urine of pregnant mares.

Other intresting facts or tales on urine is several references on Gandi which
claimed that he drank it fresh on daily basis.

As someone priorly mentioned this is one of the most sterile of the body
solutions.  If an individual does not have a bladder infection where blood
can get into the urine that is.  Not only is it basicly sterile but it is
also acidic which adds to its actual usefullness.  A point to keep in mind is
thayt with the acidity of urine very few if any microorganism can survive for
any lenght of time.

Going back in history the knowledge of creation of acids was extremly limited.
The supply of urine from from both human and animal sources however was very
abundant.  Therefore as man realized the abilities of this acid to work on
differnet substance it became more widely used in tanning, as even etching.

Besides the acidic effects of urine there is also the amonia content which
has already been described for it bleaching abilities.

Home this helps people get a less unmentionable attitude on this wonderfull
natural gift from nature.

dennis

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 16 Nov 1996 10:32:41 -0500
From:    Sharon and/or Mikie <techies@IDIRECT.COM>
Subject: Re: 1860's underpinnings

>>Two questions.  First, am I correct in assuming that the full set
>>of underwear would include:
>>
>>drawers & chemise (under corset)
>

>>corset

>>corset-cover
>
This is in reply to the letter saying that they didn't believe that the
corset cover was necessary
It was my understanding that the corset cover protected the dress from the
boning in the corset - so it would be important to wear it as well.
Sharon
*****************************
*                           *
* DON'T MESS WITH TECHIES - *
*                           *
* THEY ALL CARRY KNIVES     *
*                           *
*****************************

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 16 Nov 1996 11:23:03 -0500
From:    barbara jeanette Mason <mason@UNO.CC.GENESEO.EDU>
Subject: Re: H-COSTUME Digest - 14 Nov 1996 to 15 Nov 1996

When I was doing lots of indigo dying years ago, I used my children's
urine. It seemed some how purer. And now they love to tell the stories
about my making them pee in a tub so I could dye. But actually urea now
comes in sanitized pellets.

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 16 Nov 1996 13:16:40 -0500
From:    Kathy Wells <kpwells@COBWEB.NET>
Subject: Use of Urine

-- [ From: Kathy Wells * EMC.Ver #2.5.02 ] --

I have been reading this list and all of the uses of urine in the past.
However no one has mentioned that it was used to scour the wool.  I tried
this with some raw wool.  It worked OK with common wool, however it was
noted that full blooded merino would require fuller's earth to absorb the
grease.  Now I was on a search for fuller's earth  I finally was able to
order some.  I don't think that I had enough as my merino never has gotten
as clean as I would like to spin.  Does anyone have any idea's that I might
try that would be historically correct for early 19th Century?  Meanwhile I
will be scouring wool at home and not in the field.

Kath<ryn@cobweb.net>

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 16 Nov 1996 13:32:47 EST
From:    LuAnn Mason <luannmason1@JUNO.COM>
Subject: Re: 1860's underpinnings

On Sat, 16 Nov 1996 10:32:41 -0500 Sharon and/or Mikie
<techies@IDIRECT.COM> writes:
>>>Two questions.  First, am I correct in assuming that the full set
>>>of underwear would include:
>>>
>>>drawers & chemise (under corset)
>>
>
>>>corset
>
>>>corset-cover
>>
>This is in reply to the letter saying that they didn't believe that
>the
>corset cover was necessary
>It was my understanding that the corset cover protected the dress from
>the
>boning in the corset - so it would be important to wear it as well.

I may not have stated this very well originally.  :(  (This is NOTHING
new!)  The original poster asked for a complete list of 1860's
underpinnings.  I guess it depends on how you define "complete".
"Complete" could well include a corset cover and 12 petticoats for *some*
women, but not *most* women.  While I'm sure the corset cover serves its
purpose well, the fact remains that corset covers were NOT commonly worn
in the time period.  My own "standard", if you will,, is that If it
wasn't commonly done in the time period, then, I'm not going to do it,
and I'm not going to recommend anyone else does, either.  :)

Hope this clears up my meaning....

Regards--

LuAnn

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 16 Nov 1996 13:11:17 -0700
From:    Jeff Gottfred <gottfred@AGT.NET>
Subject: Re: Clothing on fire (was: flame retardency)

All this discussion of flame retardency makes me nervous. Prevention is
good, but everyone should remember that if whatever you're wearing DOES
catch fire, DO NOT try to remove it (as someone mentioned in the case of an
apron earlier). Remember, if your clothing catches fire, you must STOP,
DROP, and ROLL. STOP in your tracks (don't run, it fans the flames), DROP to
the ground immediately, and ROLL on the ground to extinguish the flames.
This is what the fire department trains the children to do. Fire is too
dangerous to use half-measures.

After the fire is out, avoid pricking or bursting blisters, and do not
breathe or cough over the burned area. Quickly remove anything constricting
(shoes, rings, bracelets) from the burned part, because later it will swell
and make it difficult to remove them. Remove clothing that has been soaked
in hot fat or burning water immediately (with scissors, if possible). Do not
remove dry, burned clothing or any clothing that is stuck to the burn. DO
NOT dress the burn with anything fluffy such as cotton, and DO NOT apply
lotions or ointments to it. Nothing but cold water should be put on the burn.

Don't take my word for this. Do your own research; phone the local fire
department safety office & listen to what they have to say. Then
practice--it will increase your confidence & response time in a real emergency.

I'm not an expert; I just try to know what I need to in order to be more
safe. Sorry if I've been preaching, but I feel strongly about this.

--Spotty the Fire Dog
(Angela Gottfred)
gottfred@agt.net

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 16 Nov 1996 22:00:00 CST
From:    Mickie Erickson <Mickie@DECISIONSYS.COM>
Subject: Scandinavian Costume

The best book that I can recommend at present is "Norwegian Bunads" (also
avail as Norske Bunader)...Try your library or ILL.
Good Luck!

O, and thanks, y'all, for info on the Sealed Knot.

Tom @ Mickie's

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 15 Nov 1996 to 16 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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There are 7 messages totalling 245 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. unmentionable substances
  2. Flame retardent fabrics
  3. Rossetti book
  4. Italian Tailor's Book
  5. "To extinguish fire in Female Dresses"
  6. corset covers and a book
  7. corset covers

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 17 Nov 1996 09:34:53 -0400
From:    Margaret Rae Carignan <mcarigna@IS2.DAL.CA>
Subject: Re: unmentionable substances

Right On, Dennis!

We have to remember that this is the first time in history that humans
(particularly North American and some European) have this antiseptic
attitude towards bodily functions and substances. Certainly, we are
healthier (supposedly) than our forbears, but we also lose out on many
rich experiences. I'm not saying that I would like to live with open
sewers or infrequent bathing any more than the next girl, but when
something is free and multi-purpose, don't turn your nose up at it! Well,
okay, turn your nose up at it, but don't write it off! The more our
society grows in awareness of the hazards of wasteful thinking, the more
uses we will come up with for previously "useless" things. Personally, I'm
wondering what we can use fingernail clippings for. Imagine if we all kept
them and sent them to the recycling plant!?

Oh, well, so that's a little strange now, but what about 25, 50, or 100
years from now? I used to think that garbage was dirty! I've learned,
though, that the organic matter is what made garbage yukky, and now I put
it in a bin, stir it around, mix some other good stuff with it (flyers are
good), and out comes beautiful, warm, woody compost!

I foresee a day when our sensibilities are less offended by nature!

Meg/Francesca

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 17 Nov 1996 13:26:39 -0500
From:    Elizabeth McMahon <mcbeth@PANIX.COM>
Subject: Re: Flame retardent fabrics

On Sat, 16 Nov 1996, Conrad Hodson wrote:

> Margaret Weller here--
>   I feel that I owe an apology here. While I did say that children's
> synthetic sleepers do not burn, I did not emphasize that it takes a
> relative lot of provocation to make them` melt, and that they melt into a
> sort of glaze that will cool much faster. And, the glaze is a very narrow
> band at the edge of the fabric.  I don't know if it evaporates or what,
> but it is different enough that I suppose it might not even stick.  In my
> burn testing experience,
> children's sleepers are the ONLY synthetics that are safe around flame.
>  So, my apologies to Leigh Ann Schwarzkopf and her company, who really
> *are* making fire retardant synthetic clothing. And many thanks for
> clarifying that it is not a finish but intrinsic in the fabric. Now, if

My understanding of the nature of this sort of flame retardance is that it
consists of substances added into the polyester or nylon solutions before
they are extruded into fibers.  So, yes, it would be intrinsic to certain
doubtless patented chemical formulae, but no, it is not intrinsic to the
basic family of fibers that nylon and polyester belong to, which are
composed of organic compounds derived from petroleum by products.  So the
ONLY polyesters and nylons that are fire retardant are those that
specifically state this on the label or bolt.

I had heard stories about electrical workers being badly burned when
wearing polyester blend clothing, but a companion, wearing natural fibers
survived much better.  This was because the cloth burned and fell away
from the skin.  The polyester in the blended stuff melted onto the skin,
causing serious harm.  If you work near fire, I wouldn't recommend wearing
anything but natural fibers.  Hard to find children's flame retardant
stuff that isn't in prints utterly inappropriate for serious reenactors
:*)

Also, one of the many wonderful characteristics of wool is that it is
somewhat self extinguishing.  It also completes a chemical reaction when
wet that makes it give off heat.  When my cousin did an "Outward Bound"
trip in the mountains, they insisted he have wool socks, not cotton, and
not synthetic.  Cuts down on the frostbite problems dramatically,
evidently.

I got this out of textile chemistry books and textile science classes.
Marjory Joseph's _Introductory Textile Science_ is a good basic one, for
those who are curious.

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 17 Nov 1996 10:26:57 -0800
From:    Gwyn Carnegie <gcarnegi@MAIL2.QUIKNET.COM>
Subject: Rossetti book

Got my binder back, (Thanks Rose)

Rosetti, Giovanventura, fl. 1530-1548.
The Plictho; instructions in the art of the dyers which teaches the dyeing
of woolen cloths, linens, cottons, and silk by the great art as well as by
the common.  Translation of the 1st ed. of 1548, by Sidney M. Edelstein and
Hector C. Borghetty.  Cambridge, M.I.T. Press [1969].

Sorry, but the title page (with the ISBN#) is missing. I can go do a Melvyl
search anyone really needs it.  Last I checked, this book was out of print
but you may track it down through a used book merchant.

There are problems, with using the translated recipes as I stated before.
If you are serious about doing some of the Rossetti recipes, please contact
me off line.

Another great find:
DISSERTATION    Regazzi, Marilyn Elizabeth.
Burial-induced color change of dyed and mordanted cotton and wool fabrics.
[Davis, Calif.] 1986.

A disseration service should be able to get this for you.(DUI is what I use)
If you live in Ca, you can go to a UC library and have it printed off
microfiche for .15 a page.

UC Davis has a great collection of other later period dye books 1650 to
1800, please contact me off line and I 'll give you a list of items that are
available through the UC system.

Gwyn Carnegie

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 17 Nov 1996 17:19:50 -0800
From:    Diana Habra <dch@INREACH.COM>
Subject: Italian Tailor's Book

Hello everyone!

It's me, Rose.  While perusing my copy of Janet Arnold's Patterns of Fashion, I came
across a reference to a book of designs by a Milanese tailor, circa 1580's.  It is
supposed to be in the bibliotheca Querini-Stampalia in Venice.

Has anyone heard of this?  Has anyone ever seen it?  Does anyone have a copy....or any
other info about it?  PLEASE let me know if the answers to any of the above questions is
YES!!!

Also, does anyone have a complete list of Janet Arnold's works? Could you please post it
to me or the list?  THANK YOU!!

Rose :~>

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 17 Nov 1996 15:18:34 -0500
From:    vandy simpson/darrell markewitz <vsimpson@HEADWATERS.COM>
Subject: "To extinguish fire in Female Dresses"

(this is the *Historic* costume list after all!)
So, from The Cook and Housewife's Manual by Mistress Meg Dods (10th edition
1856)

..."So many fatal accidents arise from light dresses catching fire, that
every          MANUAL intended for women should contain the following
necessary cautions: -

1.Let it be early and diligently impressed upon the mind of every girl,
that flame uniformly tends upwards; that every article of her dress will
consume much more rapidly if held upright, than if laid along the floor;
and that her life may depend on her presence of mind, should her clothes
unhappily catch fire.

2. Give instant alarm by pulling the bell, (which is generally near the
fireplace,) by screaming or any other means; but if possible, avoid opening
the door; for both the movement of the figure, and the current of air
admitted, will increase the rapidity of the flames.

3. The alarm may be given while the female is at the same instant sitting
down by the rug, attempting to tear off the articles of dress which are on
fire, and rolling herself on a sofa or in the rug or carpet to smother the
flame. If the latter is nailed down, she may easily when on the floor, tear
it up. She may also catch at any piece of baize, or any vessel of water
within reach; and if very active, may even turn her clothes over her head
and thus arrest the progress of the flames.

4. The most ready and effectual assistance a spectator in general can give,
will be to turn the clothes of the sufferer over her head, and hold them
firm thus, till wrappers, cold water, &c., are procured.

5. A man may quickly strip off his coat and wrap it around the female.

6. Let the sufferer, even if she fail to pull away the burning articles, or
to extinguish the fire by rolling on the floor, and wrapping herself on the
hearthrug, (which is generally always ready) still protect her bosom and
face, by lowering her face and crossing her hands and arms over her face
and breast."

Not sure of the efficacy, and don't want to test it, but it's a lovely item
for a household manual!

(and thanks to everyone for all their comments on fire-retardants.I passed
them along, and my friend managed to deal with the problem.We did come
across one method I'd like more details on, if anyone knows them, a
solution of borax and boric acid. What proportions? has anyone tried this?)

Vandy Simpson, Wareham, Ontario

******************************************************************************

vsimpson@headwaters.com    =   Vandy Simpson,
                           or  Darrell Markewitz

postings for the Wareham Forge can be sent to:  wareham.forge@headwaters.com

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 17 Nov 1996 18:37:30 -0500
From:    Tess Parrish <Tess1929@AOL.COM>
Subject: corset covers and a book

Interesting discussion about underwear:  I remember my grandmother telling me
what women wore when she was little--she was born in 1869--and wondering what
a corset cover was.  It was definitely on the list.  Another garment no one
seems to have mentioned was split drawers, the obvious thing to wear when you
had a long corset on.  I have a couple of pairs that were in the attic.
On another note, I just ran across a beautiful book at Borders which might be
of interest: "Daily Life in Holland in the Year 1566", by Rien Poortvliet.
 The illustrations are beautiful and in great detail.  Expensive, but
definitely worth a look especially re costume of that date. Tess

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 17 Nov 1996 21:11:16 -0800
From:    Glenna Jo & Bill Christen <gwjchris@RUST.NET>
Subject: Re: corset covers

Tess Parrish wrote:
>
>I remember my grandmother telling me what women wore when she was little--she >was born in 1869--and wondering what a corset cover was.  It was definitely on >the list.

The first example of a corset cover I've noted so far in my collection
of 1858-1865 ladies' magazines (Peterson's & Godey's) was in 1865.  By
the time your grandmother was old enough to know or care about such
garments, they were probably far more common than they were in the
1861-65 era.  Alexa, LuAnn & I are in obvious agreement on that topic
too. :-)

>Another garment no one seems to have mentioned was split drawers, the obvious >thing to wear when you had a long corset on.

I guess we all assumed the drawers listed were split crotch... A
dangerous thing to do (to assume makes an 'ass' of 'u' and 'me')  I
can't imagine wearing a corset and not wearing split crotch drawers
myself.

Glenna Jo Christen (Back at home and posting from my own computer again.
:-))
gwjchris@rust.net

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 16 Nov 1996 to 17 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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There are 15 messages totalling 447 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. unmentionable substances (3)
  2. How I got into costuming
  3. <No subject given>
  4. Dyeing leather
  5. Barbie Garb (7)
  6. Flame retardent fabrics
  7. Various

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 18 Nov 1996 09:58:57 +0000
From:    Dorothy Stein <dstein@SAS.AC.UK>
Subject: Re: unmentionable substances

On Sat, 16 Nov 1996, Dennis Bednarek Mfg 4-6971 ~BHOSVWZ#097 wrote:

> Besides the acidic effects of urine there is also the amonia content which
> has already been described for it bleaching abilities.
Now I'm really confused. Ammonia dissolved in water is a base. Can a
thing be both acidic and basic at once? Don't they react to form a salt
and water?

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 17 Nov 1996 13:31:58 +0000
From:    Simon Fairbourn <Costume@VAURIEN.DEMON.CO.UK>
Subject: Re: How I got into costuming

In article , aleed <aleed@DNACO.NET> writes
>It's interesting to hear people's stories.  I didn't realize the SCA
>played such a large role in getting people into costuming.
>
Not just the SCA. I have seen a good number from Far Isles members too.
>
>when it comes right down to it, the real reason I got into costuming is
>a complete, utter, hopeless and unrequited love of fabric.
>
I can relate to that too, but combine it with the science of cutting and
the way clothes interact with the person inside and I'm hooked.

This has to be a cue for my version of the story.

When I was a young lad, my mother used to make most of her own clothes.
She had (and indeed still primarily uses) an old hand turned machine.
>From the age of 3 I would help her by turning the handle very carefully
when she needed both her hands available. This was about all the useful
experience I got as a kid, though I did know how to work a machine. The
all-boys schools in London's East End did not unsurprisingly have a
needlework component in the curriculum.

There was nothing in what I saw around to inspire me. I still hate 60s
and 70s clothing for its ugliness (sorry Teddy). But, then came the 80s.
Girls started looking really nice again. Laura Ashley was Queen of the
High Street and there were calls back to styles of the last century.
This was particularly true in concert wear. (I should mention that I'm a
bit of a musician too.) By this time I was definitely hooked on clothing
but not actively making it.

Lean times came. My partner at the time and I were both trying to get
through university on a grant. She changed size quite dramatically and
found none of her clothes fitted. To economise, she decided to try to
make something for herself. She failed. I was surprised. (It had seemed
so simple when Mum did it.) She told me to try if it was so simple then!
I did. She came back with a harder pattern. Did that. Another even
harder pattern. Did that. And so on until I had actually made myself a
three piece suit.

Once that battle was won I decided to try some of the costumes I had
liked the look of in James Laver's history of costume. I discovered that
this was dressmaking on a different scale. The cut and fit were worlds
apart from what I had known. I decided I had to break the project down,
so I started with the corset. Everything else seemed to relate to it. No
matter what I did, I couldn't get it to look right. I read widely trying
to see where I had gone wrong. I experimented with varieties of cut and
boning. I learned a lot but ultimately failed. I never did finish the
project. In retrospect it was no surprise. My wife was a big girl all
over, yet I have a considerably bigger bust. There is only so much you
can do...

Life took a different path for a while. My enthusiasm was sparked off
again by joining the Far Isles mediaeval society. I gradually got back
into costuming thanks to the encouragement of the likes of Teddy. I am
also applying some of my experience of C19 corsets to C16 bodies. The
latest version (Mark 4) is proving popular with some of the ladies. The
problem now is finding time in which to fit everything.

At the end of the day, it's all been good fun, and that's what matters.
--
Simon Fairbourn (Vaurien (Chiefy))
--
Oooh that's pretty... Can it try it on?.. It looks tight...
OK, I agree not to back out of this... What's it boned with?.. Wood!?..
OK, I promised... Hey, this is really comfortable... Look down?..
Wow!.. Make ME one, Chiefy, pleeeeease.

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 18 Nov 1996 03:57:39 -0800
From:    Conrad Hodson <conradh@EFN.ORG>
Subject: Re: unmentionable substances

On Mon, 18 Nov 1996, Dorothy Stein wrote:

> On Sat, 16 Nov 1996, Dennis Bednarek Mfg 4-6971 ~BHOSVWZ#097 wrote:
>
> > Besides the acidic effects of urine there is also the amonia content which
> > has already been described for it bleaching abilities.
> Now I'm really confused. Ammonia dissolved in water is a base. Can a
> thing be both acidic and basic at once? Don't they react to form a salt
> and water?
>
Yes indeed--if they were both present at the same time.  Urine as produced
by people is nearly neutral, tending toward weak acidity.  A small amount
of uric acid is usually present.  But this changes as the urine is exposed
to air and bacterial action over time.  Urea (the main form of nitrogenous
waste in mammals) breaks down, yielding ammonia.  When this happens, any
remaining acids would be quickly neutralized, and the urine would become
basic.  Also pungent; ammonia is a considerable part of the smell of stale
urine.

Folk industries often have traditional aspects of their recipes that allow
for important chemical reactions to take place--such as specifying fresh
or aged urine.  Of course, they can also alter the acidity directly, if
their procedure includes vinegar, wood ashes, lime, etc.

Conrad Hodson

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 18 Nov 1996 09:28:00 CST
From:    "Lassman, Linda" <LASSMAN@BLDGDAFOE.LAN1.UMANITOBA.CA>
Subject: Re: unmentionable substances

Meg/Francesca writes:
> Personally, I'm wondering what we can use fingernail clippings for.
Imagine if we all >kept them and sent them to the recycling plant!?

How about boiling them for glue or gelatin, as I understand they do with cow
hooves?  If it works, it could open up a whole new market aimed at vegans!
 (I actually had a friend who for at least 10 years saved all his toe and
fingernail clippings and planned to do just that, but I think he finally
just threw them away--I think he mostly talked about it just to gross people
out!  And it worked!)

 - Linda Lassman
  Winnipeg, Manitoba

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 18 Nov 1996 15:12:00 GMT
From:    "Chandler, Sally A." <S.A.Chandler@SHU.AC.UK>
Subject: <No subject given>

Thank you all for your interesting comments on the use of urine for dyeing
and bleaching.  Now we've got onto the chemical properties, can we get back
to historic clothing, please.

(I accept that I'm as guilty as anyone!)

If we've run out of topics for discussion here are two to keep us going, to
which I'd like answers:

1) Has anyone got evidence of the use or importation of cotton in England
prior to 1500?  (I already have the references to its import through Bristol
and the use of cotton for candle wicks).

2) Can anyone refer me to pictures, woodcuts, references etc. of ladies in
their underwear in the years 1560 to 1640 in England, especially in their
stays?

Sally Ann
The Historical Clothing Company
s.a.chandler@shu.ac.uk

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 18 Nov 1996 09:18:44 -0600
From:    Wendy Robertson & Tim Weitzel <wcrobert@BLUE.WEEG.UIOWA.EDU>
Subject: Dyeing leather

In addition to the Plichto (which is considerably later than the 8th
century), you might want to look at the Codex lucensis 490 and at Mappae
clavicula, two very related texts which date back to about the 8th
century.  I believe that the Codex lucensis is northern Italian of about
9th century date, and the Mappae clavicula is northern European from 12th
century or so (I'm sorry I'm being so vague -- the texts are not with me
at the moment).  I have not tried any of the dye recipes, but I believe
they both discuss dyeing leather.  (Codex lucensis also talks about
cloth; Mappae clavicula doesn't have much on cloth but it has a lot of
other interesting things, such as 2 soap recipes)

An English translation of Codex lucensis can be found in:  A classical
technology by John M Burnam.  Boston, RG Badger, 1920.

An English translation of Mappae clavicula can be found in: Transactions
of the American Philosophical Society, n.s. v.64, pt.4 (1974)

> Date:    Fri, 15 Nov 1996 07:56:51 -0700
> From:    "Morgan E. Smith" <mesmith@FREENET.CALGARY.AB.CA>
> Subject: Re: Dyes
>
> I'll second that request. I'm trying to make a pair of shoes for a costume
> (Irishwoman's, c.8th cent.) and would like the leather to match the
> overall colour scheme. Any info would be appreciated
> Morgan

I hope this helps.  If you do try any of the recipes, please let us know
how they work.

Wendy Robertson
wcrobert@blue.weeg.uiowa.edu

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 18 Nov 1996 12:19:14 +0000
From:    Beth + Dallas Bardot <bardot@CRIS.COM>
Subject: Barbie Garb

Yes, really!  My 7 year old wants garb for her Barbie, so she can
take her to events.  My problem is how to lace up the tunics - even
the smallest eyelets seem AWFULLY big for a Barbie - I thought about
making a placket, closing it with velcro and doing a cross-stitch row
down the back, so it would LOOK laced - or, about putting on drops of
Fray-chek, and then using a large needle to poke holes in, and then
lacing her up by using a needle.

Well, any ideas?

Thanks!

Eowen Annesdohtor
mka
Beth Bardot
bardot@cris.com

"Nobody told me that living happily ever after would be such hard work ..."
S. White

O-

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 18 Nov 1996 11:06:15 -0500
From:    Dale Loberger <dloberger@ESRI.COM>
Subject: Re: Flame retardent fabrics

According to Chief Allan Blackwelder of the Charlotte, NC Fire
Department, at a talk he gave about Fire Safety at Historic Sites, wool
and linen clothing is much better than cotton when working around the
fireplace or other open fires.  Also he recommended a solution of a half
a cup of Boric Acid powder dissolved in about two gallons of water.
Your clothes should be periodically rinsed in this solution to greatly
improve their flame retardancy.

Susannah Eanes, Mantua Maker and Fine Tailoring
(Susan Bridges Loberger for Susannah's Heirloom, Ltd.)

"We are only the trustees for those that come after us."  -William
Morris

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 18 Nov 1996 09:45:47 -0800
From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Various

Conrad Hodson wrote:
>
> > I was told by a Chinese woman that it was traditional in her village for
> > women to wash their faces with baby urine to improve their complexions!
>
> And in the Yemen, women traditionally use camels' urine for a hair rinse,
> to control lice.  If the breeze is right, my informant said, you can smell
> the woman almost as far as you can see her....
>
> Conrad Hodson
>
> who thinks that an awful lot of "tradition" consists of Really Bad
> Ideas...

I did not experience any such thing when I was there.   It may be that
some of the more remote tribal people would do that - but I travelled a
great deal of the country and found the people to be very clean.  It was
certainly easier on the nose in Yemen than in India.

~!~ R.L. Shep

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 18 Nov 1996 09:57:13 -0800
From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Barbie Garb

Beth + Dallas Bardot wrote:
>
> Yes, really!  My 7 year old wants garb for her Barbie, so she can
> take her to events.  My problem is how to lace up the tunics - even
> the smallest eyelets seem AWFULLY big for a Barbie - I thought about
> making a placket, closing it with velcro and doing a cross-stitch row
> down the back, so it would LOOK laced - or, about putting on drops of
> Fray-chek, and then using a large needle to poke holes in, and then
> lacing her up by using a needle.
>
> Well, any ideas?
>
> Thanks!
>
> Eowen Annesdohtor
> mka
> Beth Bardot
> bardot@cris.com
>
> "Nobody told me that living happily ever after would be such hard work ..."
> S. White
>
> O-

When I was in Yemen I saw a Barbie doll that was covered from head to
toe in a black veil.  I was fascinated!  I know it was a Barbie (blond
no less) because the child was playing with it and the veil kept falling
off (revealing a naked Barbie).
That doesn't help you, but it is interesting to see how other cultures
have adopted Barbie.

~!~ R.L. Shep

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 18 Nov 1996 12:08:59 -0600
From:    Nancee Beattie <nbeattie@MAIL.INLINK.COM>
Subject: Re: Barbie Garb

I think you're going to have to fake the lacing, but I wouldn't use velcro.
When I was a girl (hey it wasn't _that_ long ago), Barbie clothes were
fastened with little snaps.  You can still buy sew-on snaps exactly like the
ones on Barbie's clothes.

Are you going to make armor for her, too?  How about Ken?

Nancee

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 18 Nov 1996 15:17:40 -0500
From:    Astrida E B Schaeffer <aes@CHRISTA.UNH.EDU>
Subject: Re: Barbie Garb

You could also sew on the eyes from hooks and eyes to use as "holes" for
the lacing. I fyou use end-singed narrow ribbon for the laces, your
daughter should be able to lace up the dress without needing a needle.

Just a thought.

Astrida

*****************************************************************************
Astrida Schaeffer               "All life on Earth is a fairy tale in which
                                outlandish creatures pursue impossible lives"
                                                - Rutherford Platt

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 18 Nov 1996 16:24:33 +0000
From:    Beth + Dallas Bardot <bardot@CRIS.COM>
Subject: Re: Barbie Garb

> I think you're going to have to fake the lacing, but I wouldn't use velcro.
> When I was a girl (hey it wasn't _that_ long ago), Barbie clothes were
> fastened with little snaps.  You can still buy sew-on snaps exactly like the
> ones on Barbie's clothes.
>
> Are you going to make armor for her, too?  How about Ken?
>
> Nancee
>
>

Ken will undoubtedly get armor (probably made out of leather scraps),
but I think Daddy will do GI Joe's, for our almost-5 boy, first.

Little snaps is a much better idea - I think the closure will be
neater that way, as velcro tends to gap.

Thanks!

Eowen
mka
Beth Bardot
bardot@cris.com

"Nobody told me that living happily ever after would be such hard work ..."
S. White

O-

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 18 Nov 1996 15:26:30 -0800
From:    "Carol E. Newby" <ladybug@FALKOR.NEVERENDING.WEBNEXUS.COM>
Subject: Re: Barbie Garb

I would second the vote for the round eyes solution. (I have made Barbie
clothes using the snaps and they can be hard for little hands to snap.)

Has anyone seen the CD-ROM for girls that allows them to design Barbie
clothes and then the patterns can be printed out?

This thread reminds me that my daughter will be bringing to Estrella for
part of her home work. (We have to take pictures of the doll during our
"vacation" and I flippantly said "So I suppose I'll have to make garb for
it - and my kids answered with a resounding "Yes!".)

Carol
~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~
Carol E. Newby          ladybug@falkor.neverending.webnexus.com
                http://falkor.neverending.webnexus.com/~ladybug

            "Unless you try to do something beyond
     what you have already mastered, you will never grow."

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 18 Oct 1996 21:33:03 -0700
From:    Margo Anderson <wander@HOOKED.NET>
Subject: Re: Barbie Garb

>This thread reminds me that my daughter will be bringing to Estrella for
>part of her home work. (We have to take pictures of the doll during our
>"vacation" and I flippantly said "So I suppose I'll have to make garb for
>it - and my kids answered with a resounding "Yes!".)
>
I would take this as a signal that it's time to teach her how to make her
doll some clothes.  A basic T-tunic can be cut out, and on a client as
physically  inactive as Barbie, doesn't even need to be seamed up the sides
-- just slip it over her head and tie on a belt.

Just don't do what my mom did --when I was 4, she showed me how to make a
high fashion (1961) sheath dress out of a child's sock.  She neglected to
stress to me that only socks without partners should be used, and several
days later, Barbie had one heck of a wardrobe -- and I was out of socks.

And then there was my late friend Mark Jones, Art Deco couterier
extrodinare.  For his fifth birthday, he got a woodburning set and a GI Joe.
He promptly used the woodburning tool to melt and remodel Joe's face, pulled
some ostrich plumes fromn his mom's feather duster, and turned Joe into --
Ginger Rogers!  At that point, his parents quietly gave up hope of Mark's
butch future, and his mother started teaching him how to sew.

So how many of us got our REAL start in costume working for Barbie and her
friends?  And has anyone tried performing drastic body modifications in
order to corset her?

Margo Anderson
One Tough Costumer

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 17 Nov 1996 to 18 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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There are 19 messages totalling 703 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. Need quick Dickens' dress....
  2. Flame retardant fabrics
  3. Barbie Garb (2)
  4. Mail glitch
  5. Cotton et al (2)
  6. Dido & Aeneas
  7. New Costume Designs
  8. Dolls (5)
  9. Re[2]: Dolls
 10. Musty smells
 11. washing clothes in Middle Ages
 12. knitting history
 13. When is Dickens?

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 00:26:52 -0500
From:    SyRilla@AOL.COM
Subject: Need quick Dickens' dress....

Please help me.  I have been asked to make a "dicken's" dress for a street
faire, in two weeks.  Can anyone suggest a book with a pattern, or loan me a
pattern.  (I promise to take extreamly good care of it.)  I have very little
money to do this with.  It doesn't need to exactly accurate, just a-look-a
like will do.  I also need suggestions on bonnets of the period.
BTW I am accomplished at machine sewing, so can do most anything, but just
don't have the time to make a pattern from scratch.  Please e-mail me off the
list.
Thank you from the bottom of my heart,

Kimberly

SyRilla@aol.com

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 07:44:11 -0500
From:    Dale Loberger <dloberger@ESRI.COM>
Subject: Flame retardant fabrics

Really appreciated Margaret Weller s detailed posting on burn testing
various fibers  it duplicated my own findings exactly from over a period
of several years in order to determine the best fabrics for various
uses, including children s sleepwear!  Imagine my shock and amazement
when I found out how easily the fabrics sold as "safe" for children s
sleepwear were to melt!  At much lower temperatures than it took to
catch fire to any cotton I have ever tested!  Anybody ever try to IRON
these fabrics, just for fun?  Ha-ha!!

Dear Leigh Ann:

It is fortuitous that I read your posting on this subject.  It was about
a topic that has long bothered me:  polyester fabrics used in children s
sleepwear.  From your wording I gathered that you do not work for the US
CPSC, but rather, own a company that produces children s sleepwear?
True?  I realized with surprise your arguments to be highly in favor of
the current standard.  I do not want to get into an argument, but I have
to present my side of the story, and if you care to comment I will
certainly be interested in what you have to say in turn.  Here goes  I
have hated these fabrics since I was a teenager when they first
appeared.  Who wears this stuff, really?  My children have subsequently
hated and REFUSED to wear them, too.  I spent much time, money, and
effort when my oldest daughter (now age 11) was little, making "cute"
little nightgowns out of approved fabrics for children s sleepwear only
to have her complain (as I had when a child) that they were hot in the
summer, cold in the winter, and totally gross to wear because they stick
to everything and collect lint.  After three or four bouts thru the
dryer (on medium low heat) they get a permanent case of static
electricity which adds to their grossness.   Even with fabric softener
they still feel as insubstantial as tissue paper, and cling like
spiderweb.  The trade-off for "flame resistance" is weak:  None of the
fabrics you mentioned as being approved for use in children s sleepwear
is a healthy fabric to wear, in my humble opinion, because none of them
BREATHE and so the body s natural ability to keep itself warm and cool
itself is totally impaired.  This leads to increased susceptibility to
colds and other illnesses, not to mention the sweaty discomfort or
chills the poor children suffer!  AS to their supposed superiority over
natural fibers such as wool and cotton knit, did you see my posting on
Chief Blackwelder s talk on Fire Safety at Historic Sites?   As a
firefighter, he has had the misfortune to be a witness to many, many
injuries.  After his speech, there was a buffet meal, and I had the
opportunity to ask him personally how he felt about these standards for
children s sleepwear & I told him of my own tests with these fabrics.  I
asked him ---had he seen a real difference in their ability to protect
children?  He grinned and shook his head.  "Young lady, is this a trick
question?" he asked me, with a queer look on his face.  "There is
nothing nastier than a mass of melted polyester nightgown all over a
child s chest.  All I can say is the only  reason  for the government
regulations on industry s using polyester and nylon over cotton is that
it s cheap.  And more polyester than cotton is produced in this country.
 It s all economics, and the real winners are the industry.   If there
is a bad burn in any case, the child will suffer.  But it is a real
tragedy to see them with their sleepwear permanently molded to their
body."   I was aghast, to say the least.  I felt at that point that my
aversion to the stuff was totally justified, and since then haven t felt
a shred of guilt for not making my children wear it.  Quite the
contrary.

"THESE FABRICATIONS HAVE NO FR FINISHES ON THEM - THE FABRICS ARE
INHERENTLY FLAME RESISTENT."
  To say that these fabrics, untreated, are "naturally" non-flammable is
laughable.  Of course they re non-flammable.  They don t have the chance
to burn:  They Melt.  At much lower temperatures than even cotton
catches fire.  I will go on to say that next to these gross
chemically-produced fabrics, good old-fashioned cotton flannelette is a
wick that fairly explodes into flame.  It has too much dust, is too
highly napped to be a safe fabric.  I also say that anybody who lets a
child run around in a cotton chimney (those long, ruffled nightgowns) is
asking for trouble.  But as for my children, their skin-fitted, cotton
knit "long johns" are the sleepwear of choice:  warm in winter
(sometimes they wear two sets at a time for double the warmth  imagine
doing that with two sets of that Saran-Wrap polyester stuff  sweat city
and cold toes to boot!)  and in summer, they wear either cotton tees,
"short johns," or little lightweight cotton batiste nightgowns  not
loose and flowing but short and sleeveless.  I say it is as much the
*style* and *fit* as the *content* of the fabric that makes a common
sense garment for children s sleepwear.

"Before the law regarding flammability standards for children's
sleepwear were passed, around 55 children a year died in burn related
accidents while wearing pre-standard sleepwear.  Since the enactment of
the law, that number has been reduced to fewer than 5/year."

How do you tell whether an injury or death is sleepwear-related or from
some other reason?  I have seen other claims that the polyester lobby
won support for this regulation in the 70 s in a year that only 11
children died of sleepwear-related injuries  and some of those were, in
my opinion, more common sense related than anything else.  One was a
girl who was flipping pancakes at a gas stove with a long, loose,
flapping nightgown sleeve waving around.  The following year only 7 were
claimed to have died.  A difference of 4  such a victory for the
Polyester Lobby!   Where did you get the 55 number?

"Another interesting fact is that you can use FR thread, FR fabric, FR
beading, FR ribbon and when you sew them all together, the article will
not pass the FR test."

Again, we re talking common sense here.  Lots of little ruffles,
gathers, and fullness may be cute, but the more detail you put on a
garment, the more total surface area you have, the more dust you create,
and the end result is a more highly-napped, more chimney-like object,
little wicks reaching out to the flame, so to speak.

"Most of the long underwear-type cotton sleepwear you find in  the
stores  is either illegally being sold as sleepwear, or it is treated
with the chemicals we have been discussing.  The chemically treated
fabrics are not even available in this country.  Just last week three
mills told me they wouldn't touch the stuff for health and liability
reasons."

I assume you are claiming a competitor, namely Sara s Prints, is
breaking the law.  Either that, or when I think I am buying it from a
California company I am really buying it from overseas?   Interesting.
Sara s is not the only 100% cotton sleepwear provider I know of, it s
just the first name that came to mind.  It is "flame-treated long-staple
Egyptian cotton".  As for long johns being sold as sleepwear, when I buy
it from Hanna Andersson and others, it is always sold as "loungewear" or
long underwear.  It is not illegal if Moms Like Me CHOOSE to put our
children in it and put them to bed.  Just like it is not illegal if we
CHOSE to put them in blue jeans, Nehru jackets, or pink party dresses
before putting them to bed.  We just think the cotton long johns are a
bit more practical than the Nehru jackets.  The company we buy them from
has absolutely no control over what we do with their product, and your
statement that they are "illegally" selling long johns as sleepwear just
has absolutely no basis in fact!!!

Even more interesting are the three mills you mention being concerned
about health and liability over treated  cotton sleepwear fabric.  Does
anybody else out there realize that almost all of the cotton sheets (and
many other cotton items) we buy in this country are treated with
Formaldehyde, supposedly to make them softer and wrinkle-resistant?  Is
anybody else concerned about this particular chemical?  No, of course
not.  Nobody knows about it, apparently.  And as long as nobody knows,
the industry isn t worried about the health effects, or any liability.
The only reason they bark about the "health effects" of  flame-treated
cotton, I maintain, is because it is a direct threat to the
predominantly chemical-based textile industries in this country which
have held a monopoly on the sleepwear market for almost two decades.
And since I am speaking in the textile industry-rich South, I realize
fully the economic implications of such a threat.  I am a Traitor in the
extreme, I know.

How do any of you out there feel about putting your kids to bed in a
plastic bag surrounded by formaldehyde-treated sheets and polyester
blankets?   A prime source of indoor air pollution is your
toluene-scented mattress.  Ever heard of "outgassing", the emission of
toxic gases given off as synthetic materials, like carpets and plastics,
age and chemically break down?   You know, as I once wrote to a magazine
on this very topic, people slept for centuries in (flammable) wooden
houses, reached out and extinguished an (incendiary) candle or oil lamp,
wearing (combustible) cotton, linen, and/or woolen garments, on (highly
flammable) feather ticks, mattresses stuffed with straw, corn husks, or
other equally flammable material, wrapped up in (ignitable) cotton
quilts or woven woolen coverlets   I guess we re just lucky all this
modern technology came along and saved us or we d never have survived
another 20,000 years .

I m sorry I got so carried away; it s just that I have ranted on this
topic for years now and I guess it s just not going to go away.  I just
hope and pray that none of us have to ever find out firsthand who s
right.

Susannah Eanes, Mantua Maker and Fine Tailoring
(Susan Bridges Loberger for Susannah's Heirloom, Ltd.)

"We are only the trustees for those that come after us."  -William
Morris

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 07:19:51 -0600
From:    Elizabeth Coffey <cseac@UXA.ECN.BGU.EDU>
Subject: Re: Barbie Garb

On Fri, 18 Oct 1996, Margo Anderson wrote:

>
> So how many of us got our REAL start in costume working for Barbie and her
> friends?  And has anyone tried performing drastic body modifications in
> order to corset her?
>
>
OK, I'll finally confess, my Barbie (circa 1960's) has a fairly decent
18th and 19th century wardrobe.  I'll even confess that a few months ago
while moving stuff in the attic, I took a few moments to change her from
18th century to 19th century clothes.  I even gave a brief thought of
making her some new things.  (How about a white linen embroydered empire
gown?)

Libby Coffey

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 08:04:43 -0600
From:    ches <ches@IO.COM>
Subject: Mail glitch

My apologies for a public posting:(

Today is the first day that I have been able to receive e-mail since
Monday Nov 11 in the am. I understand that there were a few of you trying
to send me mail. Well, it is permanently gone. Send them again,
please.....

ches

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 15:37:00 BST
From:    Mrs C S Yeldham <csy20688@GGR.CO.UK>
Subject: Cotton et al

Dear Sally Ann


>1) Has anyone got evidence of the use or importation of cotton in England
>prior to 1500?  (I already have the references to its import through
>Bristol and the use of cotton for candle wicks).

Oh No, not this again!  For newcomers to the list there was a long and
vigourous discussion about this about a year ago (?), which I am sure is
still in the archives.  Anyway, as I recall, the vexed question of
terminology reared its ugly head.  The term 'cotton' can refer to 1) the
textile(s) we are all familiar with; 2) the fibre; 3) raw cotton (in balls)
and 4) a woolen textile which had been given a fluffy 'cotton' surface
finish. (which raises the interesting question I don't think was discussed,
about whether this textile gave the name to cotton or vice versa).  It can
be very difficult to ascertain which is being discussed in written sources,
and to what purpose it was then put.  It was argued strongly that to assume
the term 'cotton' necessarily referred to the type of fabric(s) we know, was
not necessarily correct.

To add to the confusion, I have read (but cannot remember where) that it was
very difficult to spin cotton fibre to make a strong cloth at this time, but
it was used for mixed fibre clothes.  Another use was for the stuffing of
jacks, but whether as cloth or ball I don't know (jacks were padded jackets
worn under armour or as partial replacement for armour).


>2) Can anyone refer me to pictures, woodcuts, references etc. of ladies in
>their underwear in the years 1560 to 1640 in England, especially in their
>stays?

I'll have a look - I'm sure you've checked Janet Arnold's Patterns of
Fashion.  What I have got are a couple of books on the Elizabethan
Underworld which have some 'rude' pictures in them, but from memory I don't
hold out much hope.

They do have pictures of 'working women' perfectly dressed and coifed, but
with their breasts exposed (well, more sort of offered on the platter of the
ruff).  I am wondering about the story everyone tells that prostitutes had
their hair uncovered, all the pictures, even these 'working' ones, have
their heads covered fashionably.

Caroline

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 10:29:59 -0500
From:    Gina Balestracci <BALESTRACCI@SATURN.MONTCLAIR.EDU>
Subject: Dido & Aeneas

Henry Purcell's opera _Dido and Aeneas_ was on last night's Great
Performances on PBS.  The costumes were an interesting mish-mosh of 16th-19th
century styles, with a few fantasy pieces thrown in (the Sorceress and her
crones).  The overall effect was, to my eyes, rather pre-Raphaelite, and quite
lush (it didn't hurt that Dido and Belinda both had long, thick hair,
intertwined with pearls).  A few scenes, most notably "As she visits this lone
fountain," had the look of a 16th-century Sienese painting (one of the women in
that scene looked very much like the Cumaean Sibyl on Michelangelo's Sistine
ceiling), and the witchcraft scene were yummy--great props!  One of the Wayard
Sisters' costumes looked quite like the olive green velvet Liberty dress that's
on display at the V & A (a pretty good look at that dress was gotten in the
witches' masque at the end of the opera).

Not exactly historic costume per se, but certainly worth watching.

Gina
balestracci@saturn.montclair.edu

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 10:45:40 -0500
From:    "Penny E. Ladnier" <s0peladn@EROLS.COM>
Subject: New Costume Designs

After many hours of research, my computer generated costume designs are
finally premiering on my web page, today.  At this point, only a few designs
are on my page, but my fellow costumers get the first seek peek. More
designs will be added as I complete them. The designs are for the play "The
Importance of Being Earnest".  Later, two more plays will be added: "Into
the Woods" & "The Philadelphia Story". The sources for the line drawings
will be added later.

Go to my web site, Historic Costume Research-
http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/2157
and click on Theatre Threads.

If anyone has questions or comments about this method of drawings, please
email me direct.

Penny
Penny E. Ladnier, Virginia Commonwealth University
s0peladn@erols.com
http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/2157
member:
Costume Society of America
American Fashion Council
Association for Information Systems Professionals

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 08:51:23 -0800
From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Cotton et al

4) a woolen textile which had been given a fluffy 'cotton' surface
> finish. (which raises the interesting question I don't think was discussed,
> about whether this textile gave the name to cotton or vice versa).

I believe that the term "cotton" comes either from India (one of their
many languages) or Arabic.  There was some mention of this on the net
recently.

~!~ R.L. Shep

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 12:58:37 -0500
From:    aleed <aleed@DNACO.NET>
Subject: Re: Barbie Garb

> >
> > So how many of us got our REAL start in costume working for Barbie and her
> > friends?  And has anyone tried performing drastic body modifications in
> > order to corset her?


You know, I never thought about that.  Barbie does have perfect body for
18th C. Corsets.  Hmm...one more project on the pile...

Drea

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 13:41:15 EST
From:    Carol Kocian <CKOCIAN@EPE.ORG>
Subject: Dolls

Margo Anderson wrote,
> So how many of us got our REAL start in costume working for Barbie
> and her friends?  And has anyone tried performing drastic body
> modifications in order to corset her?

    Yes, I confess, I also dressed my Barbie in various creations. It
was well before I got interested in historic clothing. I haven't
dressed one in quite a few years; I liked the faces of the earlier
Barbies better than the ones available today.

    When it comes to corseting, I much prefer the soft-bodied dolls
with the porcelain heads. Some are made with porcelain shoulders &
torsos all the way down into the bust. Dolls are available that would
be correct for some time periods (mid 19thC forward), and other
period dolls can be made from cloth or wood. There's a woodcut of a
naked Native American girl carrying a European doll. It's from the
16th or 17th century, as I recall. Has anyone tried to reproduce this
doll?

    Some friends have made cloth dolls for their children to play
with at events. Has anyone on the list done this, too? How do you
dress them?

    -Carol

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 16:01:57 -0500
From:    aleed <aleed@DNACO.NET>
Subject: Re: Dolls

>
>     When it comes to corseting, I much prefer the soft-bodied dolls
> with the porcelain heads. Some are made with porcelain shoulders &
> torsos all the way down into the bust. Dolls are available that would
> be correct for some time periods (mid 19thC forward), and other
> period dolls can be made from cloth or wood. There's a woodcut of a
> naked Native American girl carrying a European doll. It's from the
> 16th or 17th century, as I recall. Has anyone tried to reproduce this
> doll?

I have, for a while now, been longing to make a doll dressed in perfectly
quarter-scale elizabethan garb, including stockings, garters, chemise,
etc. made out of the real stuff--silk velvet and satin and all that. (It's
just the authenticity freak in me coming out--grab the stake and holy
water and you'll be fine).  I saw a picture of an Elizabethan "fashion
doll" in a book, but it was a small doll with rather rough features.

I came across a woman that makes "lady dolls", i.e., with adult
proportions, faces and figures.  She made me a doll with the "typically"
Elizabethan features--pale, high forehead, small mouth, grey eyes, frizzy
red hair, etc--that was 18" tall.  It has a porcelain head, hands and
feet, and a cloth body.

I've heard that porcelain dolls aren't period, but this one is perfect
for my project. Does anyone know of any evidence for porcelain
dolls in the 16th or 17th centuries, or any good reference books that
would contain information on 16th and 17th century dolls?


Thanks a lot,

Drea
 >

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 12:51:19 -0800
From:    CBecht@LMUMAIL.LMU.EDU
Subject: Re: Dolls

Carol asked:

    Some friends have made cloth dolls for their children to play
with at events. Has anyone on the list done this, too? How do you
dress them?

     I have no children myself but most of my costuming has been for dolls
     and only in the last couple years have I attempted some for myself and
     other real people.  The Barbie thread has been making me smile... we
     weren't allowed Barbies when I was a kid (I don't know if being an
     immigrant child of old world Europeans had anything to do with it...
     my mom just didn't let alot of pop culture stuff slip into the house)
     so anyways, we learned to sew adult looking cloth dolls.  My first
     ones were Barbie and Ken sized; I now make them a bit larger.  I still
     prefer to try out new patterns and eras and materials in doll-size
     first because I can afford just about any fabric to make the doll's
     dress and see how I like working with it.

     Most of my dolls are dressed in early to late Victorian clothes...
     okay, so I'm not a kid anymore so maybe my "yes" answer doesn't count.
      In my early twenties I sewed Civil War era flounced dresses for a
     neighbor child's Latina Barbie... those were fun.  I taught a friend
     how to sew - from the basics of threading a needle - by making her a
     Victorian doll and giving her some simplified Princess-line Victorian
     patterns to begin with.  She's onto all sorts of sewing projects now.

     So that's a long way around of answering a qualified yes.  Although
     none of these dolls are currently owned by children (none in the
     family), they certainly could be... and hopefully one day will be.

     - Cynthia

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 17:20:09 EST
From:    LuAnn Mason <luannmason1@JUNO.COM>
Subject: Re: Dolls

On Tue, 19 Nov 1996 16:01:57 -0500 aleed <aleed@DNACO.NET> writes:
>>
>>     When it comes to corseting, I much prefer the soft-bodied dolls
>> with the porcelain heads. Some are made with porcelain shoulders &
>> torsos all the way down into the bust. Dolls are available that
>would
>> be correct for some time periods (mid 19thC forward), and other
>> period dolls can be made from cloth or wood. There's a woodcut of a
>> naked Native American girl carrying a European doll. It's from the
>> 16th or 17th century, as I recall. Has anyone tried to reproduce
>this
>> doll?
>
>I have, for a while now, been longing to make a doll dressed in
>perfectly
>quarter-scale elizabethan garb, including stockings, garters, chemise,
>etc. made out of the real stuff--silk velvet and satin and all that.
>(It's
>just the authenticity freak in me coming out--grab the stake and holy
>water and you'll be fine).  I saw a picture of an Elizabethan "fashion
>doll" in a book, but it was a small doll with rather rough features.

This is pretty typical...

>I came across a woman that makes "lady dolls", i.e., with adult
>proportions, faces and figures.  She made me a doll with the
>"typically"
>Elizabethan features--pale, high forehead, small mouth, grey eyes,
>frizzy
>red hair, etc--that was 18" tall.  It has a porcelain head, hands and
>feet, and a cloth body.
>
>I've heard that porcelain dolls aren't period, but this one is perfect
>for my project. Does anyone know of any evidence for porcelain
>dolls in the 16th or 17th centuries, or any good reference books that
>would contain information on 16th and 17th century dolls?
>

I don't have any sources off hand, but from memory (and studying antique
dolls for about 20 years) I can tell you that there is NO evidence for
porcelain dolls in the 16th and 17th century.  :(  More's the pity, eh?
(Incidentally, this is one of my pet peeves with historic fiction--nobody
bothers to do their research!  I can't tell you how many fictional
references I've found to porcelain dolls LOTS earlier than they were ever
widely used.)  I tend toward erring on the side of caution, and I don't
think I'd use a china head doll for anything much before 1850, and bisque
heads were MUCH later than that.  If you want an authentic 16th / 17th
century doll, I'd opt for a linen CLOTH doll, a wooden doll (arguably
most common) or a wax-dipped wooden doll.

Hope this helps, and if anyone wants more indepth information, let me
know.  Then GIVE ME AWHILE to put away all my clothing books and LOCATE
the doll books.  It's been 3 moves in 2 years, and I haven't a clue where
they are.....

LuAnn

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 17:30:14 EST
From:    Carol Kocian <CKOCIAN@EPE.ORG>
Subject: Re: Dolls

Drea wrote,

> ... the real stuff--silk velvet and satin and all that. (It's
> just the authenticity freak in me coming out--grab the stake and holy
> water and you'll be fine).

    Certainly more affordable than fabric for a full size gown!

> I've heard that porcelain dolls aren't period, but this one is perfect
> for my project. Does anyone know of any evidence for porcelain
> dolls in the 16th or 17th centuries, or any good reference books that
> would contain information on 16th and 17th century dolls?

    There are tons of pretty Doll History books around, but they tend
to have very few references before the 18thC. One book pictured a
15thC "doll", but it looked more like a religious statue to me.

    As I recall, porcelain was used for dolls in the early 19thC.
Prior to that, doll heads & hands were made of papier mache as well
as wood. I wasn't able to tell the papier mache from the porcelain
from the photos of the dolls, they look that much alike. I'm sure the
papier mache is lighter weight. I also don't know when it was first
used for dolls.

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 18:17:09 -0500
From:    Stacey_Weinberger_at_WADSWORTH.WADSWORTH@CABELSMTP.WADSWORTH.COM
Subject: Re[2]: Dolls

New Text Item:  Re: Dolls

Unfortunately there isn't a 16th century doll, but have any of you seen the
American Girls dolls?  There is a 1774, 1854, 1864, 1904, amd 1954 doll.  They
are accurate from the inside out, from panier, chemise, garters, cage
crinolines, stockings, as well as dresses, and accessories.  Pretty neat!

Stacey


______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________
Subject: Re: Dolls
Author:  aleed@DNACO.NET @ BelmontSMTP at NOTES_DIRECTORY
Date:    11/19/96 4:01 PM



>
>     When it comes to corseting, I much prefer the soft-bodied dolls
> with the porcelain heads. Some are made with porcelain shoulders &
> torsos all the way down into the bust. Dolls are available that would
> be correct for some time periods (mid 19thC forward), and other
> period dolls can be made from cloth or wood. There's a woodcut of a
> naked Native American girl carrying a European doll. It's from the
> 16th or 17th century, as I recall. Has anyone tried to reproduce this
> doll?
I have, for a while now, been longing to make a doll dressed in perfectly
quarter-scale elizabethan garb, including stockings, garters, chemise, etc.
made out of the real stuff--silk velvet and satin and all that.
(It's
just the authenticity freak in me coming out--grab the stake and holy water and
you'll be fine).  I saw a picture of an Elizabethan "fashion doll" in a book,
but it was a small doll with rather rough features.
I came across a woman that makes "lady dolls", i.e., with adult proportions,
faces and figures.  She made me a doll with the "typically" Elizabethan
features--pale, high forehead, small mouth, grey eyes, frizzy red hair,
etc--that was 18" tall.  It has a porcelain head, hands and feet, and a cloth
body.
I've heard that porcelain dolls aren't period, but this one is perfect
for my project. Does anyone know of any evidence for porcelain
dolls in the 16th or 17th centuries, or any good reference books that would
contain information on 16th and 17th century dolls?

Thanks a lot,
Drea
>

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 18:41:04 -0500
From:    "=?iso-8859-1?Q?=22Chantal_M._P=E9court=22?=" <cpecourt@MHV.NET>
Subject: Musty smells

I am not sure if this is the proper place to ask, but since it does
relate to clothing here goes.
        I have an old clothing closet ( the kind that is free standing
and can be moved) from my grandmother. It was stored in her basement for
many years. Unfortunatly the basement was always damp and the clothing
closet has picked up a musty smell. When I got this I stripped off the
many years of ruined stain and washed down the inside with clorox and
water. I have restained this piece and now have a beautiful place to
store clothes, the only problem is that it is still musty. It has been
over a year since I cloroxed and restained it, I have tried the
commercial must smell removers, the must out powders and also baking
soda, but the smell is still there! There must be a way to get the musty
smell out. I can't really use the piece for anything good until the smell
is gone. Help please!

Chantal

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 17:33:30 -0600
From:    Wendy Robertson & Tim Weitzel <wcrobert@BLUE.WEEG.UIOWA.EDU>
Subject: washing clothes in Middle Ages

My local SCA group has offered to assist a class of 5th-6th graders who
are learning about the Middle Ages.  They are focusing on England and
Normandy, 1066-1300's.  They need the information by November 25 (which
means I need it by Nov. 24).  We have each agreed to take a few questions.
This time period is not my area of study and so I would like to ask for
assistance from the list.  My questions from the students include:

Did they ever wash their clothes?

How often did they change clothes?

Did the serfs wear shoes?  What kind?

What was the most popular color used by the serfs? By the nobility?

The last two I'll be able to answer, but I thought the list might have
some good input.  The first two I'm not sure I'll be able to give an
accurate (but concise answer).  I would appreciate any assistance you can
give me.

Thank you.
Wendy Robertson
wcrobert@blue.weeg.uiowa.edu

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 23:04:52 -0500
From:    Jafath@AOL.COM
Subject: knitting history

I've been reading Judith Merkle Riley's latest (I think) book, "The Serpent
Garden", which is set in Tudor England. One of the minor characters
supplements her income by knitting and selling mitts and sleeves. Does anyone
know if there is any historical basis for this idea? Nothing about it in
Rutt, which is the only source I have. I'd love to believe it . . .

Jo Anne

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 23:36:17 -0500
From:    SyRilla@AOL.COM
Subject: When is Dickens?

Thank you everyone for all of your helpful suggestions.  But I am now
confused on what the date of the "Dicken's" story and things are placed.  Are
there many diffrent styles for this period or have I just misunderstood?
Again with humble admiration,
Kimberly

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 18 Nov 1996 to 19 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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There are 18 messages totalling 744 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. Dolls and Knitting
  2. Dolls (2)
  3. Various (2)
  4. Dolls / Knitting
  5. washing clothes in Middle Ages
  6. Undelivered mail
  7. Dolls - history and sources
  8. knitting history (3)
  9. early 19th c. dolls
 10. Costume Interest
 11. Blackwork on shirts and bands (2)
 12. Book Sale in San Francisco
 13. Sense and Sensibility

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 20 Nov 1996 09:42:56 GMT
From:    TEDDY <TEDDY1@MDX.AC.UK>
Subject: Dolls and Knitting

> On Fri, 18 Oct 1996, Margo Anderson wrote:

> > So how many of us got our REAL start in costume working for
> > Barbie and her friends? And has anyone tried performing drastic
> > body modifications in order to corset her?

Try doing the same for "Pippa" dolls.  They were *so* much smaller,
and shoes simply wouldn't fit over socks/stockings.  The girl dolls
got the upper layers and their ordinary modern shoes hidden
underneath, making (pre-long trouser period) clothes for "Pete" was a
challenge I wasn't up to.

Now I make cloth dolls with embroidered faces and (so far)
knitting wool hair.  They are child-shaped but I've been toying with
the idea of more "adult" shaped/proportioned dolls for some time now.
 The ones I've done so far have been dressed in *many* different
periods, and are big enough that the footwear problem doesn't arise.

> From:    aleed <aleed@DNACO.NET>

> water and you'll be fine).  I saw a picture of an Elizabethan "fashion
> doll" in a book, but it was a small doll with rather rough features.

> I've heard that porcelain dolls aren't period, but this one is perfect
> for my project. Does anyone know of any evidence for porcelain
> dolls in the 16th or 17th centuries, or any good reference books that
> would contain information on 16th and 17th century dolls?

I recall seeing a portrait of a young (Elisabethan period) child
holding a "fashion-doll" dressed in clothes from an erarlier period.
I didn't look closely at the doll.  If I can locate the picture, I'll
check it again.  From what I recall it was fairly small but *was*
mentioned in the text accompanying the picture.


> From:    Jafath@AOL.COM
> Subject: knitting history
>
> I've been reading Judith Merkle Riley's latest (I think) book, "The Serpent
> Garden", which is set in Tudor England. One of the minor characters
> supplements her income by knitting and selling mitts and sleeves. Does anyone
> know if there is any historical basis for this idea? Nothing about it in
> Rutt, which is the only source I have. I'd love to believe it . . .


I had *just* finished reading something on this when I got this
posting!  In "Handbook of English costume in the sixteenth century"
by C Willett & Phillis Cunnington, Faber and Faber (no year given!)
Under the section heading "the Introduction of Knitting" -

'Pd the 10th day to Scotte's wife...for knitting a payr of hossis
(stockings) for Mistres Thomasine Petre 6d.' 1554.  Sir Wm.Petre's
Household Accounts. E.R.O.D/DP A94.

'Item pd by Mary for dyeing and knytting a pair of hosses for
Christian 5d.  Item the knytting a payr for Frances 5d.  Item the
spinning the woole 2d.' 1554.  From the same source.

Under "Sources" this was listed as

A. PRIMARY
(a) Unpublished:
   Essex Record Office, Chelmsford.  Including especialy the domestic
accounts of the Petre family.

Hope this helps!





Teddy
teddy1@mdx.ac.uk
                                              ======================
Bibliographical Services Dept.               * If a costume's worth *
Middlesex University                         * making, it's worth   *
Bounds Green Road                            * making well enough   *
London, N11 2NQ                              * for every-day wear.  *
England                                       ======================
Tel No.(0181) 362 6405

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 20 Nov 1996 02:50:06 -0800
From:    Conrad Hodson <conradh@EFN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Dolls

Margaret Weller here--

Slightly off topic here.  I've not yet gotten around to dressing any
Barbies, but I did a Ken up as Dr. Frankenfurter. Great fun (and 20 hours
work), but I could never figure out how to get Ken's feet to assume a
high-heel posture... Someone offered me $200 for him anyway...

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 20 Nov 1996 12:05:00 BST
From:    Mrs C S Yeldham <csy20688@GGR.CO.UK>
Subject: Various

Re Dolls in 16th and 17th century

There are quite a few pictures of mothers and children, dating from later
on in this period (late 16th, 17th and into 18th century) and from memory,
some of them show girls with dolls, often dressed the same way as the
child.  The boys, even before breeching, have little swords.  The dolls
look wooden headed and cloth bodied and are not treated as precious (hung
by one arm I seem to remember).  The other source that might help is the
Museum of Childhood, which I seem to remember is in Bethnall Green, London
(UK), but I can't find the details.  Pollocks Toy Museum, 1 Scala  Street,
London W1P 1LT UK, might also be able to help you.  There may be equivalent
specialist museums in the States.

On porcelain, I understood no porcelain came into the UK until trade with
China was established in the 18th century.  First there is a simple period
of importing Chinese wares (so any dolls would be Chinese), you then get a
transition period when the Chinese manufacturers were manufacturing to
European tastes, with varying degrees of success (some charming chinese
versions of European originals) and European attempts to copy porcelain,
mostly not very good.  Finally - end of the century/19th century? -
Europeans learnt how to make porcelain.  BTW I learnt recently that that
was the origin of why it is 'U' to put milk in last in tea according to
Nancy Mitford.  Porcelain would take the heat of boiling water for tea, but
the European fakes wouldn't, so if you had bought the fake you would put
the milk in first to cool the tea down.  So if you were in the habit of
putting the milk in first that suggested you were used to fake porcelain,
or suggested you thought your hostess was using fake porcelain!


Re 16th century Knitting

I know some authors suggest knitting was widespread in some periods, but in
16th century England I am confident!  There were knitted caps, which were
the province of a guild of men, who defended their corner vigourously - and
their caps cannot have been very popular as early in the century an act was
promulgated which said every man had to wear on on Sundays, which is why
they were known as statute caps.  Woven, felted, hats were much more
popular.  Late on in the century knitted stockings came in, but again, 17th
century specialists tell me that woven stockings did not go out of fashion
as quickly as we sometimes assume.

As for knitted sleeves (for what?) or mitts, so far as I know there is no
evidence in 16th century England.  It is my understanding that knitting was
a closely guarded secret of the guild, so how would someone learn?  The
'natural' thing in period, if you wanted a garment, seems to have been to
look at a piece of cloth and work out the shape, not make the item from the
spun fibres.  The Museum of London's book on Textiles doesn't (I think)
mention knitted fabrics, certainly the vast majority of the textiles
covered are woven - that's the period 1100 to 1450.

I agree with whoever said they get irritated about authors not doing their
research, there are plenty of other trades a woman could do (seamstress,
washerwoman, braid maker, others if your family was in the trade), tho'
admittedly most of them suitable for a woman on her own were euphemisms for
prostitution, there's a wonderful quote from 17th century someone gave me,
about a survey involving 97 seamstresses, who owned 3 needles between them!

Re: Request for information on 1066 - 1300

Not my period, but if you have access to the Web, try the Regia Anglorum
pages.  They are an English re-enactment group with very good pages and
will certainly be able to answer your questions.  Sorry I can't give you
the address, we are having problems with the system at the moment.

On colours, madder and woad are the basic, common dyes, so you are looking
at shades of red/yellow or blue.  On analogy  with 16th century England,
you would be reluctant to wash the heavy, woollen outer garments too often,
but the smocks and shirts worn next to the skin, of much lighter linen,
would get washed pretty frequently.

Did you get the fun programme on the Crusades in the States, presented by
one of the Monty Python lot (memory going again)?  The programme laid great
emphasis on the fact that the only women permitted on the Crusades (well,
he didn't go into Eleanor of Aquitaine, but she was an exception to every
rule) were washerwomen - they were prepared to compromise the purity of the
holy endeavour in order to have clean linen, but for no other reason.  The
Crusaders even ransomed one bunch of washerwomen that were captured.


Caroline


Barbie dolls have more to do with costuming than dyes?

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 20 Nov 1996 11:50:00 GMT
From:    "Chandler, Sally A." <S.A.Chandler@SHU.AC.UK>
Subject: Dolls / Knitting

Somehow I've managed to miss the original posting on dolls and early
knitting - perhaps someone would forward it to me?

Anyway - there's also a Museum of Childhood in England run by the National
Trust, at Sudbury Hall which is in the Midlands I think.  And there's a doll
museum in Warwick.

My understanding is that all dolls, fashion or toys,  were wooden possibly
with jointed limbs, until at least the mid 18th century.  There's a very
nice couple in the V & A complete with their whole wardrobe and accessories.
 I forget their names!  The Claphams I think!

There's a society in England called 'The Early Knitting Group' too.  I'm
sure I could find the details of all these if this actually relates to the
original message.

Sally Ann Chandler
The Historical Clothing Company
s.a.chandler@shu.ac.uk

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 20 Nov 1996 11:01:41 -0500
From:    Margritte <margritt@MINDSPRING.COM>
Subject: Re: washing clothes in Middle Ages

>Did the serfs wear shoes?  What kind?

When I was the demo-coordinator for the local SCA group several years ago,
we used to ask kids which cost more: fabric or leather shoes. The kids
would invariably chose leather, thinking of modern prices. We would then go
on to explain that in medieval times, fabric was much more labor-intensive
than it is today, whereas almost anyone had access to leather (though not
necessarily for shoes; it was an all-purpose material).

I don't know if most serfs wore shoes. Nobles, on the other hand, would
were fabric shoes as a status symbol: "Hey, look at me! I can afford
expensive shoes that will wear out quickly!" Obviously, they wore more
practical shoes for everyday wear, but when they were dressing to the
nines, richly embroidered cloth was the rule.

This usually helped to get the students thinking about what else might have
been different in the Middle Ages.

-Margritte

------------------------------------------------------------
Gryphon's Moon - Request our free catalog of Celtic jewelry.

email margritt@mindspring.com or check out our web page at
http://www.mindspring.com/~maclain/

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 22:44:24 -0800
From:    don and carolyn richardson <benrumson@WORLDNET.ATT.NET>
Subject: Re: Dolls

aleed wrote:
>
> I've heard that porcelain dolls aren't period, but this one is perfect
> for my project. Does anyone know of any evidence for porcelain
> dolls in the 16th or 17th centuries, or any good reference books that
> would contain information on 16th and 17th century dolls?
>
> Thanks a lot,
>
> Drea

>From the books I've got (I make porcelain dolls and collect all sorts of
the little buggers), there is no evidence of porcelain dolls for in the
16th or 17th Century.  While they mention clay dolls in the Americas
during this time period, these look more like fertility idols than dolls
children would play with - the sort of thing you'd find in National
Geographic.  The European dolls that I've seen (and the earliest still
extant is from the 17th Century that I can find), these were generally
made from wood, the torso carved in a "corseted" shape, with the arms
pinned on thru the upper torso and a painted head (no real hair).
Frankly, I think they're kind of ugly.

A good overview would be "Dolls, Toys and Childhood" by Ruth Mathes.
Most of her earliest examples are 18th Century but they look alot like
the 17th Century ones.

Tetchubah

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 20 Nov 1996 13:26:24 -0600
From:    "Marlo W. Peck" <Gnameless@PEN.NET>
Subject: Re: Undelivered mail

----------
> > I would take this as a signal that it's time to teach her how to make
her
> > doll some clothes.  A basic T-tunic can be cut out, and on a client as
> > physically  inactive as Barbie, doesn't even need to be seamed up the
> sides
> > -- just slip it over her head and tie on a belt.
> >
> > Just don't do what my mom did --when I was 4, she showed me how to make
a
> > high fashion (1961) sheath dress out of a child's sock.  She neglected
to
> > stress to me that only socks without partners should be used, and
several
> > days later, Barbie had one heck of a wardrobe -- and I was out of
socks.
> >
> > snip<
> >
> > So how many of us got our REAL start in costume working for Barbie and
> her
> > friends?  And has anyone tried performing drastic body modifications in
> > order to corset her?
>
> I suppose this is my cue to tell my costume story.
> Yes, I too desired nothing more as a child than for my Barbie to have the
> best custom wardrobe in town.  I started with rectangles of fabric with
two
> holes for the arms and a twist-tie belt.  I knew that this was not
> sufficient.  I kept bugging my mom to teach me how to sew real clothes on
> her sewing machine, but mom worked at a job with a 45 min. commute each
way
> and didn't have time to sit down and show me how the machine worked.
> Sometimes on weekend she would work on a new dress for me or herself and
I
> would sit and watch her sew.  Finally, I waited till one day when the
maid
> wasn't watching and sat down to mom's machine and made my barbie a real
> dress.  The only thing mom ever taught me was where the reverse stitch
> button was and how to wind the bobbin.
>
> From there I started making my own clothes and when I got to high school
> and jr. college I took every sewing class I could.  In high school I got
> involved with the drama club and so costumes where the next logical step.
> I majored in theatre costume in college, I was going to be a costume
> designer.  Unfortunately, personality politics got in my way and I ended
up
> leaving the university with no degree and no costume resume (my technical
> theatre resume was another question, but I have a permanent disability
and
> the scene shop did not seem like a viable career at the time) and zero
self
> confidence and esteem.
>
> I wandered around for the next six or seven years trying to decide what
to
> do with my working life and not fitting in well any where, I made a
decent
> secretary type, although I wasn't really happy at my job except when I
was
> being the unpaid computer wienie.  I still loved costume, particularly
> historic costume.
>
> My disability finally allowed me to gracefully leave the mundane career
> path for a tiny disability income.  Somewhere in the last couple of years
I
> was working for the state, I renewed a college friendship with a
gentleman
> who was now in the SCA.  Before I knew it I had started going to events
and
> making garb for myself.  I loved it!  After a couple of more years of
> renewing my rusty sewing skill I started making garb for others, and
people
> were telling me I was good!  After the disappointment of my college
career
> this was an amazing ego restructure.  Now I make custom SCA garb for an
> extra income and have full size barbie dolls to play with.  I would
really
> like to go back to school and get a degree in costume/museum studies and
> work on garb of every period.  If anyone knows of any programs other that
> Dalhousie (spelling?), please let me know.
>
> Sorry if the story got long winded, Thanks for all the interesting news
and
> hints this forum provides me.
>
> Marlo W. Peck
> Knowne to the society as:
> Muriel deRedfearne
> gnameless@pen.net

sorry this is messy, I had the address wrong the first time I sent it and
had to re-send.  Merl

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 20 Nov 1996 14:47:43 -0500
From:    Susan Evans <woofie@CAPITAL.NET>
Subject: Dolls - history and sources

I've been making dolls for over 10 years and have studied their history as
well.  Unfortunately most of my books are in storage at the moment BUT I
do know that there are woodcuts/engravings of doll sellers from the early
1600's.  The heads were either wood or earthenware.  Porcelain dolls are
later.  Porcelain is a special type of clay - it needs a high firing
temperature and a very gentle touch.  Distort the head while it's wet and
even if you tap it back into shape, it will likely distort in the firing.
Porcelain dolls are coming in during the late 1700s - and just as luxury
items.  Wax dolls are also popping up then.  Earthenware clay (a low fire
clay, cheaper and much more forgiving in its handling) would have been the
clay of choice for the dolls of the middle class.
  Doll Reader magazine quite often features articles on the history of
dolls - unfortunately most of the focus is Victorian but sometimes it does
go into older times.  It also lists museums and source books in the
articles, though.
  As for making fashion dolls today, try picking up a copy of Doll Crafter
magazine.  Several companies offer dolls already fired and painted.  Some
may also assemble them for you.  For a truly magnificent doll try the
company Vicki's Original Designs, PO Box 363, Valley Center, KS 67147.
She offers dolls (men and women) from 36" to 11".  Some are modeled after
movie stars - Vivien Leigh, Liz Taylor, Marilyn Monroe, and Bette Davis -
who BTW, makes a wonderful older version of Elizabeth I.  I've gotten
several of the molds and especially love one called Midori.
  The company also offers patterns - Victorian, Elizabethan, Medieval for
the dolls.  The larger the doll, the more detail you can work into the
costume, of course.  I've gone quite nuts on the 36" ones at times.  For
the Gone with the Wind fans, several of Scarlet's dresses are available as
patterns.
  If you order the catalog of the doll molds you can check out the faces
and then order the doll from one of the companies that offer it made up.
Be sure to specify what you want exactly however - the breast plates on
her dolls are really zaftig - they need to be cut down if you're going for
a corseted look.
  Also inquire about the leg styles - some have shoes as part of the mold
and some are bare foot.  And again, ask if the bare foot is arched (as if
wearing high heels) or flat.
  Most of the larger fashion dolls will have porcelain arms, legs and
breast plates and a fabric body.
  I'll be glad when I move in the next few months so I can get out the
kiln and get back to making some more.
Sue Evans

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 20 Nov 1996 15:16:27 -0800
From:    Glenna Jo & Bill Christen <gwjchris@RUST.NET>
Subject: Re: Various

Mrs C S Yeldham wrote:
>
> Re Dolls in 16th and 17th century

>...There may be equivalent specialist museums in the States.

While I don't know how far back the dolls date (I was only interested in
the 19th cent. ones.) The Strong Museum in Rochester, NY has quite a
large collection of doll, and other toys (along with at least a bit of
just about everything else! :-))  Everything on the study level has a
number and you have to go to the card catalog and look up the
description to learn more about it. It was a bit cumbersome, but it did
make of an interesting test of my accuracy on dating items.  (I did much
better than I expected I would :-))

Glenna Jo Christen
gwjchris@rust.net

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 20 Nov 1996 20:37:51 UT
From:    Susan Carter <sucarter@MSN.COM>
Subject: Re: knitting history

Jo Anne and all,

Check Rutt, pages 63 to 65.  He details the knitted finds from the Mary Rose,
an English ship that went down in 1545.  I won't comment on the "mitts" (a
Victorian term I believe) but the picture on page 65 sure could be a "sleeve".
 Were these the product of commercial or domestic knitting?  My guess would be
commercial but please not the use of the word 'guess'.  I would also 'guess'
that the knitters were mostly men at this stage.  Please don't ask for
documentation - I don't have it, just educated gut feelings.  The history of
knitting is murky, prior to 1600 it's practically blank.

As regards Ms. Riley - IMHO she's one of the few historic fiction authors
worth bothering with.

Su
_
 Su Carter
       Weaver, spinner, lacemaker   (508) 746-1622 ext.214
       Plimoth Plantation           sucarter@msn.com
       Box 1620
       Plymouth, MA 02362

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 09:54:59 EST
From:    "Wilson, Annette" <AWILSON@ANCA.GOV.AU>
Subject: Re: knitting history

Hi everyone.
Two snippits to add to the discussion on knitting.

First, the Museum of London's Textile book does
list three knitted fragments, one of which is probably
a bit of a hat (I use the term loosely). The other two
are of indeterminate use, athough one seems definitely
flat. I can't be more specific, the book is at home.

Secondly, a thought regarding the illustrations
of the "knitting Madonnas" in Rutt.
I have never seen a picture of Mary doing any
"unfeminine" activity. This suggests that knitting at that
period was an established female activity,
if only for production of items for domestic use
(as opposed to saleable items).

Annette Wilson

Email: awilson@anca.gov.au

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 20 Nov 1996 18:25:10 -0500
From:    Sheridan Alder & David Webb <alderweb@VAXXINE.COM>
Subject: early 19th c. dolls

Hello everyone:

I was wondering if, while everyone refers back to their doll sources,
if people could keep an eye out for information on very early 19th c.
dolls. My husband runs the visitor program of Fort George, Parks
Canada, which portrays the fort in 1811, on the eve (or the morning,
depending) of the War of 1812. He'd like to have a primitive doll
whittled for one of their young volunteers to dangle. My impression
is that a lot of the common dolls were the sort of hideous nubbins
that would frighten a modern small child to hysterics, but so be it!
(Sorta like the one described in the opening chapter of Jane Eyre.)
If you could just note the title and page number, that would be a
big help. This would be a "baby" for a child of a soldier.

Thanks,

Sheridan
------------------------------------------------------------
           Name : Sheridan Alder & David Webb
        Company : Sheridan Alder & David Webb
        Address : 145 Dalhousie Avenue
           City : St. Catharines, ON, Canada, L2N 4X6

     Home Number: (905) 935-2729
------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 20 Oct 1996 17:42:38 -0700
From:    Margo Anderson <wander@HOOKED.NET>
Subject: Costume Interest

I just wonder what got you started or interested in historical costumes, and
>what you do with them after they are made?

OOPS  I just realized I sent this to the original poster, not the list.
Here goes:

I would say that my start came when I was three years old,   woke up and and
found my parents were having a party,  and there, sitting on their couch,
was a Fairy Princess in the most beautiful, magical gown I had ever seen.
She was a friend's girlfriend from India, and she was wearing a pink silk
sari and all the jewelry that goes with it.  It started a lifelong interest
in beautiful and exotic clothing.

Shortly after that we moved to Placerville, California, a gold-rush era town
that celebrates the pioneers every year by staging the Wagon Train, an
actual covered wagon train that spends a week making a 50-mile journey,
ending in Placerville with a parade and other festivities.  When I was a
child, all the people working downtown dressed in (very innaccurate) 19th
century garb for the week, and and there was also a separate children's
parade and costume competition, at which I won my first ribbon (I recently
returned for the parade and was dissapointed to find that hardly anyone
dresses for it anymore.)

My mother started teaching me to sew  when I was four, and I made a lot of
doll clothes and doll's house furnishings, most of them in a style I call
"Victorianoid".  I blush to confess that at about age 13 I discovered the
novels of Barbara Cartland and became addicted to her elaborate descriptions
of period gowns.  (No, really!  I read them for the DRESSES!)

I continued an interest in costume. I sewed for community theaters, which I
hated due to time pressure and undeserved egos. When I moved to the San
Francisco area in my mid 20's I got involved with Ren Faire, Dickens, SCA,
and science fiction cons.  I made most of my costumes for these events, and
started a business making them for other people.  For several years I had a
bridal alterations and custom gown business (REALLY hated it) and I also
worked in fabric stores, sold sewing machines, and sewed for a professional
theater company.

As for how we get so knowledgable:  I have never taken a course in costuming
-- I've just read everything  I could on the subject.

These days, I'm a stay at home mom, and have neither time, space, or money
to do much costuming. :( Instead, I read and write about it on this list.:)

Margo Anderson
"One Tough Costumer"

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 20 Nov 1996 21:05:35 -0400
From:    lukelep@NECA.COM
Subject: Blackwork on shirts and bands

Hi Folks!

I need to call upon the assembled wisdom of the list to direct me on a new
project.

I finally feel like I have a wee bit of time to do some fancy work for
myself (believe it or not!) and as I need to make myself several new shirts
(work and dress) for 17th cen/English Civil War reenacting anyway, I tho't
that I might like to try a bit of blackwork.

My questions are these:

1.) By the 1635-50 time period, how common was it for good quality
middleclass mens shirts to be decorated with blackwork?
2.) If it was used, where was it applied? Shirtcollars? Cuffs?
3.) Is there evidence in this period (1635-50) for blackwork being applied
to falling bands? Hand falls? etc?

Again, I am interested in middleclass mens shirts, not gentry or nobility.
Any info that you all could shake loose will be greatly appreciated.  Also,
if anyone could suggest any books that would be super too!

Thanks!

Luke

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 20 Nov 1996 21:06:13 -0400
From:    lukelep@NECA.COM
Subject: Re: knitting history

>Jo Anne and all,
>
>Check Rutt, pages 63 to 65.  He details the knitted finds from the Mary Ros=
e,
>an English ship that went down in 1545.  I won't comment on the "mitts" (a
>Victorian term I believe) but the picture on page 65 sure could be a "sleev=
e".
> Were these the product of commercial or domestic knitting?  My guess would=
 be
>commercial but please not the use of the word 'guess'.  I would also 'guess=
'
>that the knitters were mostly men at this stage.  Please don't ask for
>documentation - I don't have it, just educated gut feelings.  The history o=
f
>knitting is murky, prior to 1600 it's practically blank.

> Su Carter

Hi Folks!

While I was at a 17th cen muster this Oct. I had a chance to see a set of
'sleeves' that one of my compatriots had reproduced from the Mary Rose
finds. These 'sleeves' came up to just above the elbow and looked rather
like the sleeve protectors that men wore in offices in the earlier part of
this century.  I think they would be warm and practical to wear with a
cassack or cloak where your arms tend to poke out if you need to do
anything.

Just my 2=A2.

L.

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 03:41:32 -0800
From:    Michael Marcrum <mmarcrum@IX.NETCOM.COM>
Subject: Re: Blackwork on shirts and bands

Luke and all,
 Since this has been brought up I would love to find a book with
directions for doing black work. Does anyone have the title of a good
book??
Kathy
mmarcrum@ix.netcom.com

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 20 Nov 1996 19:09:32 -0800
From:    thomas gladysz <thomasg@SLIP.NET>
Subject: Book Sale in San Francisco

WARNING! This is a shameless advertisment that may save you money on
costuming books if you live in San Francisco.

On Saturday November 23rd and Sunday November 24th, A Clean Well-Lighted
Place for Books will be having our first ever sale in our 21 year history.
And as a birthday celebration all books will be 21% off.

There are a few restrictions to this sale, they are:

=No Phone, e-mail, or mail orders ! Yikes !
=Books in-stock and on-hand only, no rain checks.
=No books will be held, and no lay-away. Otherwise ......

As of Wednesday the 20th, we have "The Cut of Women's Clothing," and "The
Cut of Men's Clothing" in stock   I have many of the Dover books in stock as
well.  I believe I have "Corsets and Crinolines" in stock, as well as "The
Art of Dress" by Ashelford and "The Art of Dress" by Ribiero. That's just
the tip of the iceberg. We have a large section devoted to costume, costume
history, fashion, and construction. I'm not holding any inventory back, so
if someone buys them between now and this weekend, oops. For an idea of the
costuming books we carry, check out our web site (although the sale is NOT
applicable by e-mail)  http://www.bookstore.com

Our sale will be taking place at all three of our locations, however, the
San Francisco store is the one with the good costuming section. (No
inter-store transfers, yikes!)

Our address is:
A Clean Well-Lighted Place for Books
601 Van Ness
between Turk and Golden Gate

There is a (very expensive) parking garage beneath us and we will validate 1
hour of parking with a minimun $10.00 purchase. Our hours this weekend (and
always) are, on Saturday 10am till midnight, and Sunday 10am till 11pm.

Our phone number is 415-441-6670.   And yes, we take Visa, mastercard,
American Express, checks and yes - we will accept cash.

Hope to see you there. My name is Christy - I am very interested in fashion
and costume history. If you can make it, please introduce yourself. Let's
talk shop! I will be working Sunday from 10 till 5

thanks,
Christy Pascoe.

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 20 Nov 1996 20:56:04 -0800
From:    "erin k. gault" <gaulte@ELWHA.EVERGREEN.EDU>
Subject: Sense and Sensibility

I have been wondering this ever since the movie came out.  Why is it that
every single review of Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice and
Persuasion describe the movies as 18th century?  I just don't get it!

*****************************************************************
*             Erin K. Gault  Evergreen State College            *
*              e-mail: gaulte@elwha.evergreen.edu               *
*****************************************************************

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 19 Nov 1996 to 20 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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Subject:  H-COSTUME Digest - 20 Nov 1996 to 21 Nov 1996
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There are 15 messages totalling 513 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. Weaving sources?
  2. Blackwork resources
  3. Knitting
  4. Fashion dolls
  5. American Girls Dolls
  6. Flame retardent solutions
  7. Sense and Sensibility (4)
  8. Doll history
  9. What century did you say this is?
 10. Linen thread
 11. dolls
 12. Dolls

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 01:31:17 -0500
From:    Susan Evans <woofie@CAPITAL.NET>
Subject: Re: Weaving sources?

  Can anyone recommend sources for textiles for the 16th century?  I've
been weaving a while and want to make a more authentic piece of garb.  I
know what types of threads to use but I don't have any pattern drafts for
the weave of the fabric.  I'd like to make something other than plain
weave, if possible.

Sue Evans

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 20 Nov 1996 22:48:52 -0800
From:    Elizabeth Pruyn <iteach@SLIP.NET>
Subject: Blackwork resources

>Luke and all,
>Since this has been brought up I would love to find a book with
>directions for doing black work. Does anyone have the title of a good
>book??
>Kathy
>mmarcrum@ix.netcom.com

Hi there,

These resources were posted on our Renaissance Faire list in response to a
similar question.  Hope this helps.

Yours,
Elizabeth

Blackwork Embroidery
--------------------
http://www16.crl.com/~kdyer/documents/mag_book_vid.html
        Needlework FAQ: Magazines, Books, Videotapes
http://www.ambook.org/bookstore/needlework/
        Hard-to-Find Needlework Books
http://www.pacificnet.net/~pmarmor/bwarch.html
        Elizabethan Blackwork: The Blackwork Embroidery
        Archives [patterns and everything!!! yaay!]
http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext.faq/usenet/crafts/textiles/faq/part1
/faq.html
        Textiles FAQ from rec.crafts.textiles and alt.sewing
http://www.greenduck.com/newrtpl/charts.htm
        Green Duck Designs Charts Category Price List
http://bull.got.kth.se/~annat/
        Anna's LARP Crafts Links Page [a lot of this is
        in Swedish, but the links are great; there's a whole
        section on embroidery, and for the fellas, a bunch
        of links on making your own armor, weapons, chainmail, and
        even a link called "Much ado about bondage..." I'll
        let you go there yourselves... plus, there's quite a
        few costuming sites]
http://www.ftech.net/~regia/embroid.htm
        Embroidery Techniques
http://www.crl.com/~kdyer/xstitch.html
        Counted Cross Stitch, Needlework, and Stitchery
        Page
http://www.tiag.com/
        Told in a Garden [stitchery resources and designs]
http://www.fml.com/bsd/
        Black Swan Designs [counted cross stitch designs]
http://www.scsn.net/users/pegasus/
        Pegasus Originals Inc. [more counted cross stitch]

and my personal favorite, the granddaddy of them all
(well, not really, but I'm mighty impressed by the contents
of this page-it's emphasis is on info., not flash):

http://www.staff.uiuc.edu/~jscole/medembro.html
        The Medieval/Renaissance Embroidery Home Page

Milieux:The Costume Site
http://ddi.digital.net/~milieux/costume.html
     The best costume site I've seen, with links to everything you can imagine.

-----------------------------
NEEDLEWORK:

Medieval/Renaissance Embroidery Homepage
http://www.uiuc.edu/ph/www/jscole/medembro.html

Donna's Needlework Page
http://www.dabbler.com/ndlwrk.html
     Valuable not so much for itself as for its many good links.

Counted Cross Stitch, Needlework, and Stitchery Page
http://www.crl.com/~kdyer/xstitch.html

The Lacemaker's Home Page
http://www.arachne.com/

Blackwork Embroidery Archives
http://www.pacificnet.net/~pmarmor/bw_sesns.html
     A little disappointing -- only six designs.

        The Medieval/Renaissance Embroidery Home Page
http://www.uiuc.edu/ph/www/jscole/medembro.html

Elizabeth Pruyn     iteach@slip.net     Oakland, CA

"If I had been around when Rubens was painting, I would have been revered
as a fabulous model.  Kate Moss?  Well, she would have been the paint
brush..."  - Dawn French

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 20 Nov 1996 20:55:03 -1000
From:    Lisa Leong <lisaleon@HAWAII.EDU>
Subject: Re: Knitting

On Tue, 19 Nov 1996, TEDDY wrote:

> I recall seeing a portrait of a young (Elisabethan period) child
> holding a "fashion-doll" dressed in clothes from an erarlier period.
> I didn't look closely at the doll.  If I can locate the picture, I'll
> check it again.  From what I recall it was fairly small but *was*
> mentioned in the text accompanying the picture.

This may not be the one Teddy has in mind but in Jane Ashelford's _Dress
in the Age of Elizabeth I_, on p. 75 there is a picture of Arabella Stuart
(1577) and the following accompanying text:

"It also seems likely that fashion dolls were circulating in England, for
it was a method of passing on information that was used as early as 1396
at the French court, when records show that a tailor was paid for making a
doll's wardrobe.  A direct reference to the existence of fashion dolls in
England occurs during the trial in November 1615...<snip>  Fashion dolls
were probably handed down to children when they had served their purpose,
and a likely example of this use can be seen in a 1577 portrait of
Arabella Stuart, aged 23 months, which depicts her holding a very
sophisticated doll wearing a highly detailed costume of the mid 1560s."

No mention of how they dolls were made, tho'.

--l.

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 09:59:04 -0500
From:    Susan Carroll-Clark <sclark@CHASS.UTORONTO.CA>
Subject: Re: Fashion dolls

Greetings!

I helped a friend of mine research and document (as much as she could
in a couple of weeks--she kept putting it off) the 16th century fashion
dolls for an SCA arts and sciences comp.  There are only a couple of extant
examples, but there are also a couple of portraits that show 'em.  The
theory is that the dolls were a way for tailors to show the latest fashions
to their customers--there is an extant letter that mentions a lady sending
one to a tailor for dressing.  I'd love to hear more info on the
extant example, if anyone has it.  It apparently was made of cloth,
with an embroidered face--not really "rough", although perhaps a bit
"primitive".  We'd love to know, for instance, how the clothes were
attached--it was my own theory that the clothes were probably sewn right
to the doll, and the doll was not meant to be "dressed and undressed"--this
likely meant it did not have a complete set of underclothes, including
corset.  (My friend's Laurel wanted her to do something more akin to a
period Barbie doll, with interchangeable clothes;  my poor friend got the
doll only half-finished, with a petticoat and chemise her only clothing,
as a result...)

  It is thought that the dolls were perhaps given to children after they had
served their purpose.

As I said, any further info would be gleefully sucked up.  She had
real problems finding any scholarly sources on dolls beyond one or two;
unlike me, she's not the kind of person who knows how to dig for such sources.

Cheers--
Susan Carroll-Clark
sclark@chass.utoronto.ca

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 10:15:57 -0600
From:    "Sandra L. Waldrop" <swaldrop@PRAIRIENET.ORG>
Subject: Re: American Girls Dolls

They also sell patterns, fairly accurate, for the various eras.  My
daughter has one of their "custom" dolls, where you can choose from an
assortment of eye colors, skin tones, hair color, etc.  Mary Katherine
(the doll) looks a lot like my daughter, and accompanies us to Civil War
reenactments.  The construction of the doll is not quite right for the
1860's, but we have some patterns and I can actually get Chellie to
sit and sew for 30-45 minutes at a time.  Anything that can make a 7 year
old sit still for a little while and be constructive is a good thing.

Sandy Waldrop
swaldrop@prairienet.org

On Tue, 19 Nov 1996 Stacey_Weinberger_at_WADSWORTH.WADSWORTH@CABELSMTP.WADSWORTH.COM wrote:

> New Text Item:  Re: Dolls
>
> Unfortunately there isn't a 16th century doll, but have any of you seen the
> American Girls dolls?  There is a 1774, 1854, 1864, 1904, amd 1954 doll.  They
> are accurate from the inside out, from panier, chemise, garters, cage
> crinolines, stockings, as well as dresses, and accessories.  Pretty neat!
>
> Stacey

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 11:15:21 -0800
From:    Conrad Hodson <conradh@EFN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Flame retardent solutions

Margaret Weller here---
 Someone asked several days ago about flame retardant solutions made with
boric acid.  I did not see a reply (but sometime I miss things), so I am
sending the one that I have from the Oregon State University Extension
Service
.
MAKING FABRICS FLAME RESISTANT

Flame-retardant solutions usually cause a slight stiffening of the treated
fabric, which becomes somewhat heavier.  However, these solutions cause no
appreciable change in the feel or color of the material.  Treated garments
will not injure or irritate the skin.

Treatment may lessen the fiber strength of materials when they are stored
for long periods. SOLUTION A, described in the following section, has
least effect on fiber strength. *Repeat Treatment After Each Laundering!*

PREPARING SOLUTIONS
Chemicals can be purchased at most drug or grocery stores.  Commercial
grades give as good results as more expensive pharmaceutical grades.

Solution A

Borax------------------7oz
Boric Acid (Granular)--3oz
Water (hot)------------2qts

Dissolve boric acid by making a paste with a small quantity of water.  Add
this and the borax to water.  Stir until the solution is clear.

Warm the solution if it becomes cloudy or jelly-like from standing.
Fabrics treated with Solution A do not flame when exposed to fire.  Glow
lasts about 30 seconds.

this solution does not appreciably weaken fabric, even after treated
fabric has been stored 6 or 8 months.

Materials treated with it may lose their flame resistance in time.
Re-treat within a year.

Use Solution A for garments and other household fabrics, except those made
of rayon or resin-treated cotton--sometimes called crushproof,
wrinkleproof, or wash-and-wear.  (Note: one of the other solutions on the
list I have is recommended for these fabrics)

Note: There are three other solutions listed on my handout.  This is the
best all-around solution, but, as it says, not universal. If there is
interest I can enter the rest of the document for the list, or send to
interested individuals.

Margaret Weller
email: conradh@efn.org

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 13:18:56 -0600
From:    Noelle Nicol <Noelle_Nicol@DGII.COM>
Subject: Re: Sense and Sensibility

Forgive my ignorance,  but I thought Regency *was* late 18th cent. ??   The
fashion was insopired by Josephine Bonaparte while Napolean ruled France.  My
memory may be  failing me,  but I thought that was around 1780-ish?

Yours,

NSN

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 15:15:13 -0500
From:    Sharron Fina <sfina@RETINA.ANATOMY.UPENN.EDU>
Subject: Doll history

To those who are interested:

    Try the website for Ashton Drake, a major collector doll company (that
knows me all too well) http://www.ashtondrake.com/kitchen.html and click
on history.  It gives a thumbnail history of dolls, their uses and
material make-up over the centuries.

Sharron Fina
sfina@retina.anatomy.upenn.edu
Department of Neuroscience
University of Pennsylvania

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 12:54:03 -0800
From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Re: Sense and Sensibility

Noelle Nicol wrote:
>
> Forgive my ignorance,  but I thought Regency *was* late 18th cent. ??   The
> fashion was insopired by Josephine Bonaparte while Napolean ruled France.  My
> memory may be  failing me,  but I thought that was around 1780-ish?
>
> Yours,
>
> NSN

Aside from anything else (I, forgive me, do not like Jane Austen,
neither in print or in film) George (later IV) became Regent in 1811
(because George III was visiably mad) and was Regent until 1820 when he
became King in his own right = George IV.  The Regency period can said
to extend a few years on either side of that but:  1780... I think not.
We are talking about Jane Austen and England not Josephine and France.
Fashions at that time (for men) were set by George and Beau Brummel.
The women's clothes may reflect French fashions (when do they not?) but
early 19th Century not 18th Century.

:-)))))

~!~ R.L. Shep

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 22 Nov 1996 11:08:41 +1100
From:    Greg & Jocelyn House <house@MACQUARIE.MATRA.COM.AU>
Subject: Re: Sense and Sensibility

>Forgive my ignorance,  but I thought Regency *was* late 18th cent. ??   The
>fashion was insopired by Josephine Bonaparte while Napolean ruled France.  My
>memory may be  failing me,  but I thought that was around 1780-ish?
>
>Yours,
>
>NSN

Actually the French Revolution didn't take place until 1789.  Then during
the ninties there was the rule of the Committee for Public Safety and after
that Napoleon came on the scene in the late nineties.  I believe his first
successful campaign was in 1797.  Considering that his defeat at Waterloo
took place in 1815, the majority of his time was in the early nineteenth
century.

As far as the dress of this time goes I seem to remember hearing (though I
can't vouch for the veracity of this) that the French at the time were
basing their designs on those of Ancient Rome (it is said that Napoleon saw
himself as the successor of the Roman Emperors) and as a consequence the
English based theirs on that of Ancient Greece.

Jocelyn House

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 17:21:15 +0000
From:    Leslie H <leslieh@CANFIELD.COM>
Subject: What century did you say this is?

Two ideas about the century problem.

1.  Appalling as it may be, some people are living entirely in the
now (or, more incomprehensibly, in the future) and really have no
grasp of the correct sequencing.  Many of them work for the press.
SOME of them are probably correcting what they think are errors in
the submitted reviews of the film.  Go ahead, be paranoid about this.
I am.

2.  The offenders may be afflicted with whatever learning disability
it is that makes this kind of calculating difficult.  For you, it may
not be a calculation.  However, I have to stop and reason it out
EVERY TIME.  My brain just can't associate the pairs; 1800s equals
nineteenth centery, etc.  Actually, people with learning disabilities
are starting to outnumber those without (pretty soon we'll have to
have special classes for the normally abled!?) and some of them
just won't remember to struggle with it.

{Hey Erin--I can't wait to start on the next play.  Remember
to get your grommet setter back from the studio--you'll have to ask me
where it is (and then I'll have to find it).}

Larisa
or
Leslie

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 27 Sep 1996 13:55:35 -0700
From:    Christine Gilbreath <christyg@CWNET.COM>
Subject: Re: Linen thread

Hi

Linen thread is also used in book binding, lace making and leather
working. You might follow those leads to find it also.

Here's what I found on the web on a quick search.

Fiber & Pulp

P.O. Box 9
Jackson, Wyoming 83001

Tel: (307) 734-2599
E-mail: fiberpulp@aol.com
http://www.wyoming. com/~hanson/fiberpulp.shl

Fiber & Pulp sells binding supplies such as linen thread and tape, PVA,
and bone folders, and has a large selection of Japanese, Thai, Indian,
and various other papers. They also offer workshops of many kinds, which
include everything from how to make a portfolio, album, or piano hinge
book to rubber stamping.
****

http://www.uidaho.edu/~paulineb/suppliers.html

Lots of bookmaking suppliers

****

http://www.arachne.com/lace_sources.us.html

Lace and tatting supplies

****

        Christy

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 21:01:15 EST
From:    "Sandra J. Westergren" <74133.704@COMPUSERVE.COM>
Subject: dolls

Greetings

        In the SCA I made a stuffed doll for an auction.  It was also entered in
the Pennsic A&S Champions point at Pennsic 19.  Althought the head was really a
rabbit's (long story there), the body was stuffed cotton, about 20" tall, and it
was dressed from the skin out in Elizabethan.   Stockings, garters, chemise,
boned corset, bumroll, reed hoop skirt, petticoats, beaded forepart, pearled
cartridge pleated overskirt, pearled boned bodice, tied in sleeves, partlet,
neck and wrist ruffs. jewelry, girder with pomander, pillbox hat, feather fan.
It was a joy to do and I truely was sad to give it up.  But. . . .
        Except for the composition of the body and head, it was an elaborate
period fashion doll.
        From doing research at that time I discovered the following:
today's toys often began as yesterday's fashion dolls
fashion dolls date from the 1400's
bodies were usually primitive (wood, clay, rags, leather bags filled with bran
or sawdust)  bodice was conical
        as was the skirt (no legs)
a 1567 publication notes a procedure for molding dolls using paper pulp, sawdust
and arsenic and pressing
        it into hollow moulds.  As of 1564, this was being shipped from Germany
to England and France
        (sounds similier to paper mache)
a doll in the Royal Armoury Collection in Stockholm, 1590, has a body of wire
armature covered in silk thread
        Real hair is braided and attached to the head.  The face is embroidered.
one woodcut, probably late 16th or early 17th by the look of the fashions, shows
a woman and child at a toy
        merchants booth, which features _lots_ of dolls

        I believe a reference earlier was to a portrait from Ashleford's 'Dress
in the Age of Elizabeth I' showing a little girl, Arabella Stuart dated 1577,
holding a wonderful doll.  The costume on the doll is accurate.  The head shows
great detail, although no indication of materials used.

        Sorry this got long.  If anyone wishes references from my bibligraphy,
please contact me.

Trying to find time to do more dolls. . . . . .
Sandy Westergren
Minneapolis Minnesota
SCA  -  Mistress Cassandra of the Western Green
Nordskogen - Northshield - Middle

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 23:18:01 -0500
From:    Rebecca Marler <Rlmarler@AOL.COM>
Subject: Re: Sense and Sensibility

Publishing dates:
_Pride and Prejudice_ first offered to the publisher under the title _First
Impression_ in November 1797;

_Sense and Sensibility_, documentation shows that it was written in its
earliest form in 1795 through letters, more of a novel in 1797;

_Northanger Abbey_, written under the title _Susan_, from 1798-9 and sold to
the publisher in 1803, not printed until a year before the author's death.

R

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 23:22:57 -0500
From:    COakley@AOL.COM
Subject: Re: Dolls

I don't believe I've seen any garbed Barbies at events hereabouts (Illinois),
but I am aware of a few stuffed animals with excellent wardrobes, including a
family  of Wild Thing dolls with both Viking and 13th-c. heraldic garb.
 (Lord Wild also owns quite an arsenal of miniature weapons.)  Hardly
"Period," but cute!                                                     :)>
                                                             Kate Oakley

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 20 Nov 1996 to 21 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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There are 5 messages totalling 127 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. regency, give or take (2)
  2. Glove References needed
  3. sources of wool for French & Indian reenactment?
  4. Victorian Girl's Dress

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 22 Nov 1996 10:49:27 +0000
From:    Dorothy Stein <dstein@SAS.AC.UK>
Subject: Re: regency, give or take

> The Regency period can said
> to extend a few years on either side of that but:  1780... I think not.
> We are talking about Jane Austen and England not Josephine and France.
> Fashions at that time (for men) were set by George and Beau Brummel.
> The women's clothes may reflect French fashions (when do they not?) but
> early 19th Century not 18th Century.
>
1810 was the point at which Parliament finally acceded to Prinny's urgent
wish to be made permanent regent with full royal prerogatives, as George III
was not only probably terminally mad but getting very old and blind.
However, he had been temporary regent several times before, when the king
had had earlier attacks of porphyria (which, interestingly enough,
apparently afflicted Prinny too and several of his brothers).
However, if we are discussing dress styles, i.e, the high-waisted late
18th early 19th style, I think the French revolution (and
classical antiquity) was the inspiration behind the proletarianizing of
both men's and women's clothes in the late 18th century. The men
imitated the working men's long trousers, and the women adopted the
chemise as the basic look. The waist had been rising in the early 1790's
and about 1795 women started wearing the formfollowing high waisted
unpetticoated underwear look. It lasted until about 1820, when the
waistline started sneaking back in. And the rest is vapours for several
decades.

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 22 Nov 1996 09:28:51 -0800
From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
Subject: Re: regency, give or take

Dorothy Stein wrote:
>
> > The Regency period can said
> > to extend a few years on either side of that but:  1780... I think not.
> > We are talking about Jane Austen and England not Josephine and France.
> > Fashions at that time (for men) were set by George and Beau Brummel.
> > The women's clothes may reflect French fashions (when do they not?) but
> > early 19th Century not 18th Century.
> >
> 1810 was the point at which Parliament finally acceded to Prinny's urgent
> wish to be made permanent regent with full royal prerogatives, as George III
> was not only probably terminally mad but getting very old and blind.
> However, he had been temporary regent several times before, when the king
> had had earlier attacks of porphyria (which, interestingly enough,
> apparently afflicted Prinny too and several of his brothers).
> However, if we are discussing dress styles, i.e, the high-waisted late
> 18th early 19th style, I think the French revolution (and
> classical antiquity) was the inspiration behind the proletarianizing of
> both men's and women's clothes in the late 18th century. The men
> imitated the working men's long trousers, and the women adopted the
> chemise as the basic look. The waist had been rising in the early 1790's
> and about 1795 women started wearing the formfollowing high waisted
> unpetticoated underwear look. It lasted until about 1820, when the
> waistline started sneaking back in. And the rest is vapours for several
> decades.

My reference works tell me that the French adpoted English styles after
the French Revolution.  (Millia Contotini: FASHION,  etc.)
It is often hard to trace where things come from - but the important
thing is to look at the styles themselves.
~!~ R.L. Shep

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 22 Nov 1996 15:27:27 MST
From:    Lyssa/Maggie Griggs <mgriggs@SHEPARDS.COM>
Subject: Glove References needed

Greetings all!

I've been given a wonderful gift:  a hand stitched replica of elizabethan
leather gloves.  The stipulation on the gift was that I had to finish the
cuffs myself.  (Oh, and not wear the _really_ awful ones I'd had on with the
dress.  :)  I'd like to be able to finish these off well and complement the
lovely work which has already gone into them.  Can anyone offer any tips or
books which will give me enough info to attempt this project?

Thanks!

Lyssa

mgriggs@shepards.com or Lyssa@kktv.com
http://www.usa.net/~norseman/costume.html

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 22 Nov 1996 23:17:43 -0500
From:    "Kimberly R. Gilbert" <kgilbert@BLUEMARBLE.NET>
Subject: sources of wool for French & Indian reenactment?

As you may have guessed from the subject line, we're looking for
some sources of wool for a French & Indian War reenactment group.
The colors we need are Madder Red and Navy Blue.  We're looking
for a source that has the most authentic fabric at the least
expensive price.  Sorry if I'm a little vague about specifics,
I'm new to the group and am more or less passing on the request.
Any help on this would be greatly appreciated.

--Kimberly
kgilbert@bluemarble.net

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 22 Nov 1996 23:42:10 -0500
From:    "Penny E. Ladnier" <s0peladn@EROLS.COM>
Subject: Victorian Girl's Dress

Victorian Fans,

I took a pattern today from a Kate Greenaway 1890's girl's dress today.  Who
is Kate Greenaway?

Penny
Penny E. Ladnier, Virginia Commonwealth University
s0peladn@erols.com
http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/2157
member:
Costume Society of America
American Fashion Council
Association for Information Systems Professionals

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 21 Nov 1996 to 22 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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Subject:  H-COSTUME Digest - 22 Nov 1996 to 23 Nov 1996
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There are 6 messages totalling 240 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. Glove References needed
  2. A book about Elizabethan dress?
  3. Burgundy 1450 (2)
  4. Dyeing
  5. Weaving sources?

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 23 Nov 1996 01:59:41 EST
From:    Charlene Charette <72430.224@COMPUSERVE.COM>
Subject: Glove References needed

>>>
I've been given a wonderful gift:  a hand stitched replica of elizabethan
leather gloves.  [snip]   Can anyone offer any tips or books which will give me
enough info to attempt this project?
>>>

If photos of existing gloves from the period will help, look for _A Pictorial
History of Embroidery_ by Muller-Christensen and Schuette.  It's available as an
English translation of the original German (although it's mostly pictures).
Even our little library has a copy.  This is a wonderful book for anyone
interested in historical needlework.

--Charlene

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 23 Nov 1996 09:26:48 +2
From:    Ella Lynoure Rajamaki <lynoure@CLINET.FI>
Subject: A book about Elizabethan dress?

I am planning to make an Elizabethan costume (female, noble or
middle class) for myself and as I do not have any good book
about the subject, I'd like to know which is the best book for
the job (preferably with some kind of pattern pieces or such).
Any other hints would also be welcome.


                                TIA

Ella Lynoure Rajamaki-----------*      lynoure@clinet.fi   *
--------------------------------*http://www.iki.fi/~lynoure*
a USENETer. (It's _use_net, not _spam_net!)

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 23 Nov 1996 10:14:04 +0100
From:    Nils Svangard <hrafn@KUAI.SE>
Subject: Burgundy 1450

Hello,
Well I'm new to this list and I'd better start with a hard question
woudln't I? ;) Anyay, currently we're a little reenactment society in
sweden who are targeting the 1450:ies of Burgundy (mainly the french
"part") and we have some problems considering the clothes. For the past
1-2 month we've done as much research as we could and have come up with
quite alot of information, the hard thing is that most of it contradicts
each other :(. So what I am wonering is if someone out there has knolwedge
about this, and especially if you have really tried to make a copy of
them. Or perhaps a pointer to some interesting source of information.

TIA, Hrafn

--
Finger me for even _more_ information. ;)
  __________________    ___      __________________    ____________________
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------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 22 Nov 1996 22:15:01 PST
From:    Dennis Allen Carr <outlander!ke6isf@CCSS.COM>
Subject: Re: Dyeing

I saw this on the fantasy costume list - somebody might want to help this
one out.  Fa! =)

Skyrider <Skyrider@studbox.uni-stuttgart.de> writes:

> Hello out there!
>
> I want to sew a mediaeval dress of a natural material such as linen or
> cotton. As I want it to look as real as possible I'd like to dye it
> myself in old techniques. Does anyone out there know, how you dye without
> modern chemical colours? The colours I would prefer are some kind of
> green or a dark red, but I would be grateful for any kind of tips.
>
> Thank you
> Skyrider
> --
>    _______   _    _  _      _  ___     _   _____      ______   _____
>  / _______\ | | / /  \ \  / / |  _ \  | | |  ___ \   |  ____| | __  \
> | |_____    | |/ /    \ \/ /  | |_| | | | | |   \ \  | |__    | |_| |
>  \_____  \  |   |      \  /   |    /  | | | |    | | |  __|   |     /
>  ______|  | | |\ \     / /    | |\ \  | | | |___/ /  | |____  | |\ \
> \_______ /  |_| \_\   /_/     |_| \_\ |_| |_____ /   |______| |_| \_\
>                       May the Force be with you.
>                           Have an ICE day!!
>
>
>  _________________________________________________________________
>  To leave this mailing list, send mail to majordomo@world.std.com
>  with the message UNSUBSCRIBE F-COSTUME


---
Dennis Allen Carr
KE6ISF
outlander!ke6isf@ccss.com

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 23 Nov 1996 08:23:36 -0700
From:    "Morgan E. Smith" <mesmith@FREENET.CALGARY.AB.CA>
Subject: Re: Weaving sources?

This is a tricky problem. I have found sources for documentation of which
particular weaving patterns go with which particular periods to be sketchy
at best. I think this is because weavers, being for most of the Middle
Ages, at least, largely illiterate, there was no need to write much down.
Information was passed mainly from person to person, and within guilds, a
lot would have been kept "secret".
 However, you need not keep to plain weave: there are enough examples of
cloth to make some decisions.
1) Twill patterns are period, indeed, there are examples from as early as
the Hallstatt site.
2) This is only an opinion, but I think that many of the fabrics we think
of as "brocade" from the sixteenth century are probably twill combination
patterns. I did some chair covers in a pattern like this and most people
do percieve it as a brocade.
3) Overshots of more than two blocks don't seem to have any solid
documentation before the 17th century. I would be a little wary of using
this if you want to be totally documentable.
  There is a great book for 4-harness loom weavers that has scads of
patterns (no doc. in our sense of the word, so you still must do some
research): "A Handweavers Pattern Book" by Marguerite Porter Davison,
0-9603172-0-1, available, I believe, through Interweave Press.
Morgan

On Thu, 21 Nov 1996, Susan Evans wrote:

>
>   Can anyone recommend sources for textiles for the 16th century?  I've
> been weaving a while and want to make a more authentic piece of garb.  I
> know what types of threads to use but I don't have any pattern drafts for
> the weave of the fabric.  I'd like to make something other than plain
> weave, if possible.
>
> Sue Evans
>

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 23 Nov 1996 12:55:35 -0500
From:    aleed <aleed@DNACO.NET>
Subject: Re: Burgundy 1450

I've found the best book on burgundian costume to be  The History of
Costume:  Europe 1400-1500 by Margaret Scott.  I've only come across one
copy of it, and haven't been able to find another, but the book is
fantastic--Margaret goes through the century in 5 year increments,
documenting changes in styles and fashions, and supporting everything with
primary evidence--and she includes tons and tons of pictures of period
paintings, etc.  If you can find it, It's the best resource you can have.


Drea

On Sat, 23 Nov 1996, Nils Svangard wrote:

> Hello,
> Well I'm new to this list and I'd better start with a hard question
> woudln't I? ;) Anyay, currently we're a little reenactment society in
> sweden who are targeting the 1450:ies of Burgundy (mainly the french
> "part") and we have some problems considering the clothes. For the past
> 1-2 month we've done as much research as we could and have come up with
> quite alot of information, the hard thing is that most of it contradicts
> each other :(. So what I am wonering is if someone out there has knolwedge
> about this, and especially if you have really tried to make a copy of
> them. Or perhaps a pointer to some interesting source of information.
>
> TIA, Hrafn
>
> --
> Finger me for even _more_ information. ;)
>   __________________    ___      __________________    ____________________
>  ///\                \/     \  ///\                 \/                     \
> (((((|                  ##  | (((((| Main programmer of:           ##      |
>  \\\\|  Hrafn aka:     ###  |  \\\\|                -Space-       ####     |
>       > Nils Svangard      <       |   ##          -Raiders-     ####      |
>      |  Vasterlanggatan 20  |      |  [a MU R3D strategic space/wargame]   |                               #    <
>      |  S-111 29 STOCKHOLM  |       > by Vagabond Software Design (VSD)    |
>      |  SWEDEN              |      |   WWW: http://www.canit.se/~tengu     |
>      |  Phone: +46 8 109597 |      |                                   ##  |
>       > EMail: hrafn@kuai.se|       > Also involved in: P. Enigma/AdvPrj # |
>      |        (hrafn@abc.se)|      |     a R3D graphical fantasy MUD.  ### |
>      |  # ____________________     | ## _____________________    ____________
>      | ## )))))))))))))))))))))    |  # ))))))))))))))))))))))\/))))))))))))))
>       \__/////////////////////      \__//////////////////////////////////////
>                 [This space is for rent, contact me ;)]
>   _________________    _____________________________________________    ___
>  ///\               \/                                               \/     \
> (((((|      Also: Theoretical physicist, Amateur Jester (Juggling et.c.),    |
>  \\\\|             Medieval Anachronist, and a lot of other things.          |
>      |    ____________________________________________________________________
>      |    )))))))))))))))))))))))))\/))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))
>       \__/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
>
>            Homepage can (soon) be found at: http://www.kuai.se/~hrafn.
>
>      o               o                                                 o
>     / \ Stockholms    \                                                 \
>    / S \ Gycklar       \  "Homepage" at: http://www.kuai.se/~hrafn/sgg   \
>   / G G \ Gille, SGG    \                                                 \
>  o-------o               o                                                 o
>

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 22 Nov 1996 to 23 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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There are 7 messages totalling 195 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. H-COSTUME Digest - 22 Nov 1996 to 23 Nov 1996
  2. out of town & off line
  3. 1905 accessories
  4. Hair styles for many periods (2)
  5. Porcelain
  6. Kate Greenaway dress

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 24 Nov 1996 13:26:58 -0500
From:    Lisa Bauer <PiranhaBB@AOL.COM>
Subject: Re: H-COSTUME Digest - 22 Nov 1996 to 23 Nov 1996

Hi H-costumers,

I am in the position finally, of having some extra dough, and would like to
have a costume made for me. Does anyone know if the costumers (actual
sempstering, foundation, millinery, and cobblery) of say, Merchant Ivory or
the like, do non-movie work? I'm not talking about renting or buying
something already made, but having it made. Otherwise, if there are any
professional period seamstress out there in h-costume land who could help me
out, drop me a line. Access to period silks, laces, and fabrics, shoes, and
accessories (non-vintage) is a plus.  I'm in Southern California, West LA to
be exact.
I want something very historically accurate, from the skin out. My design. I
want chemise, corset, corset cover, hoop/crinoline, petticoats, skirt,
bodice, mantle, hat/bonnet. Period is mid-Victorian. Does not have to be
hand-sewn, except where/if necessary. I have all the books, ideas, sketches,
etc. but don't have the sewing time (or really inclination, *gasp*) anymore
to do it myself. I'm also thinking about something Regency as well.
In addition, does anyone have a good source for real kid gloves with buttons
in various colors? Not the ones with really skinny fingers, though.
Please answer me off the list as I don't always have time to read the whole
digest.
Regards,
Lisa

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 24 Nov 1996 11:06:43 -0800
From:    Gwyn Carnegie <gcarnegi@MAIL2.QUIKNET.COM>
Subject: out of town & off line

Hello everyone-

I'll be in Hong Kong and possibly southern China for business for 1 or 2
weeks.  I'll be off line during that time.

 Thanks to everyone for the replies on the Rossetti book.  I should be able
to catch up with my mail after my return.


Gwyn Carnegie

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 24 Nov 1996 14:06:34 -0500
From:    Roxy Barber <X90BARBER11@WMICH.EDU>
Subject: 1905 accessories

I'm working on a centennial project at the university I attend and need to
find (locally, Kalamazoo Michigan, USA) accessories for men or women
suiitable to the fall season 1905. These will be used in a case for display
only. We are thinking gloves, hat etc.. The display has to do with a public
meeting discussing how to attract a Normal school to our city. It is not
about costume, but the accessories are an extra touch. We would appreciate
any suggestions as to WHAT to look for, how to identify what is of the
correct period, what NOT to use, and any ideas beyond antique stores
and the local museum for sources.

thank-you, thank-you!

Roxy Barber
x90barber11@wmich.edu

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 24 Nov 1996 15:33:41 -0500
From:    Mara Riley <corbie@RADIX.NET>
Subject: Hair styles for many periods

Heather Meadows writes,  (somewhere around Nov 2 -- I'm catching up on old
e-mail):
"I'm looking for sources for styling *long* hair
for all the periods I re-enact in - 1560-1950.
I've mostly dealt with the issue by hiding my hair
before, but I'm trying to keep the look more complete -
I'm especially having a hard time with the 1920's - 50's
when shorter hair was fashionable... I *know* some women
kept their hair full length and just made it look shorter
somehow."

Have you seen 'Henry and June'?  (The actress playing) Anais Nin has
below-shoulder-length hair -- reaches to the mid-shoulder-blades, I
think... (when it's let down, it does look a little thin, so if you have
thick hair this might not work).  She puts it up into a nice, neat little
figure-eight bun at the nape of her neck, and looks quite stylish in the
'20s styles.  (or is that '30s?  It's been a while since I saw the movie.)

I have also managed to get my hair to go into a little bun at the nape of
my neck, but leave enough slack in my hair that it almost looks like a bob.

Another period movie would be 'Chariots of Fire.'  I can't remember the
name of the actress that Harold Abramson dates in the movie, but she has
long hair in the back.  In the front, her hair is long enough to come down
to her chin; I'm not sure how it's styled.  Bangs of that length would be
very versatile, since they're long enough to be pinned back and stay when
wearing older hair styles.

Since my memories of these movies are a bit on the fuzzy side, it might be
worth renting the movies to have a closer look....

Corbie

-------------------------------------------------------
Q: How many Vorlons does it take to change a lightbulb?
A: Yes.

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 24 Nov 1996 21:56:06 -0500
From:    Kirk Albrecht M311 <M311@AOL.COM>
Subject: Porcelain

Was this the list that had a porcelain question?  It was about how long
porcelain was around.
I found documentation; from the CD- Eyewitness History of the World.
Porcelain has been around 1200yrs.  During the Ning Dynisty from 1368 - 1644
it was distingushed by blue and white painted designs.  In the 1500's it was
exported to the middle east, Europe, and Africa.
I hope this helps the person who was wanting to know.  I beleive the were
asking about dolls in partular.  It doesn't say when dolls started being made
this way.
Kelly Albrecht
m311@aol.com

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 24 Nov 1996 22:38:46 -0600
From:    Heather Lorraine McGlaughlin <hmcglaug@SUNSET.BACKBONE.OLEMISS.EDU>
Subject: Re: Hair styles for many periods

> >Heather Meadows writes,  (somewhere around Nov 2 -- I'm catching up on old
> >e-mail):
> >"I'm looking for sources for styling *long* hair
> >for all the periods I re-enact in - 1560-1950.
> >I've mostly dealt with the issue by hiding my hair
> >before, but I'm trying to keep the look more complete -
> >I'm especially having a hard time with the 1920's - 50's
> >when shorter hair was fashionable... I *know* some women
> >kept their hair full length and just made it look shorter
> >somehow."
> >

Have you tried "Women's Headdress and Hairstyles (in England from AD 600
to the present day)  by Georgine de Courtais?  Published by BT Batsford,
London, 1973.   ISBN  0-7134-0858-8.  I costume opera theater here at the
University, as well as play in the SCA, and I think this is a great little
book.  Our university library had it, so you probably could get it on
interlibrary loan if all else fails.


Good luck!!


Heather

<hmcglaug@olemiss.edu>

------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 24 Nov 1996 23:49:26 -0500
From:    "Penny E. Ladnier" <s0peladn@EROLS.COM>
Subject: Kate Greenaway dress

Thanks to all the people who responded to my question as to who Kate
Greenaway is/was.

Next Question????
Was there a fashion of making girls dresses similiar to her illustrations
during the 1890's?  The dress was not store bought.  It is beautiful with a
mid line u-shaped neckline (front and back) surrounded with three tears of
ruffles.  It has a high waistline and 3/4 length skirt.

I am having the dress photographed tomorrow, drafting the pattern Wed., and
making it for my daughter's Christmas dress thereafter.  All of this will be
on my web page after
Dec. 10th.  So you can go into my page and print out the pattern.

THREE MORE WEEKS UNTIL THE SEMESTER ENDS & counting...
Penny



Penny E. Ladnier, Virginia Commonwealth University
s0peladn@erols.com
http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/2157
member:
Costume Society of America
American Fashion Council
Association for Information Systems Professionals

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 23 Nov 1996 to 24 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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From: Automatic digest processor <LISTSERV@BROWNVM.brown.edu>
Subject:  H-COSTUME Digest - 24 Nov 1996 to 25 Nov 1996
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There are 11 messages totalling 837 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. 1150-1550AD
  2. Coathardies for Women (2)
  3. Hoping White Christmas counts as historic...
  4. H-COSTUME Digest - 20 Nov 1996 to 21 Nov 1996 (2)
  5. Dying straw
  6. Dying straw -Reply
  7. UNSUSCRIBE
  8. Ladies Caps
  9. Dolls

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Sun, 24 Nov 1996 22:59:43 +0000
From:    "J. G." <felan@CONCENTRIC.NET>
Subject: 1150-1550AD

Dear persons,
hello to one and all,
I am looking for pictures of people in costumes that are appropriate for
the time period 1150-1550 AD from countries that would have been known
well by france and england durring that time...(please enclose a name of
the person if it is a picture of yourself or a friend)
Also if anyone has patterns for such clothing that are on the computer
or directions for making clothing from that period I would welcome them
greatly.
Thank you for your time and patience...
Have a good day...

Sussan

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 25 Nov 1996 08:56:56 -0600
From:    Jane Bretz <jane.bretz@WCOM.COM>
Subject: Coathardies for Women

I am an SCA member and have been doing 14 century costuming for
some time.  I have found a few good sources on the subject, and I would
like to know what people think about an typical argument on construction.

  Several people, who are supposed to be SCA experts in that period,
have told me that they used princess seaming around the bust to acheive
the fit.  I find that this is inconsistant, as you should have seen that
construction in later period garments.  I have been able to acheive the
proper fit (large bust included) with a seam down the middle, with proper
cutting.  Does anyone have good documentation for either method?  I am
open to changing my mind on this if I could see real documentation.  I
would like to also know any good books on this period, as they are
scarce.

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 25 Nov 1996 12:07:44 +0000
From:    Hope Greenberg <hag@ZOO.UVM.EDU>
Subject: Hoping White Christmas counts as historic...

Hi -

I hope 1955 counts as historic enough! Even if not, I have a question
that someone here can probably answer. In the Crosby/Kaye movie "White
Christmas" (not "Holiday Inn" the one that originally had the song but
the later version with Rosemary Cloony and Vera Ellen) the final scene
features two stunning Christmas dresses. Can anyone tell me what they
are made of?
They don't quite look like satin--they move more like velvet but are
fairly shiny. They also have some white trim that may or may not be fur
and decoration that may be sequins. If anyone out there has seen the
movie and is good at determining fabric over video, I would appreciate
any suggestions.

Thanks!

- Hope

------------
Hope Greenberg
University of Vermont
http://www.uvm.edu/~hag

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 25 Nov 1996 12:25:24 GMT
From:    TEDDY <TEDDY1@MDX.AC.UK>
Subject: Re: H-COSTUME Digest - 20 Nov 1996 to 21 Nov 1996

> From:    Lisa Leong <lisaleon@HAWAII.EDU>

> This may not be the one Teddy has in mind but in Jane Ashelford's _Dress
> in the Age of Elizabeth I_, on p. 75 there is a picture of Arabella Stuart
> (1577) and the following accompanying text:
>
> "It also seems likely that fashion dolls were circulating in England, for
> it was a method of passing on information that was used as early as 1396
> at the French court, when records show that a tailor was paid for making a
> doll's wardrobe.  A direct reference to the existence of fashion dolls in
> England occurs during the trial in November 1615...<snip>  Fashion dolls
> were probably handed down to children when they had served their purpose,
> and a likely example of this use can be seen in a 1577 portrait of
> Arabella Stuart, aged 23 months, which depicts her holding a very
> sophisticated doll wearing a highly detailed costume of the mid 1560s."
>
> No mention of how they dolls were made, tho'.

That's the one.  I recognize the text!


> Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 09:59:04 -0500
> From:    Susan Carroll-Clark <sclark@CHASS.UTORONTO.CA>
> Subject: Re: Fashion dolls
>
> Greetings!
>
> I helped a friend of mine research and document (as much as she could
> in a couple of weeks--she kept putting it off) the 16th century fashion
> dolls for an SCA arts and sciences comp.  There are only a couple of extant
> examples, but there are also a couple of portraits that show 'em.  The
> theory is that the dolls were a way for tailors to show the latest fashions
> to their customers--there is an extant letter that mentions a lady sending
> one to a tailor for dressing.  I'd love to hear more info on the
> extant example, if anyone has it.  It apparently was made of cloth,
> with an embroidered face--not really "rough", although perhaps a bit
> "primitive".  We'd love to know, for instance, how the clothes were
> attached--it was my own theory that the clothes were probably sewn right
> to the doll, and the doll was not meant to be "dressed and undressed"--this
> likely meant it did not have a complete set of underclothes, including
> corset.  (My friend's Laurel wanted her to do something more akin to a
> period Barbie doll, with interchangeable clothes;  my poor friend got the
> doll only half-finished, with a petticoat and chemise her only clothing,
> as a result...)
>
>   It is thought that the dolls were perhaps given to children after they had
> served their purpose.
>
> As I said, any further info would be gleefully sucked up.  She had
> real problems finding any scholarly sources on dolls beyond one or two;
> unlike me, she's not the kind of person who knows how to dig for such sources.
>
> Cheers--
> Susan Carroll-Clark
> sclark@chass.utoronto.ca
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 10:15:57 -0600
> From:    "Sandra L. Waldrop" <swaldrop@PRAIRIENET.ORG>
> Subject: Re: American Girls Dolls
>
> They also sell patterns, fairly accurate, for the various eras.  My
> daughter has one of their "custom" dolls, where you can choose from an
> assortment of eye colors, skin tones, hair color, etc.  Mary Katherine
> (the doll) looks a lot like my daughter, and accompanies us to Civil War
> reenactments.  The construction of the doll is not quite right for the
> 1860's, but we have some patterns and I can actually get Chellie to
> sit and sew for 30-45 minutes at a time.  Anything that can make a 7 year
> old sit still for a little while and be constructive is a good thing.
>
> Sandy Waldrop
> swaldrop@prairienet.org
>
> On Tue, 19 Nov 1996 Stacey_Weinberger_at_WADSWORTH.WADSWORTH@CABELSMTP.WADSWORTH.COM wrote:
>
> > New Text Item:  Re: Dolls
> >
> > Unfortunately there isn't a 16th century doll, but have any of you seen the
> > American Girls dolls?  There is a 1774, 1854, 1864, 1904, amd 1954 doll.  They
> > are accurate from the inside out, from panier, chemise, garters, cage
> > crinolines, stockings, as well as dresses, and accessories.  Pretty neat!
> >
> > Stacey
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 11:15:21 -0800
> From:    Conrad Hodson <conradh@EFN.ORG>
> Subject: Re: Flame retardent solutions
>
> Margaret Weller here---
>  Someone asked several days ago about flame retardant solutions made with
> boric acid.  I did not see a reply (but sometime I miss things), so I am
> sending the one that I have from the Oregon State University Extension
> Service
> .
> MAKING FABRICS FLAME RESISTANT
>
> Flame-retardant solutions usually cause a slight stiffening of the treated
> fabric, which becomes somewhat heavier.  However, these solutions cause no
> appreciable change in the feel or color of the material.  Treated garments
> will not injure or irritate the skin.
>
> Treatment may lessen the fiber strength of materials when they are stored
> for long periods. SOLUTION A, described in the following section, has
> least effect on fiber strength. *Repeat Treatment After Each Laundering!*
>
> PREPARING SOLUTIONS
> Chemicals can be purchased at most drug or grocery stores.  Commercial
> grades give as good results as more expensive pharmaceutical grades.
>
> Solution A
>
> Borax------------------7oz
> Boric Acid (Granular)--3oz
> Water (hot)------------2qts
>
> Dissolve boric acid by making a paste with a small quantity of water.  Add
> this and the borax to water.  Stir until the solution is clear.
>
> Warm the solution if it becomes cloudy or jelly-like from standing.
> Fabrics treated with Solution A do not flame when exposed to fire.  Glow
> lasts about 30 seconds.
>
> this solution does not appreciably weaken fabric, even after treated
> fabric has been stored 6 or 8 months.
>
> Materials treated with it may lose their flame resistance in time.
> Re-treat within a year.
>
> Use Solution A for garments and other household fabrics, except those made
> of rayon or resin-treated cotton--sometimes called crushproof,
> wrinkleproof, or wash-and-wear.  (Note: one of the other solutions on the
> list I have is recommended for these fabrics)
>
> Note: There are three other solutions listed on my handout.  This is the
> best all-around solution, but, as it says, not universal. If there is
> interest I can enter the rest of the document for the list, or send to
> interested individuals.
>
> Margaret Weller
> email: conradh@efn.org
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 13:18:56 -0600
> From:    Noelle Nicol <Noelle_Nicol@DGII.COM>
> Subject: Re: Sense and Sensibility
>
> Forgive my ignorance,  but I thought Regency *was* late 18th cent. ??   The
> fashion was insopired by Josephine Bonaparte while Napolean ruled France.  My
> memory may be  failing me,  but I thought that was around 1780-ish?
>
> Yours,
>
> NSN
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 15:15:13 -0500
> From:    Sharron Fina <sfina@RETINA.ANATOMY.UPENN.EDU>
> Subject: Doll history
>
> To those who are interested:
>
>     Try the website for Ashton Drake, a major collector doll company (that
> knows me all too well) http://www.ashtondrake.com/kitchen.html and click
> on history.  It gives a thumbnail history of dolls, their uses and
> material make-up over the centuries.
>
> Sharron Fina
> sfina@retina.anatomy.upenn.edu
> Department of Neuroscience
> University of Pennsylvania
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 12:54:03 -0800
> From:    "R.L. Shep" <shepgibb@MCN.ORG>
> Subject: Re: Sense and Sensibility
>
> Noelle Nicol wrote:
> >
> > Forgive my ignorance,  but I thought Regency *was* late 18th cent. ??   The
> > fashion was insopired by Josephine Bonaparte while Napolean ruled France.  My
> > memory may be  failing me,  but I thought that was around 1780-ish?
> >
> > Yours,
> >
> > NSN
>
> Aside from anything else (I, forgive me, do not like Jane Austen,
> neither in print or in film) George (later IV) became Regent in 1811
> (because George III was visiably mad) and was Regent until 1820 when he
> became King in his own right = George IV.  The Regency period can said
> to extend a few years on either side of that but:  1780... I think not.
> We are talking about Jane Austen and England not Josephine and France.
> Fashions at that time (for men) were set by George and Beau Brummel.
> The women's clothes may reflect French fashions (when do they not?) but
> early 19th Century not 18th Century.
>
> :-)))))
>
> ~!~ R.L. Shep
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Date:    Fri, 22 Nov 1996 11:08:41 +1100
> From:    Greg & Jocelyn House <house@MACQUARIE.MATRA.COM.AU>
> Subject: Re: Sense and Sensibility
>
> >Forgive my ignorance,  but I thought Regency *was* late 18th cent. ??   The
> >fashion was insopired by Josephine Bonaparte while Napolean ruled France.  My
> >memory may be  failing me,  but I thought that was around 1780-ish?
> >
> >Yours,
> >
> >NSN
>
> Actually the French Revolution didn't take place until 1789.  Then during
> the ninties there was the rule of the Committee for Public Safety and after
> that Napoleon came on the scene in the late nineties.  I believe his first
> successful campaign was in 1797.  Considering that his defeat at Waterloo
> took place in 1815, the majority of his time was in the early nineteenth
> century.
>
> As far as the dress of this time goes I seem to remember hearing (though I
> can't vouch for the veracity of this) that the French at the time were
> basing their designs on those of Ancient Rome (it is said that Napoleon saw
> himself as the successor of the Roman Emperors) and as a consequence the
> English based theirs on that of Ancient Greece.
>
> Jocelyn House
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 17:21:15 +0000
> From:    Leslie H <leslieh@CANFIELD.COM>
> Subject: What century did you say this is?
>
> Two ideas about the century problem.
>
> 1.  Appalling as it may be, some people are living entirely in the
> now (or, more incomprehensibly, in the future) and really have no
> grasp of the correct sequencing.  Many of them work for the press.
> SOME of them are probably correcting what they think are errors in
> the submitted reviews of the film.  Go ahead, be paranoid about this.
> I am.
>
> 2.  The offenders may be afflicted with whatever learning disability
> it is that makes this kind of calculating difficult.  For you, it may
> not be a calculation.  However, I have to stop and reason it out
> EVERY TIME.  My brain just can't associate the pairs; 1800s equals
> nineteenth centery, etc.  Actually, people with learning disabilities
> are starting to outnumber those without (pretty soon we'll have to
> have special classes for the normally abled!?) and some of them
> just won't remember to struggle with it.
>
> {Hey Erin--I can't wait to start on the next play.  Remember
> to get your grommet setter back from the studio--you'll have to ask me
> where it is (and then I'll have to find it).}
>
> Larisa
> or
> Leslie
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Date:    Fri, 27 Sep 1996 13:55:35 -0700
> From:    Christine Gilbreath <christyg@CWNET.COM>
> Subject: Re: Linen thread
>
> Hi
>
> Linen thread is also used in book binding, lace making and leather
> working. You might follow those leads to find it also.
>
> Here's what I found on the web on a quick search.
>
> Fiber & Pulp
>
> P.O. Box 9
> Jackson, Wyoming 83001
>
> Tel: (307) 734-2599
> E-mail: fiberpulp@aol.com
> http://www.wyoming. com/~hanson/fiberpulp.shl
>
> Fiber & Pulp sells binding supplies such as linen thread and tape, PVA,
> and bone folders, and has a large selection of Japanese, Thai, Indian,
> and various other papers. They also offer workshops of many kinds, which
> include everything from how to make a portfolio, album, or piano hinge
> book to rubber stamping.
> ****
>
> http://www.uidaho.edu/~paulineb/suppliers.html
>
> Lots of bookmaking suppliers
>
> ****
>
> http://www.arachne.com/lace_sources.us.html
>
> Lace and tatting supplies
>
> ****
>
>         Christy
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 21:01:15 EST
> From:    "Sandra J. Westergren" <74133.704@COMPUSERVE.COM>
> Subject: dolls
>
> Greetings
>
>         In the SCA I made a stuffed doll for an auction.  It was also entered in
> the Pennsic A&S Champions point at Pennsic 19.  Althought the head was really a
> rabbit's (long story there), the body was stuffed cotton, about 20" tall, and it
> was dressed from the skin out in Elizabethan.   Stockings, garters, chemise,
> boned corset, bumroll, reed hoop skirt, petticoats, beaded forepart, pearled
> cartridge pleated overskirt, pearled boned bodice, tied in sleeves, partlet,
> neck and wrist ruffs. jewelry, girder with pomander, pillbox hat, feather fan.
> It was a joy to do and I truely was sad to give it up.  But. . . .
>         Except for the composition of the body and head, it was an elaborate
> period fashion doll.
>         From doing research at that time I discovered the following:
> today's toys often began as yesterday's fashion dolls
> fashion dolls date from the 1400's
> bodies were usually primitive (wood, clay, rags, leather bags filled with bran
> or sawdust)  bodice was conical
>         as was the skirt (no legs)
> a 1567 publication notes a procedure for molding dolls using paper pulp, sawdust
> and arsenic and pressing
>         it into hollow moulds.  As of 1564, this was being shipped from Germany
> to England and France
>         (sounds similier to paper mache)
> a doll in the Royal Armoury Collection in Stockholm, 1590, has a body of wire
> armature covered in silk thread
>         Real hair is braided and attached to the head.  The face is embroidered.
> one woodcut, probably late 16th or early 17th by the look of the fashions, shows
> a woman and child at a toy
>         merchants booth, which features _lots_ of dolls
>
>         I believe a reference earlier was to a portrait from Ashleford's 'Dress
> in the Age of Elizabeth I' showing a little girl, Arabella Stuart dated 1577,
> holding a wonderful doll.  The costume on the doll is accurate.  The head shows
> great detail, although no indication of materials used.
>
>         Sorry this got long.  If anyone wishes references from my bibligraphy,
> please contact me.
>
> Trying to find time to do more dolls. . . . . .
> Sandy Westergren
> Minneapolis Minnesota
> SCA  -  Mistress Cassandra of the Western Green
> Nordskogen - Northshield - Middle
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 23:18:01 -0500
> From:    Rebecca Marler <Rlmarler@AOL.COM>
> Subject: Re: Sense and Sensibility
>
> Publishing dates:
> _Pride and Prejudice_ first offered to the publisher under the title _First
> Impression_ in November 1797;
>
> _Sense and Sensibility_, documentation shows that it was written in its
> earliest form in 1795 through letters, more of a novel in 1797;
>
> _Northanger Abbey_, written under the title _Susan_, from 1798-9 and sold to
> the publisher in 1803, not printed until a year before the author's death.
>
> R
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Date:    Thu, 21 Nov 1996 23:22:57 -0500
> From:    COakley@AOL.COM
> Subject: Re: Dolls
>
> I don't believe I've seen any garbed Barbies at events hereabouts (Illinois),
> but I am aware of a few stuffed animals with excellent wardrobes, including a
> family  of Wild Thing dolls with both Viking and 13th-c. heraldic garb.
>  (Lord Wild also owns quite an arsenal of miniature weapons.)  Hardly
> "Period," but cute!                                                     :)>
>                                                              Kate Oakley
>
> ------------------------------
>
> End of H-COSTUME Digest - 20 Nov 1996 to 21 Nov 1996
> ****************************************************
>
Teddy
teddy1@mdx.ac.uk
                                              ======================
Bibliographical Services Dept.               * If a costume's worth *
Middlesex University                         * making, it's worth   *
Bounds Green Road                            * making well enough   *
London, N11 2NQ                              * for every-day wear.  *
England                                       ======================
Tel No.(0181) 362 6405

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 25 Nov 1996 12:26:49 GMT
From:    TEDDY <TEDDY1@MDX.AC.UK>
Subject: Re: H-COSTUME Digest - 20 Nov 1996 to 21 Nov 1996

SORRY!  I posted a reply without deleting the rest of the text I was
quoting from.  It means I'll have reposted most of a digest!

Teddy
teddy1@mdx.ac.uk
                                              ======================
Bibliographical Services Dept.               * If a costume's worth *
Middlesex University                         * making, it's worth   *
Bounds Green Road                            * making well enough   *
London, N11 2NQ                              * for every-day wear.  *
England                                       ======================
Tel No.(0181) 362 6405

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 25 Nov 1996 10:58:03 PST
From:    Loren Dearborn <Loren_Dearborn@CASMAIL.CALACADEMY.ORG>
Subject: Dying straw

          I've got a straw hat I'd love to dye. I've heard you can use
          RIT to dye straw but haven't found any info on how to do it.
          Does anyone know how to do this?  Thanks in advance...

          Cheers,

          Loren Dearborn
          ldearborn@calacademy.org

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 25 Nov 1996 12:51:04 -0600
From:    Jane Bretz <jane.bretz@WCOM.COM>
Subject: Coathardies for Women

As several of you have asked.  I do French costuming only.  Actually,
when I was deciding to do English or French if found one great
distinction between the two that may be of some interest.  The English
tended to put slits (like pockets) in their surcoats to have access to the
things they carry on their belts, (i.e. purse, scissors).  The French did not
carry things with them in that manner, considering that a job for
serverants.  I decided I carried enough around during the week.  Thought
Someone might find that interesting.

Thanks!
Jane Bretz
SCA: Beatrice d'Angoueme

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 25 Nov 1996 13:37:37 -0600
From:    Jane Bretz <jane.bretz@WCOM.COM>
Subject: Dying straw -Reply

I would not dye straw with Rit dye.  A friend of mine dyed some straw
for doing peasent type embrodery on Elizabethen costuming.  The hot
water can break down the straw too much.  As this is also a modern
constructed hat, it is reasonable that some heat sensitive glue was used
to construct it.  I would recommend a dye that is cold water set from an
art supply.  Also, you may be able to paint it with some childrens water
color and spray it with a non shiny setting spray.  Though if the straw
was waxed you may have a hard time.

Jane Bretz

>>> Loren Dearborn <Loren_Dearborn@CASMAIL.CALACADEMY.ORG>
11/25/96 12:58pm >>>
          I've got a straw hat I'd love to dye. I've heard you can use
          RIT to dye straw but haven't found any info on how to do it.
          Does anyone know how to do this?  Thanks in advance...

          Cheers,

          Loren Dearborn
          ldearborn@calacademy.org

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 25 Nov 1996 12:14:25 -0800
From:    Undetermined origin c/o LISTSERV maintainer
         <owner-LISTSERV@BROWNVM.BROWN.EDU>
Subject: UNSUSCRIBE

unsuscribe




t 12:01 AM 11/25/96 -0500, you wrote:
>There are 7 messages totalling 195 lines in this issue.
>
>Topics of the day:
>
>  1. H-COSTUME Digest - 22 Nov 1996 to 23 Nov 1996
>  2. out of town & off line
>  3. 1905 accessories
>  4. Hair styles for many periods (2)
>  5. Porcelain
>  6. Kate Greenaway dress
>
>----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>Date:    Sun, 24 Nov 1996 13:26:58 -0500
>From:    Lisa Bauer <PiranhaBB@AOL.COM>
>Subject: Re: H-COSTUME Digest - 22 Nov 1996 to 23 Nov 1996
>
>Hi H-costumers,
>
>I am in the position finally, of having some extra dough, and would like to
>have a costume made for me. Does anyone know if the costumers (actual
>sempstering, foundation, millinery, and cobblery) of say, Merchant Ivory or
>the like, do non-movie work? I'm not talking about renting or buying
>something already made, but having it made. Otherwise, if there are any
>professional period seamstress out there in h-costume land who could help me
>out, drop me a line. Access to period silks, laces, and fabrics, shoes, and
>accessories (non-vintage) is a plus.  I'm in Southern California, West LA to
>be exact.
>I want something very historically accurate, from the skin out. My design. I
>want chemise, corset, corset cover, hoop/crinoline, petticoats, skirt,
>bodice, mantle, hat/bonnet. Period is mid-Victorian. Does not have to be
>hand-sewn, except where/if necessary. I have all the books, ideas, sketches,
>etc. but don't have the sewing time (or really inclination, *gasp*) anymore
>to do it myself. I'm also thinking about something Regency as well.
>In addition, does anyone have a good source for real kid gloves with buttons
>in various colors? Not the ones with really skinny fingers, though.
>Please answer me off the list as I don't always have time to read the whole
>digest.
>Regards,
>Lisa
>
>------------------------------
>
>Date:    Sun, 24 Nov 1996 11:06:43 -0800
>From:    Gwyn Carnegie <gcarnegi@MAIL2.QUIKNET.COM>
>Subject: out of town & off line
>
>Hello everyone-
>
>I'll be in Hong Kong and possibly southern China for business for 1 or 2
>weeks.  I'll be off line during that time.
>
> Thanks to everyone for the replies on the Rossetti book.  I should be able
>to catch up with my mail after my return.
>
>
>Gwyn Carnegie
>
>------------------------------
>
>Date:    Sun, 24 Nov 1996 14:06:34 -0500
>From:    Roxy Barber <X90BARBER11@WMICH.EDU>
>Subject: 1905 accessories
>
>I'm working on a centennial project at the university I attend and need to
>find (locally, Kalamazoo Michigan, USA) accessories for men or women
>suiitable to the fall season 1905. These will be used in a case for display
>only. We are thinking gloves, hat etc.. The display has to do with a public
>meeting discussing how to attract a Normal school to our city. It is not
>about costume, but the accessories are an extra touch. We would appreciate
>any suggestions as to WHAT to look for, how to identify what is of the
>correct period, what NOT to use, and any ideas beyond antique stores
>and the local museum for sources.
>
>thank-you, thank-you!
>
>Roxy Barber
>x90barber11@wmich.edu
>
>------------------------------
>
>Date:    Sun, 24 Nov 1996 15:33:41 -0500
>From:    Mara Riley <corbie@RADIX.NET>
>Subject: Hair styles for many periods
>
>Heather Meadows writes,  (somewhere around Nov 2 -- I'm catching up on old
>e-mail):
>"I'm looking for sources for styling *long* hair
>for all the periods I re-enact in - 1560-1950.
>I've mostly dealt with the issue by hiding my hair
>before, but I'm trying to keep the look more complete -
>I'm especially having a hard time with the 1920's - 50's
>when shorter hair was fashionable... I *know* some women
>kept their hair full length and just made it look shorter
>somehow."
>
>Have you seen 'Henry and June'?  (The actress playing) Anais Nin has
>below-shoulder-length hair -- reaches to the mid-shoulder-blades, I
>think... (when it's let down, it does look a little thin, so if you have
>thick hair this might not work).  She puts it up into a nice, neat little
>figure-eight bun at the nape of her neck, and looks quite stylish in the
>'20s styles.  (or is that '30s?  It's been a while since I saw the movie.)
>
>I have also managed to get my hair to go into a little bun at the nape of
>my neck, but leave enough slack in my hair that it almost looks like a bob.
>
>Another period movie would be 'Chariots of Fire.'  I can't remember the
>name of the actress that Harold Abramson dates in the movie, but she has
>long hair in the back.  In the front, her hair is long enough to come down
>to her chin; I'm not sure how it's styled.  Bangs of that length would be
>very versatile, since they're long enough to be pinned back and stay when
>wearing older hair styles.
>
>Since my memories of these movies are a bit on the fuzzy side, it might be
>worth renting the movies to have a closer look....
>
>Corbie
>
>-------------------------------------------------------
>Q: How many Vorlons does it take to change a lightbulb?
>A: Yes.
>
>------------------------------
>
>Date:    Sun, 24 Nov 1996 21:56:06 -0500
>From:    Kirk Albrecht M311 <M311@AOL.COM>
>Subject: Porcelain
>
>Was this the list that had a porcelain question?  It was about how long
>porcelain was around.
>I found documentation; from the CD- Eyewitness History of the World.
>Porcelain has been around 1200yrs.  During the Ning Dynisty from 1368 - 1644
>it was distingushed by blue and white painted designs.  In the 1500's it was
>exported to the middle east, Europe, and Africa.
>I hope this helps the person who was wanting to know.  I beleive the were
>asking about dolls in partular.  It doesn't say when dolls started being made
>this way.
>Kelly Albrecht
>m311@aol.com
>
>------------------------------
>
>Date:    Sun, 24 Nov 1996 22:38:46 -0600
>From:    Heather Lorraine McGlaughlin <hmcglaug@SUNSET.BACKBONE.OLEMISS.EDU>
>Subject: Re: Hair styles for many periods
>
>> >Heather Meadows writes,  (somewhere around Nov 2 -- I'm catching up on old
>> >e-mail):
>> >"I'm looking for sources for styling *long* hair
>> >for all the periods I re-enact in - 1560-1950.
>> >I've mostly dealt with the issue by hiding my hair
>> >before, but I'm trying to keep the look more complete -
>> >I'm especially having a hard time with the 1920's - 50's
>> >when shorter hair was fashionable... I *know* some women
>> >kept their hair full length and just made it look shorter
>> >somehow."
>> >
>
>Have you tried "Women's Headdress and Hairstyles (in England from AD 600
>to the present day)  by Georgine de Courtais?  Published by BT Batsford,
>London, 1973.   ISBN  0-7134-0858-8.  I costume opera theater here at the
>University, as well as play in the SCA, and I think this is a great little
>book.  Our university library had it, so you probably could get it on
>interlibrary loan if all else fails.
>
>
>Good luck!!
>
>
>Heather
>
><hmcglaug@olemiss.edu>
>
>------------------------------
>
>Date:    Sun, 24 Nov 1996 23:49:26 -0500
>From:    "Penny E. Ladnier" <s0peladn@EROLS.COM>
>Subject: Kate Greenaway dress
>
>Thanks to all the people who responded to my question as to who Kate
>Greenaway is/was.
>
>Next Question????
>Was there a fashion of making girls dresses similiar to her illustrations
>during the 1890's?  The dress was not store bought.  It is beautiful with a
>mid line u-shaped neckline (front and back) surrounded with three tears of
>ruffles.  It has a high waistline and 3/4 length skirt.
>
>I am having the dress photographed tomorrow, drafting the pattern Wed., and
>making it for my daughter's Christmas dress thereafter.  All of this will be
>on my web page after
>Dec. 10th.  So you can go into my page and print out the pattern.
>
>THREE MORE WEEKS UNTIL THE SEMESTER ENDS & counting...
>Penny
>
>
>
>Penny E. Ladnier, Virginia Commonwealth University
>s0peladn@erols.com
>http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/2157
>member:
>Costume Society of America
>American Fashion Council
>Association for Information Systems Professionals
>
>------------------------------
>
>End of H-COSTUME Digest - 23 Nov 1996 to 24 Nov 1996
>****************************************************
>

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 25 Nov 1996 15:36:15 -0800
From:    Joan Broneske <unicorn@CALWEB.COM>
Subject: Ladies Caps

I am looking for information on those little lacy caps that ladies wore in the 1850's-60's.

1. Who would have worn them? Age? Social Status?
2. When would they have been worn?
3. Where would they have been worn?
4. Decorations: a lot? a little?  what types?

Thanks,

Joan
unicorn@calweb.com
http://www.calweb.com/~unicorn/index.html

------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 25 Nov 1996 17:10:35 -0600
From:    ches <ches@IO.COM>
Subject: Re: Dolls

I found a Victorian doll pattern 2 years ago and decided to make the
pattern once my baby girl could keep track of it. She loves it! I put
a very soft copper wire inside the arms and legs so that she could
mimic the way we walk, etc. It was very easy to make. Basically, a
bodice with sleeves enclosed and a pair of pants enclosed, the neck
and head however did not work out as the pattern suggested so I did a
silhouette of my daughter's profile and made the face in two pieces,
the sides of the head and the back of the head adding length for the
neck.

Ciao
Ches

----------
: From: CBecht@LMUMAIL.LMU.EDU
: To: Multiple recipients of list H-COSTUME
<H-COSTUME@BROWNVM.BROWN.EDU>
: Subject: Re: Dolls
: Date: Tuesday, November 19, 1996 2:51 PM
:
: Carol asked:
:
:     Some friends have made cloth dolls for their children to play
: with at events. Has anyone on the list done this, too? .....

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 24 Nov 1996 to 25 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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From: Automatic digest processor <LISTSERV@BROWNVM.brown.edu>
Subject:  H-COSTUME Digest - 25 Nov 1996 to 26 Nov 1996
To: Recipients of H-COSTUME digests <H-COSTUME@BROWNVM.brown.edu>

There are 6 messages totalling 149 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. UNSUSCRIBE (2)
  2. cotehardies
  3. Linens
  4. REMINDER!
  5. Victorian Girl's Dress

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Mon, 25 Nov 1996 22:02:43 -0800
From:    Undetermined origin c/o LISTSERV maintainer
         <owner-LISTSERV@BROWNVM.BROWN.EDU>
Subject: UNSUSCRIBE

UNSUSCRIBE

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 26 Nov 1996 10:38:29 -0500
From:    Susan Carroll-Clark <sclark@CHASS.UTORONTO.CA>
Subject: cotehardies

Greetings!

I don't think there was "one true pattern" for the cotehardie/fitted gown/
whatever.  Princess seams are in fact quite period, although they tend
to be seen on the slightly later cotehardies in the fifteenth century;
the head of the curved seam should end at the shoulder rather than in
the armscye like most modern Princess seams.  (I wish I'd saved the citation
for the specific picture that shows this--it does exist).  There are also
two other possible scenarios:  First, that the dress was made essentially
similar to earlier dresses, using an essentially straight-cut body
with inserted triangular gores.  The shirt in Burnham's _Cut my Cote_
shows this treatment--the gores could be inserted in the sides and at
centre front and back.  The body of the dress is then shaped to the wearer
by pulling it as tight as possible, using the bias stretch to achieve
fit.  The second documentable style I have seen is the Herjolfness gored
dress--once again, gores are used, but they are inserted at the *side* front
and side back, and they also contain strips of fabric at the top of each
gore which go into the body of the dress.  This is indubitably a 14th
century dress--whether it should be rightly called a "cotehardie" is
debatable, but it might give a hint as to construction.

Fourteenth century enthusiasts will likely debate loudly as to which
of these constructions is "correct".  I happen to think that all of them
are possible, with the "stretch and gore" style likely to be the
earliest since it is most closely related to the styles worn just before
the "cotehardie".

Finally, I should mention Stella Mary Newton's _Fashion in the Age of the
Black Prince_.  If you haven't read it....do so ASAP!  There's a lot
of good pictoral evidence in there, and tons of stuff on clothing and
the way it was worn....

Cheers!
Susan Carroll-Clark
sclark@chass.utoronto.ca

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 26 Nov 1996 17:11:00 GMT
From:    "Chandler, Sally A." <S.A.Chandler@SHU.AC.UK>
Subject: Linens

For those of you struggling to find good, fine linens at reasonable prices
you may like to contact Mr. Ali of Herts Fabrics.  He stocks a huge range of

linens of most weights in various colours and some damasks etc.  The prices
are 'very reasonable' by which I mean 'cheap' which should make them a
reasonable option for those of you across the water, even with shipping
costs.  The range includes fabrics suitable for shifts, shirts, caps,
linings, dresses, bags, gambesons ... you name it.

He is     Mr. Ali
     Herts Fabrics
     11, Brickfield
     Hatfield
     Herts
     AL10 8TW
     England

     Tel  01707 265815
(sorry - I don't know how to access that from abroad!)

(The usual rider applies - I have no financial interest in the company but
didn't want you to miss out.  Brits please excuse me preaching to the
converted!)

I hope you find this useful,

Sally Ann Chandler
The Historical Clothing Company
s.a.chandler@shu.ac.uk

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 26 Nov 1996 11:46:51 -0800
From:    The Polsons <willow@RECREATING-HISTORY.COM>
Subject: REMINDER!

Folks, can we PLEASE be more careful, both about deleting the remainder of
the list when only replying to a bit of it, and in not quoting a big post
in its entirety when replying?? I've got far, far too much other stuff to
read and deal with to mess about with deleting/ignoring/skimming by this
carelessness!!!!!!

I really don't want to have to unsubscribe, but if this keeps up, I'll have
to. 8-( THANK YOU for trying harder!

**********************************************
Willow Polson....willow@recreating-history.com
          Recreating History magazine
..."Historic Crafts, Cooking, and Clothing"...
----> http://www.recreating-history.com <-----
Call us toll free! 1-(888) REENACT (733-6228)
**********************************************

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 26 Nov 1996 15:27:19 -0800
From:    Glenna Jo & Bill Christen <gwjchris@RUST.NET>
Subject: Re: Victorian Girl's Dress

Penny E. Ladnier wrote:
>
>I took a pattern today from a Kate Greenaway 1890's girl's dress today.  Who
>is Kate Greenaway?

Kate Greenaway was an immensely popular author of children's books in
the late 19th Cent.  It has been far more years than I want to count
since I had my last "kiddy lit." class in library school, so many of the
fine details are lost, but as I recall, her most famous book was an
alphabet book called _A is for Apple".  The books were filled with
children in "old fashioned clothing." They were so charming a fad for
dressing children like the children in her books was created in the
1890's.  I was recently reminded of these facts when I was on a project
to help an open air historical museum near Rockton, Ont. organize and
date some of their clothing collection.  They have a "Kate Greenaway"
dress there.

Glenna Jo Christen
gwjchris@rust.net

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 26 Nov 1996 17:34:16 -0500
From:    Stacey_Weinberger_at_NOTES__DIRECTORY.WADSWORTH@CABELSMTP.WADSWORTH.COM
Subject: Re: UNSUSCRIBE

New Text Item:  Re: UNSUSCRIBE

Why am I getting this message?  I don't wish to unsubscribe.  And I haven't
gotten any messages since yesterday.  What's going on?

Stacey

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 25 Nov 1996 to 26 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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There are 8 messages totalling 260 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. REMINDER! (2)
  2. Hoping White Christmas counts as historic...
  3. cotehardies
  4. cotehardies (another question)
  5. musty smells in wood
  6. Cotehardies
  7. The Utimate Hat Box

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 27 Nov 1996 09:05:49 GMT
From:    TEDDY <TEDDY1@MDX.AC.UK>
Subject: Re: REMINDER!

> From:    The Polsons <willow@RECREATING-HISTORY.COM>
> Subject: REMINDER!
>
> Folks, can we PLEASE be more careful, both about deleting the remainder of
> the list when only replying to a bit of it, and in not quoting a big post
> in its entirety when replying?? I've got far, far too much other stuff to
> read and deal with to mess about with deleting/ignoring/skimming by this
> carelessness!!!!!!

Guilty as charged.

Sorry.  I realized what I'd done the instant I hit the wrong key, by
which point it was too late!  I sent an appology immediatley
afterwards - it was about the only thing I could do under the
circumstances....

Does anyone out there have any idea if this sort of thing can be
stopped once "sent"?

I know our system sometimes doesn't send external mail messages
instantaneously, I've done timed tests with firends, but I wouldn't
know how to go about heading off something sent in error before it
gets sent out!







Teddy
teddy1@mdx.ac.uk
                                              ======================
Bibliographical Services Dept.               * If a costume's worth *
Middlesex University                         * making, it's worth   *
Bounds Green Road                            * making well enough   *
London, N11 2NQ                              * for every-day wear.  *
England                                       ======================
Tel No.(0181) 362 6405

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 27 Nov 1996 07:05:43 -0500
From:    Sue & Ted <huesken@MAIL.USCOM.COM>
Subject: Re: REMINDER!

Teddy wrote:
> Sorry.  I realized what I'd done the instant I hit the wrong key, by
> which point it was too late!  I sent an appology immediatley
> afterwards - it was about the only thing I could do under the
> circumstances....
> Does anyone out there have any idea if this sort of thing can be
> stopped once "sent"?

        If you have Netscape mail, there is a stop button that
stops the transaction. You would have to hit it quickly before
the server "grabs" the message.
                                Sue

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 27 Nov 1996 09:29:25 -0600
From:    Sheryl Nance-Durst <P_SHERYL@KCPL.LIB.MO.US>
Subject: Re: Hoping White Christmas counts as historic...

>In the Crosby/Kaye movie "White
>Christmas" (not "Holiday Inn" the one that originally had the song but
>the later version with Rosemary Cloony and Vera Ellen) the final scene
>features two stunning Christmas dresses. Can anyone tell me what they
>are made of?
>They don't quite look like satin--they move more like velvet but are
>fairly shiny. They also have some white trim that may or may not be fur
>and decoration that may be sequins.

I just looked at the video last night.  The material is not velvet.  You can
tell by contrasting it with the Bing's costume which IS velvet.  It looks
to me like a very heavy weight satin.  It has a satin finish if you look
at the closeups of the women.  You are right about the movement though.
The skirt does move like a heavier-weight material.  I thought it might be
satin with a taffeta lining to give it some stiffness (and of course all of
the crinolines to help hold it out).  The white trim did look like fur.
And the decorations are sequins in a starburst pattern.  Probably red
sequins but maybe some clear ones. It also seemed to me that the part of the
skirt under the white trim may have been a separate skirt.  It looked like
it was a different shade of red than the bodice & the upper part of the skirt.
(Then again, that may just have been a problem with the video copy I was
watching.)

Sheryl J. Nance-Durst                   ...one of the secret masters of
Kansas City MO Public Library           the world: a librarian. They
p_sheryl@kcpl.lib.mo.us                 control information. Don't ever
                                        p**s one off.
                                          - Spider Robinson,
                                            _The Callahan Touch_

(Opinions expressed in this message do not reflect the viewpoint of
the Kansas City MO Public Library.)

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 27 Nov 1996 09:35:43 -0600
From:    "I. Marc Carlson" <LIB_IMC@CENTUM.UTULSA.EDU>
Subject: Re: cotehardies

<Susan Carroll-Clark <sclark@CHASS.UTORONTO.CA>>
>I don't think there was "one true pattern" for the cotehardie/fitted gown/
>whatever.  Princess seams...

I don't know from Princess seams, but I assume that, because of the odd
piecing shape of the side panels of the Herjolfsnes no. 38 (woman's
dress) and no.41 (argueably a man's tunic) that fitted torso gored
"dresses" were, in fact, known in the Medieval Period.

>...The second documentable style I have seen is the Herjolfness gored
>dress--once again, gores are used, but they are inserted at the *side* front
>and side back, and they also contain strips of fabric at the top of each
>gore which go into the body of the dress.

Begging your pardon, ma'am, but *which* Herjolfsnes gored dress?  My
assumption is that you are referring to "no.38", which is one of the most
commonly shown in costuming materials.  But if so, I am not certain
what you mean by "strips of fabric", unless you are referring to the
tops of the side panels.  In both the "Man's" and "Woman's" (gender
based as much on bone size versus clothing size, as anything else
acording to Norlund, 1924) these side panels appear to be a single
piece each.  There is another example, the number escapes me,
unforunately, that clearly shows a single side panel from arm pit to
hemline.  Curiously this panel is divided down the middle by a false
seam, to give the impression of being multiple pieces (this thing
about false seams doesn't appear to be a strictly limited thing,
either, although I'm not sure what it tells us for the general styles
of Europe.

Based on these, and the few other finds, such as the Bockstenman, I
think that there are number of basic "styles", with each of those
broken down by the individual clothier.  So yes, I agree, there is
no "one way".

Marc Carlson
LIB_IMC@CENTUM.UTULSA.EDU.

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 27 Nov 1996 11:36:29 -0800
From:    "Carol E. Newby" <ladybug@FALKOR.NEVERENDING.WEBNEXUS.COM>
Subject: Re: cotehardies (another question)

I've been reading this thread with interest as I've been going through my
books reading everything they can offer on cotehardies thinking I'd like
to make one for court garb.

Two questions....
What does one wear under a cotehardie (historically speaking)?
And what types of material were they made out of? (I've seen many made
out of various cottons, but I'm interested in something spiffier for
court.)

Elspeth
 ~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~
Carol E. Newby          ladybug@falkor.neverending.webnexus.com
                http://falkor.neverending.webnexus.com/~ladybug

            "Unless you try to do something beyond
     what you have already mastered, you will never grow."

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 27 Nov 1996 12:45:48 -0800
From:    Susan Fatemi <susanf@EERC.BERKELEY.EDU>
Subject: musty smells in wood

Chantal --
The smell has probably permeated the wood, even if the original
cause is now gone.

I had the same problem with an old treadle sewing machine cabinet.

However, if I had a lovely armoire with that problem, I would
probably line it with ceder boards, sold at lumber yards and
some hardware stores for lining closets.  Then you'd have some
moth protection and the cedar smell might overpower the must.

You might want to seal the outside with several coats of
polyurethane varnish, if you have not already done so.

Susan Fatemi

susanf@eerc.berkeley.edu

----------------
>
>Date:    Tue, 19 Nov 1996 18:41:04 -0500
>From:    "=?iso-8859-1?Q?=22Chantal_M._P=E9court=22?=" <cpecourt@MHV.NET>
>Subject: Musty smells
>
>I am not sure if this is the proper place to ask, but since it does
>relate to clothing here goes.
>        I have an old clothing closet ( the kind that is free standing
>and can be moved) from my grandmother. It was stored in her basement for
>many years. Unfortunatly the basement was always damp and the clothing
>closet has picked up a musty smell. When I got this I stripped off the

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 30 Jan 1996 02:44:59 GMT
From:    Megan Hargreaves <mhar@STRATHS.STRATHCONA.VIC.EDU.AU>
Subject: Cotehardies

Unless I am much mistaken, they wore linen chemises.
And of course an under dress that was made of the same
as the outer garment.
Sabine Aleyn

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 27 Nov 1996 19:16:27 -0800
From:    Frances Grimble <lavolta@BEST.COM>
Subject: The Utimate Hat Box

I collect vintage hats (as well as clothes and accessories).  About the
only place I'm able to buy usable hat boxes is the closet accessory
supplier Hold Everything.  (I think most vintage hat boxes are
too fragile for use.)  However, they usually sell hat boxes in sets of
three, and the two smaller sizes are not suitable for many hat styles
(especially large-brimmed Edwardian hats, which I'm very fond of).

But this year's Hold Everything Christmas catalog includes a really
great hat hox.  It is almost exactly like a vintage hat box I own, which
I've wanted duplicates of for years. It's covered in tan leather and
very sturdy, like luggage rather than the lightweight cardboard boxes
(which they also sell). It is 18" in diameter but has one flat side so
you can set it down, and a strong leather-covered handle.  The inside is
lined with cloth and there's a cloth bag inside the lid to put small
items in.

I bought one and it is so great I ordered two more.

You can only buy this style from the Hold Everything catalog (which they
will send free), not their store.  Their address and phone are:

Hold Everything Mail Order Department
PO Box 7807
San Francisco, CA 94120-7807
(800) 421-2264

Usual disclaimer:  I have no connection with Hold Everything or this
product, other than as a customer.

Fran Grimble
http://www.best.com/~lavolta/dance/index.htm (check out our events page
for a new announcement of a Victorian New Year's Eve ball)

Fran Grimble

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 26 Nov 1996 to 27 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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From: Automatic digest processor <LISTSERV@BROWNVM.brown.edu>
Subject:  H-COSTUME Digest - 27 Nov 1996 to 28 Nov 1996
To: Recipients of H-COSTUME digests <H-COSTUME@BROWNVM.brown.edu>

There are 8 messages totalling 317 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. The Utimate Hat Box
  2. <No subject given>
  3. Woad Recipie
  4. Cotehardies (3)
  5. Fantasy Costume List
  6. Dolls at events

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 28 Nov 1996 01:19:11 -0500
From:    "Penny E. Ladnier" <s0peladn@EROLS.COM>
Subject: Re: The Utimate Hat Box

At 07:16 PM 11/27/96 -0800, you wrote:
>I collect vintage hats (as well as clothes and accessories).  About the
>only place I'm able to buy usable hat boxes is the closet accessory
>supplier Hold Everything.  (I think most vintage hat boxes are
>too fragile for use.)  However, they usually sell hat boxes in sets of
>three, and the two smaller sizes are not suitable for many hat styles
>(especially large-brimmed Edwardian hats, which I'm very fond of).
>
Thanks for posting the info.  I started collecting hat boxes this past
summer.  You might what to check museums for the hat boxes that they do not
want.  Last summer when working at the Valentine, I worked on an extensive
hat collection.  When I finished the collection, the curator told me to
throw the boxes away.  I ask could I have them, so started my collection.
The curator's explanation for throwing them out was she couldn't keep ALL
the hat boxes. It makes sense or she wouldn't have room for the costumes. So
now she saves the hat boxes for me.
Thanks again,
Penny
Penny E. Ladnier, Virginia Commonwealth University
s0peladn@erols.com
http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/2157
member:
Costume Society of America
American Fashion Council
Association for Information Systems Professionals

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 27 Nov 1996 23:09:14 -0800
From:    Cin <cynthia@NETUSER.COM>
Subject: <No subject given>

--=====================_849208097==_
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"



I'm finally catching up on old h-costume digests.  Someone asked about cloth of Gold.  Here's a pointer to books & a museum with the oldest piece I've seen.
Enjoy your holidays!
-=-=-=-

--=====================_849208097==_
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="CLOTH"

    For all those who made suggestions about museums of Spain & Greece
    many thanks!  Much loot was admired, garments gawked at and books
    were purchased and mailed.  It's like Hannuka or Christmas every
    day.

    I highly recommend _The Prado_ for museum catalogs; it has high
    quality pictures on every page.  Better print values than the Met
    and excellent color matching to the original paintings.

    For anyone interested in ancient Greece, especially Macedonia in
    the 4th c BC, the books _Greek Civilization_ and _Vergina_, both
    available from the Archeological Museum in Thessaloniki are
    excellent.  _Vergina_ was written by Dr. M. Andronicous, the
    principle archeologist for the 15 year dig.

    Thessaloniki has the oldest pieces of decorative cloth that I have
    ever seen.  (I'm not counting mummy wrappings.) They were found in
    the neighboring tomb to the one called "Philip of Macedon's Tomb".

    They are 2 (formerly) matching wool and gold tabby weave sections
    in the shape of a trapezoid.  (May be jacquard, but I couldnt look
    at the reverse side to find out.) The pattern is quite complex and
    the dye is surprisingly rich.  It's a very deep purple, and no, I
    dont know what dyestuff was used.  Cocineal?  (Lets call it Crayola
    Violet.)  Anyway, the pieces were apparently part of a the dead
    woman's funeral offerings and were probably even placed on the pyre
    for a short time.  Her bones were then placed in a gold coffer,
    covered by the cloth of gold, the gold box was placed in an
    elaborate sarcophagus and the tomb sealed.

    I just cant gush enough about the Thessaloniki Archeological.
    Greece has done a fantastic job opening this new museum.  The
    exhibit presentations are very high quality.  (Makes the older
    parts of the Smithsonian look dowdy.)  Highly recommended!

--=====================_849208097==_
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

--cin

home email: cin@netuser.com
office email: cynthia_barnes@ptltd.com
w. 408.452.6895

"Statesmanship largely consists of preventing competing nations from expressing their true feelings in the most sincere way possible.  Miss Manners is only suggesting that they stop kissing other statesmen altogether -- that they practice safe protocol."
--Miss Manners, _Miss Manners Rescues Civilization_, 1996.
--=====================_849208097==_--

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 28 Nov 1996 04:59:26 -0800
From:    Diana Habra <dch@INREACH.COM>
Subject: Woad Recipie

Hello H-Costume!

I am looking for a successful woad with urine (or uric acid) recipie
that is done the period fermenting way. I tried an indigo fermentation
bath with uric acid as described in Ida Grae and was very dissapointed.
It called for madder root to be included which didn't sound right to me
at the time but I did it anyway.  Needless to say, it didn't come out
right.  I would like to get woad and try a fermentation bath with it
instead.

Along with this, if anyone has a source for woad seeds, please, please
let me know.  I have the space to grow them but the seed catalogs I have
sent away for don't include woad.

Thanks in advance!!

Rose :~>

P.S. For anyone who is looking for a really fabulous gold, try Italian
Alder cones with alum.  Excellant gold color!!

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 28 Nov 1996 10:30:43 -0500
From:    Susan Carroll-Clark <sclark@CHASS.UTORONTO.CA>
Subject: Cotehardies

Greetings!

The Herjolfness dress I'm talking about I believe is the one you mention,
Marc.  I was trying to figure out the way to describe the way the gores
work--they're not just simple triangular gores that most people might
have seen, but rather look a bit like this:

        | |
        | |
        | |
        | |
       /   \
      /     \
     /       \
    /         \
   /           \
  /             \
  ---------------

  There are (I'm working from memory, so excuse the sloppy numbers) I believe
  two of these each at side right, side left, back side right and back side
  left.  The "strips" at the top fit the the garment through the
  torso, while the triangular gore flares out at the hip.  These garments
  have a characteristic drape which resembles a princess cut somewhat and
  is quite distinctive when you look for it.  And it is, as I mentioned,
  _definitely_ a period cut.

  Hope this helps!
  Susan Carroll-Clark
  sclark@chass.utoronto.ca

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 28 Nov 1996 09:43:23 -0800
From:    David & Anita Pirkle <pirkles@OLYWA.NET>
Subject: Fantasy Costume List

Hope I'm sending this correctly, as I'm just coming out of lurk mode...

Someone mentioned a fantasy costume list.  When I went looking for a
costuming list, this was the only one I could find.  What's the address
for the fantasy costume list?

Anita

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 29 Nov 1996 09:41:54 +1000
From:    Sue Dancer <mdancer@THEHUB.COM.AU>
Subject: Re: Dolls at events

>: Carol asked:
>:
>:     Some friends have made cloth dolls for their children to play
>: with at events. Has anyone on the list done this, too? .....

Will be doing this for next year. I will not be making 'period' accurate
dolls but more of a rag doll style with period dress. These will be used at
events to keep the children in my group amused and at schools during the
Life classes to show what people wore.

Sue Dancer


Mark & Sue                         NetMark Consultancies Pty. Ltd.
Dancer.                            mdancer@thehub.com.au


                Can your PC boot from a CD-ROM? Macintosh can.


These comments and questions are solely my doing. My company, colleagues,
family, neighbors, gender, sex, race, creed, national origin, medieval
reenactment group...  bear no responsibility for the accuracy thereof.
Further, I apologize in advance and retract any part of this email that in
any way offends anyone, anyone's sensibilities, ancestors, cars, favorite
ice cream, or points of view.  This communique may add to your store of
knowledge. It may not. Proceed at your own risk. (Slightly modified from an
original by Ed Long).

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 28 Nov 1996 21:33:56 -0500
From:    "=?iso-8859-1?Q?=22Chantal_M._P=E9court=22?=" <cpecourt@MHV.NET>
Subject: Cotehardies

        The wearing and proper making of cotehardies is an interesting
topic.  I have a book called Daily Life in Chaucer's England that has some
patterns from actual digs from the late 1300's and early 1400's, when
Chaucer lived.  According to this reference, what we call the cotehardie was
called a kirtle and was made not using the princess seamed dress, but side
gores and front gores that shaped the back and front pieces into a tight
fitting dress that got tighter as buttons were introduced.  This books also
states that the openings were almost always at the front or side and hardly
ever the back. The buttons would be most numerous at points of pull and less
numerous where the dress had to pull less.  What was worn under this kirtle
was another kirtle, formed basically the same way.
        If we jump ahead a few years, about 100 or so, we can get some
interesting ideas of how the dresses were made as the houppeland area began.
In many art books there are painting os women, mainly the Virgin and Mary
Magdalen wearing dresses very similar to cotehardies but the cut is very
different. You can tell because the seams are actually painted.  The exact
title of the books escapes me at the moment but there are four paintings
that come to mind to support this princess seam construction not evidenced
in earlier pieces.  One very clearly shows the front seams and another the
back.  The third is a picture of Bathsheba exiting her bath, her servantis
wearing a tight fitting dress with the hem tucked up. The underdress is a
long linen shirt like garment that ends just below the knees, a ruffle like
skirt is attached to this so that the underdress reaches to her ankles.  It
is theorized that this ruffle was there because hems become so frayed with
wear that rather than replacing the entire under dress they ripped off the
ruffle and added a new one.
        If anyone is interested I can get the exact reference.

I am /very/ curious to know 1. Are there archeological finds that can show
us how the clothing progressed from the side gored kirtle to the princess
seamed dress
        2. How these dresses were cut out and made, how they were fastened
and how the false sleeves were attached.

Anyone know?


Chantal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
" The truth is out there"   -X Files
" Be sure you want to know what lies behind the doors of truth before you
open them.."  -me
" Ask only the questions for which  you are ready to hear the answers." -me

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 28 Nov 1996 21:41:20 -0500
From:    "=?iso-8859-1?Q?=22Chantal_M._P=E9court=22?=" <cpecourt@MHV.NET>
Subject: Re: Cotehardies

>The Herjolfness dress I'm talking about I believe is the one you mention,
>Marc.
>
>        | |
>        | |
>        | |
>        | |
>       /   \
>      /     \
>     /       \
>    /         \
>   /           \
>  /             \
>  ---------------

The gores at the side, according to many texts I have seen on the matter (
not that they are 100% correct either), are shaped a bit differently than
this.

        | |
        | |
        | |
        | |
       /  |
      /   |
     /    |
    /     |
   /      |
  /       |
 ---------------

There are from 4 to 8 on each side, hence the nick name 8 gored dress etc.
They are attached straight edge to not straight edge ( or bias to not bias)
which cause the drape. These gores form the bottom of the arm hole. There is
also one triangular gore in the front and back to add more fullness to the
skirt.  The book, Daily Life in Chaucer's England has detailed diagrams as
well as intrcutions on making these dresses. Having constructed these
dresses a few times, I can say that the drape is not very similar to the
princess seamed dresses of the latter part of the 15th century ( 1480 or so).
        How and why the cut changed I don't know, but would love to find
out. If you would like some photo copies of the pages, let me know

Chantal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
" The truth is out there"   -X Files
" Be sure you want to know what lies behind the doors of truth before you
open them.."  -me
" Ask only the questions for which  you are ready to hear the answers." -me

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 27 Nov 1996 to 28 Nov 1996
****************************************************

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From: Automatic digest processor <LISTSERV@BROWNVM.brown.edu>
Subject:  H-COSTUME Digest - 28 Nov 1996 to 29 Nov 1996
To: Recipients of H-COSTUME digests <H-COSTUME@BROWNVM.brown.edu>

There are 8 messages totalling 377 lines in this issue.

Topics of the day:

  1. More on cotehardies
  2. Fantasy Costume List
  3. Cotehardies (3)
  4. Ladies Caps
  5. The dress of fisherfolk
  6. Nalbinding

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 29 Nov 1996 10:17:30 -0500
From:    Susan Carroll-Clark <sclark@CHASS.UTORONTO.CA>
Subject: More on cotehardies

Greetings!

Thanks for the better picture;  I forgot that there's a drawing of that
particular dress in _Daily Life in Chaucer's England_ (I helped write a
very remote ancestor of this book as a preparatory pamphlet for a
Chaucerian event--look for me in the credits at the front!).  For those
of you who are interested, the authors are Will McLean and Jeff Singman
and it's put out by Greenwood press. Pricey, but worth it!

Back to the topic at hand.  "Kirtle" is probably a better word for at
least the underdress.  Definitely have a look at Stella Mary Newton's
_Fashion in the Age of the Black Prince_ for a true definition  of
cotehardie (or cote hardi)--the term is period and was used to describe
a particular garment.  (I'm a bit out of my league in this field, since
my own area of research is the 13th century, and I'm only interested in
the fourteenth century because it's what's next  :-)  The best argument
for the more traditionally gored closefitting garment (as opposed to the
10 gore Herjolfness dress) has been presented by Verna Rutz and Robin
Netherton (are you lurking anywhere on this list, ladies?)  I have seen
their dresses and they look and fit like those in paintings.  As I have
said, these are a logical evolution from the gowns in the period I study,
and may represent an earlier form of the garment.

Another friend of mine (known in the SCA as Sarra Graeme) is not convinced
that the ten-gored dress is what should be called a "cotehardie", although
it's definitely a period dress.  Her argument is that the dresses labeled
_cotehardie_ often has a different neckline than the Herjolfness
dress--more straight across than scooped.  I think McLean and Singman's
choice of the word "kirtle" for this dress reflects the fact that no
one's really sure if that dress is "really" a true cotehardie.  Also
someone else once pointed out to me that the true cotehardie is an
overgown, often with sleeves to the elbows rather than all the way to
the wrists, with the buttoned sleeves of the kirtle showing through
underneath (although I do know of cases where it's definitely all one
sleeve.

One thing this points out to me is that many SCA folk tend to call any
closefitting 14th century dress a "cotehardie".  This is probably
incorrect.  We shouldn't be surprised, then, that there are different
ways to make a 14th century dresss.

(Incidentally, for my collection, does anyone have any further pictures of
people wearing dresses that seem to resemble and hang like the ten-gore
dress?)

Cheers!
Susan Carroll-Clark
sclark@chass.utoronto.ca

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 29 Nov 1996 10:17:02 -0500
From:    Elizabeth Lear <eliz@WORLD.STD.COM>
Subject: Re: Fantasy Costume List

<Someone mentioned a fantasy costume list.  When I went looking for a
<costuming list, this was the only one I could find.  What's the address
<for the fantasy costume list?




To join the list, send mail to

        majordomo@world.std.com

with the message

        subscribe f-costume


                                ...eliz, f-costume list owner

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 29 Nov 1996 11:00:43 -0500
From:    aleed <aleed@DNACO.NET>
Subject: Re: Cotehardies

>
> I am /very/ curious to know 1. Are there archeological finds that can show
> us how the clothing progressed from the side gored kirtle to the princess
> seamed dress
>         2. How these dresses were cut out and made, how they were fastened
> and how the false sleeves were attached.

I can help you with #2--the sleeves were attatched with straight pins.
I've seen 3 or four pictures, one of them "Descent from the Cross" bu
Rogier van der weyden, which shows a woman wearing a tight-fitting
cotehardie with rather short sleeves--down to the bicep--and full length
sleeves pinned on to them at the bottom.


Drea


 > > Anyone know? >
>
> Chantal
> -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> " The truth is out there"   -X Files
> " Be sure you want to know what lies behind the doors of truth before you
> open them.."  -me
> " Ask only the questions for which  you are ready to hear the answers." -me
>

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 29 Nov 1996 12:43:12 -0600
From:    Heather McGlaughlin <hmcglaug@OLEMISS.EDU>
Subject: Re: Cotehardies

At 10:30 AM 11/28/96 -0500, you wrote:
>Greetings!
>
>The Herjolfness dress I'm talking about I believe is the one you mention,
>Marc.  I was trying to figure out the way to describe the way the gores
>work--they're not just simple triangular gores that most people might
>have seen, but rather look a bit like this:
>
>        | |
>        | |
>        | |
>        | |
>       /   \
>      /     \
>     /       \
>    /         \
>   /           \
>  /             \
>  ---------------
>
>  There are (I'm working from memory, so excuse the sloppy numbers) I=
 believe
>  two of these each at side right, side left, back side right and back side
>  left.  The "strips" at the top fit the the garment through the
>  torso, while the triangular gore flares out at the hip.  These garments
>  have a characteristic drape which resembles a princess cut somewhat and
>  is quite distinctive when you look for it.  And it is, as I mentioned,
>  _definitely_ a period cut.
>
>  Hope this helps!
>  Susan Carroll-Clark
>  sclark@chass.utoronto.ca


I think that Karl Kohler's "History of Costume"  has a picture of this
dress, as well as a pattern/cutting diagram.  It's available through Dover
books, and you can probably get it at any big bookstore.

                        Heather

P.S.  Try these books.  These are entries in a costuming bibliography I'm
currently working on.


Houston, Mary G.  Medieval Costume in England and France:  The 13th, 14th,
and 15th Centuries.  New York, Dover Publications, 1996.  First published:
London, A & C Black, 1939.  ISBN:  0-486-29060-3.   LOCCCN:  95-40171

        First Regional Library:  (Olive Branch)    391 Hou  1996.

228 pp., illus.  Text is chronological:  includes chapters on construction,
ecclesiastical costume, armor, and ornamentation.  Informative text.  Good
pattern diagrams, details of ornamental and fabric designs.  Historical
chronologies included- monarchs of Europe.  Excellent illustrations taken
mostly from primary sources.  Glossary and bibliography included.  Another
book everyone should have. =20




K=F6hler, Carl.  A History of Costume.  New York:  Dover Publications, 1963.
ISBN:  486-21030-8.  LOCCCN:   63-16328. =20

        First Regional Library: (Hernando, MS)  391.094  Koh.

464 pp., illus.  Contains examples from antiquity through the nineteenth
century, divided by country.  Photos of primary sources:  paintings,
statues, bog finds, sketches, and detailed pattern diagrams with
measurements (in cm.) included.  Text describes undergarments, materials,
methods, male and female fashions, and accessories.  Bibliography and index.
Excellent and inexpensive resource. Everyone should own this one.



Laver, James.  Costume and Fashion:  A Concise History.  New York and
London:  Thames and Hudson, 1969, 1982, 1986.  ISBN:  0-500-20190-0.=20

        First Regional Library:  (Batesville)  391.009  Lav  1986.

288 pp., illus.  Ten chapters covering antiquity through 1970=92s.  Lavishly
illustrated, including color photos and fashion plates.  Many primary source
illustrations.   Includes index and select bibliography.  Detailed sources
in list of illustrations.  A wonderful tool because of its primary source
illustrations.  Inexpensive, too. =20



Scott, Margaret.  A Visual History of Costume:  The Fourteenth and Fifteenth
Centuries.  London:  B.T. Batsford Ltd., 1986.  ISBN:  0-7134-4857-1.

        University of Mississippi Library:  GT575 S26  1986.
=09
143 pp., illus.  This book is unique in that the material is drawn entirely
from primary sources.  A full list of illustrations is given at the
beginning of the book, with detailed source information..  The introduction
is a quick overview of the period, with notes on the sources.  The plates
are taken from effigies, statues, brass rubbings, manuscripts, architecture,
and paintings.  Wonderful detail in the photos.  Section of full color=
 plates.
Select bibliography and excellent glossary/ index.  If you can find this
book in the US, GET IT.  Excellent series.


Heather McGlaughlin                             Fiona MacLachlan
Graduate Assistant                              Chatelaine
Department of Music/ Choral Activities          Shire of Hammerhold
University of Mississippi                       Oxford, MS

                        <hmcglaug@olemiss.edu>

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 29 Nov 1996 18:05:25 -0800
From:    Glenna Jo & Bill Christen <gwjchris@RUST.NET>
Subject: Re: Ladies Caps

Joan Broneske wrote:
>
>I am looking for information on those little lacy caps that ladies wore >in the 1850's-60's.

There are actually 2 different sets of answers to this question.  One
set is for the 1850's and the other for the 1860's since they rather
abruptly fell out of fashion for day wear at the start of the '60's.

There were basically 3 types of 'little lacy caps' women wore.  A
breakfast or morning cap.  This was worn with a dressing gown or wrapper
in the morning down to breakfast etc. before the lady had her hair
formally dressed for the day.  They were still had ribbons, lace, etc.
as trim, but they tended to be more opaque than day caps, and generally
included a 'bag' of fabric at the back to hold the hair low in the
back.  These caps continued to be shown in the ladies' magazines and
they continued to be refered to in trouseau lists, diaries, etc. in the
'60's.  Most all adult women of at least middle class probably wore
these in the morning.

Day caps, which had shrunk by the 1850's basically to bits of lacy
"frou-frou" perched on the top back of the head when a lady was at home
during the day.  As I mentioned before, the ladies' magazines stopped
showing these in the '60's.  The only women in photographs taken in the
1860's wearing day caps are clearly very elderly.  These women are also
wearing daycap styles that were more common in the 1840's and early
'50's.  They tend to have ruffles at the side of the face and either
have long lappets hanging down at least to the shoulders or else tied
under the chin.

Evening or Dinner caps also stayed in fashion, but generally they were
limited to more well-to-do women who attended formal dinner parties,
etc. These were often made of colored ribbons, silk flowers, etc., as
opposed to the predominantly white caps for day and morning wear.

> 1. Who would have worn them? Age? Social Status?
> 2. When would they have been worn?
> 3. Where would they have been worn?
> 4. Decorations: a lot? a little?  what types?

The first 3 questions are pretty well covered.  The last varies widely,
based mainly on the personal taste of the woman as well as the subtle
changes of fashions of the time.  As with other fashions, the fashion
descriptions and illustrations are far more elaborate than what was
commonly worn.

Night caps were most likely to be worn by the majority of women.  They
were very plain and tied under the chin.  These caps kept the head warm
in winter, and helped keep oiled hair and pillows separated from each
other.  It's easier to wash a cap than a pillow!

This was probably more than you wanted to know, but I was on a roll! :-)

Glenna Jo Christen
gwjchris@rust.net

------------------------------

Date:    Sat, 30 Nov 1996 01:08:00 MET
From:    Kelvin Wilson <t869487@POP1.TIP.NL>
Subject: The dress of fisherfolk

Hello everyone,

I am interested to find out whether anyone might be able to point me in the
direction of either the publications, or the researchers, that can tell me,
in detail, more about the dress of British fishermen and -women.

The period I'm interested in is the first half of the 19th century- the
area I have my eye on is the North-East of England.

I believe I once read that a lady is supposed to have written an article on
the clothing worn by the Scottish fishermen portrayed on Hill and Adamson's
calotypes of 1845. 'Ring someone's bell?

The items of clothing which would feature in a history of fishermen's dress
of this period are, amongst others:
.... 'slop breeches' (short overtrousers)
.... the 'gansey' (a fisherman's knitted jumper)
.... the short sailor's jacket
.... canvas trousers (with convenient flap at the front)
.... heavy sea boots, worn over stockings
.... the 'bedgown' (a long jacket worn by the fishwives)
.... and possibly at this time: oil skins

Thank you all, for whatever snippet of information you may wish to share,

Kelvin Wilson
Rotterdam, The Netherlands

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 29 Nov 1996 18:17:12 -0600
From:    "I. Marc Carlson" <LIB_IMC@CENTUM.UTULSA.EDU>
Subject: Re: Cotehardies

<Susan Carroll-Clark <sclark@CHASS.UTORONTO.CA>>
>The Herjolfness dress I'm talking about I believe is the one you mention,
>Marc.  I was trying to figure out the way to describe the way the gores
>work--they're not just simple triangular gores that most people might
>have seen, but rather look a bit like this:

If I may alter your picture slightly (based on Borlund, page 102, fig. 63)

        |\
        | |
        | |
        | |
        | |
       /   \
       |   |
      /     \
     |      |
    /        \
   |          |
    ----------

The top part is, I believe, where the "ten gore dress" article that recently
ran in the TI was seriously in error.  The upper edges are shaped to form the
rounded bottom of the arm hole.

>There are (I'm working from memory, so excuse the sloppy numbers) I believe
>two of these each at side right...

Yes, ma'am, as well as a triangular gore center fronter back, reaching no
higher than the waist

>...is quite distinctive when you look for it.  And it is, as I mentioned,
  _definitely_ a period cut.

No arguement there.


Marc Carlson

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 29 Nov 1996 19:50:20 -0500
From:    Tess Parrish <Tess1929@AOL.COM>
Subject: Nalbinding

Dear friends,
  A gentle reminder...And thanks to all those who were so generous.  Tess

------------------------------

End of H-COSTUME Digest - 28 Nov 1996 to 29 Nov 1996
****************************************************


